Reproductive biology of four-eyes fish, Anableps anableps, in São Marcos bay, Maranhão, Brazil
Keywords:
viviparity, reproduction, fecundity, ichthyologyAbstract
The viviparous species Anableps anableps (four-eyes fish) is considered an important component of estuaries located on Maranhão coast due to its high representativeness and constancy. The present study aimed to describe the reproductive biology of A. anableps in São Marcos Bay, Maranhão. From May 2007 to April 2008, 267 specimens of four-eyes fish were caught, being 214 (80.1%) females and 53 (19.9%) males. The total length (TL) and total weight ranged, respectively, from 11.7 to 21.6 cm and from 16.8 g to 82.3 g for males; and from 13.5 to 28.2 cm and from 18.4 g to 200.0 g for females. The length-weight relationship did not differ between sexes, characterized as a species of negative allometry. The length of first maturity was 13.8 cm for males and 13.9 cm for females. The average fecundity of A. anableps was 12.9 embryos/pregnancy; higher number of embryos was observed when females had from 18.1 to 25.5 cm of total length. The spawning occurred during all year, with peaks in May and September. Seven stages of development were identified to this species, the last one when the embryos are ready to born, coinciding with the reproductive peaks of females.
References
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RIBEIRO, D. e CASTRO, A.C.L. 2003 Contribuição ao estudo da diní¢mica populacional do tralhoto Anableps anableps (Teleostei, Cyprinodontidae) no município de Bacuri, Estado do Maranhão.Boletim do Laboratório de Hidrobiologia, 16: 21-27.
RICHTER, H.C.; LUCKSTADT, C.; FOCKEN, U.;BECKER, K. 2000 An improved procedure to assess fish condition on the basis of lengthweight relationships. Archive of Fishery and Marine Research, 48: 255-264.
SNEDECOR, G.W. e COCHRAN, W.G. 1980 Statistical methods. 7th edition, Iowa State
University Press, Ames, Iowa. 507p.
SUASSUNA, J. 1999 Contribuição ao estudo hidrológico do semi-árido nordestino. Recife, Fundação Joaquim Nabuco. 62p.
TURNER, C.L. 1938 Adaptations for viviparity in embryos and ovary of Anabelps anableps. Journal of Morphology, 62: 323-349.
VAZZOLER, A.E.A.M. 1996 Biologia da reprodução de peixes teleósteos: teoria e prática. Maringá:EDUEM. 169p.
VILLAR, C.A.; GÓMEZ, S.E.; BENTOS, C.A. 2004 Acute Cu toxicity, metal bioaccumulation and ion loss in the Neotropical Cyprinodontiform Jenynsia multidentata. Revista del Museu Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (Nueva Serie), 6(1): 191-195.
ZAR, J. 1996 Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice Hall. 4th Ed. 633p.
BRENNER, M. e KRUMME, U. 2007 Tidal migration patterns in feeding of the four-eyes fish Anebleps anableps L. in a north brazilian mangrove. Journal of Fish Biology, 70: 406-427.
BRITTON, R.H. e MOSER, M.E. 1982 Size specific predation by herons and effect on the sex-ratio of natural populations of the mosquito fish Gambusis affinis Baird and Girard. Oecologia, 53:146-151.
CARVALHO-NETA, R.N.F. e CASTRO, A.C.L. 2008 Diversidade das assembléias de peixes estuarinos da Ilha dos Caranguejos, Maranhão. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar, 41(1): 48í 57.
CASTRO, A.C.L. 2001 Diversidade da assembléia de peixes em Igarapés do Estuário do Rio Paciência (MA-Brasil). Atlí¢ntica, 23: 39-46.
CERVIGÓN, F.; CIPRIANI, R.; FISCHER, W.; GARIBALDI, L.; HENDRICKX, M.; LEMUS,
A.J.; MÁRQUEZ, R.; POUTIERS, J.M.; ROBAINA, G.; RODRIGUEZ, B. 1992. Guia de
campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aguas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur America. Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la
Agricultura y la Alimentación. Roma. FAO. 515p.
DIAS, A.M.P.; BRENTANO, D.M.; CARVALHOPINTO, C.R.S.; MATIAS, W.G. 2006 Avaliação da toxicidade aguda de fluidos de corte utilizados em processos de usinagem usando como organismos-teste Poecilia reticulata e Daphnia magna. Biotemas, 19(3): 7-13.
DHN - DIRETORIA DE HIDROGRAFIA E NAVEGAÇÃO 1972 Cartas de corrente de maré í proximidades da baía de São Marcos e portos de São Luís e Itaqui. 27p.
ESPIRITO-SANTO, R.V.; ISAAC, V.J.; SILVA, L.M.A.; MARTINELLI, J.M.; HIGUCHI, H.;
SAINT-PAUL, U. 2005 Peixes e camarões do litoral bragantino. Belém: MADAM. 268p.
FIALHO, C.B. 2006 Viviparous fishes: book review. Neotropic Ichthyololy, 4(4): 462p.
HARISH KUMAR, K.; KIRAN, R.;PURUSHOTHAM,R.; PUTTAIAH, E.T.; MANJAPPA, S. 2006
Length-weight relationship of cyprinid fish Rasbora daniconius (Hamilton-Buchanan) from Saravathi reservoir, Karnataka. Zoos´ Print Journal, 21: 2140í 2141.
IKEDA, R.G.P.; SILVA, J.M.B.; MIRANDA, S.C.S. 2005 Morfometria do tralhoto, Anableps anableps (Linnaeus, 1758) do estuário de Caratateua,Curuçá, Pará. Boletim Técnico Científico Cepnor, 5:93-103.
KNIGHT, F.M.; LOMBARDI, J.; WOURMS, J.P.; BURNS, J.R. 1985 Follicular placenta and
embryonic growth of the viviparous four-eyed fish (Anableps). Journal of Morphology, 185: 131-142.
KRUMHOLZ, L.A. 1948 Reproduction in the western mosquito-fish Gambusia affinis (Baird e Giard), and its use in mosquito control. Ecological Monographs, 18: 1-43.
KRUSKAL, W.H. e WALLIS, W.A. 1952 Use of ranks in one-criterion analysis of variance. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47: 583-621.
MAGURRAN, A.E. e NOWAK, M.A. 1991 Another battle of the sexes í the consequences of sexual asymmetry in mating costs and predation risk in the Guppy, Poecilia-Reticulata. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series Biological Sciences,246: 31-38.
MAI, A.C.G.; GARCIA, A.M.; VIEIRA, J.P.; MAI, M.G. 2007 Reproductive aspects of the one-sided livebearer Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842)(Cyprinodontiformes) in the Patos Lagoon estuary, Brazil. Pan-american Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 2: 40-46.
MENDONZA, G. 1962 The reproductive cycle of three viviparous teleosts Alloophorus robustus,Goodea luitpoldii and Neoophorus diazi. The Biology Bulletin, 123: 351í 365.
MILLER, R.R. 1979 Ecology, habits and of the middle american cuatro ojos, Anableps dowi (Pisces: Anablepidae). Copeia, 1: 82-91.
NASCIMENTO, F.L. e ASSUNÇÃO, M.I.S. 2008 Ecologia reprodutiva dos tralhotos Anableps anableps e Anableps microlepis (Pisces: Osteichthyes: Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae) no rio Paracauari, ilha de Marajó, Pará, Brasil.
Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi - Ciências Naturais, 3: 229-240.
OLIVEIRA, F.G.; COIMBRA, J.P.; MOTA, D.L.;BITTENCOURT, A.M.; MONTAG, L.F.A.;
NASCIMENTO, F.; COSTA, B.L.S.A. 2004 Topographical distribution of retinal ganglion
cells in the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps. In: NEUROSCIENCE SYMPOSIUM, 1., Natal, 3-7/mar./2004. Anais… p.49.
OLIVEIRA, V.A.; FONTOURA, N.F.; MONTAG,L.F.A. 2011 Reproductive characteristics and the weight-lenght relationship in Anableps anableps (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae) from Amazon Estuary. Neotropical Ichthyology, 9(4): 757-766.
ORTIZ-ORDÓNEZ, E.; URIA-GALICIA, E.; LÓPEZLOPÉZ, E.; MAYA, J.P.; HERNÁNDEZ, A.L.C. 2007 Reproductive cycle by histological characterization of the ovary in the butterfly goodeid Ameca splendens from the upper Rio Ameca Basin, México. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23: 40-45.
RIBEIRO, D. e CASTRO, A.C.L. 2003 Contribuição ao estudo da diní¢mica populacional do tralhoto Anableps anableps (Teleostei, Cyprinodontidae) no município de Bacuri, Estado do Maranhão.Boletim do Laboratório de Hidrobiologia, 16: 21-27.
RICHTER, H.C.; LUCKSTADT, C.; FOCKEN, U.;BECKER, K. 2000 An improved procedure to assess fish condition on the basis of lengthweight relationships. Archive of Fishery and Marine Research, 48: 255-264.
SNEDECOR, G.W. e COCHRAN, W.G. 1980 Statistical methods. 7th edition, Iowa State
University Press, Ames, Iowa. 507p.
SUASSUNA, J. 1999 Contribuição ao estudo hidrológico do semi-árido nordestino. Recife, Fundação Joaquim Nabuco. 62p.
TURNER, C.L. 1938 Adaptations for viviparity in embryos and ovary of Anabelps anableps. Journal of Morphology, 62: 323-349.
VAZZOLER, A.E.A.M. 1996 Biologia da reprodução de peixes teleósteos: teoria e prática. Maringá:EDUEM. 169p.
VILLAR, C.A.; GÓMEZ, S.E.; BENTOS, C.A. 2004 Acute Cu toxicity, metal bioaccumulation and ion loss in the Neotropical Cyprinodontiform Jenynsia multidentata. Revista del Museu Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (Nueva Serie), 6(1): 191-195.
ZAR, J. 1996 Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice Hall. 4th Ed. 633p.
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2018-11-11
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