Skeletal anomalies in goliath grouper
Keywords:
Epinephelus itajara, skeletal anomalies, larviculture, fish cultureAbstract
The goliath grouper, Epinephelus itajara, is the largest Serranidae of Atlantic Ocean, reaching more than 350 kg. Due to overfishing and the loss of habitat, the species is included in the red list of threatened species of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Specimens collected in a shrimp farm in Northeastern Brazil showed skeletal anomalies. The rate of fish with skeletal malformations was of 18.2%. This is the first report of skeletal anomalies in goliath grouper.
References
BAEVERFJORD, G.; HELLAND, S.; HOUGH, C.2009 Control of malformations in fish aquaculture.
Federation of European Aquaculture Producers(FEAP): Belgium. 52p.
BASARAN, F.; OZBILGIN, H.; OZBILGIN, Y.D. 2007 Effect of lordosis on the swimming performance
of juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.).Aquaculture Research, 38: 870í 876.
BOGLIONE, C.; GAGLIARDI, F.; SCARDI, M.; CAUTAUDELLA, S. 2001 Skeletal descriptors
and quality assessment in larvae and post-larvae of wild-caught and hatchery-reared gilthead sea
bream (Sparus aurata L. 1758). Aquaculture, 192(1): 1-22.
BOGLIONE, C.; MARINO, G.; GIGANTI, M.; LONGOBARDI, A.; MARZI, P.; CATAUDELLA,
S. 2009 Skeletal anomalies in dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) juveniles
reared with different methodologies and larval densities. Aquaculture, 291(1): 48-60.
BOGLIONE, C.; GAVAIA, P.; KOUMOUNDOUROS,G.; GISBERT, E.; MOREN, M.; FONTAGNÉ, S.;
WITTEN, P.E. 2013a Skeletal anomalies in reared European fish larvae and juveniles. Part 1:
normal and anomalous skeletogenic processes. Reviews in Aquaculture, 5(1): 99í 120.
BOGLIONE, C.; GISBERT, E.; GAVAIA, P.; WITTEN, P.E.; MOREN, M.; FONTAGNÉ, S.; KOUMOUNDOUROS, G. 2013b Skeletal anomalies in reared European fish larvae and
juveniles. Part 2: main typologies, occurrences and causative factors. Reviews in Aquaculture,
5(1): 121-167.
BULLOCK, L.H.; MURPHY, M.D.; GODCHARLES,M.F. MITCHELL, M.E. 1992 Age, growth, and
reproduction of jewfish Epinephelus itajara in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin, 90:
243-249.
CAHU, C.; INFANTE, J.Z.; TAKEUCHI, T. 2003 Nutritional components affecting skeletal
development in fish larvae. Aquaculture, 227(1):254-258.
CHATAIN, B. 1994 Abnormal swim bladder development and lordosis in sea bass
(Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture, 119(2): 371-379.
CRAIG, M.T.; GRAHAM, R.T.; TORRES, R.A.;HYDE, J.R.; FREITAS. M.O.; FERREIRA, B.P.;HOSTIM-SILVA, M.; GERHARDINGER, L.C.; BERTONCINI., A.A.; ROBERTSON, D.R. 2009.How many species of goliath grouper are there?Cryptic genetic divergence in a threatened marine fish and the resurrection of a geopolitical species. Endangerous Species Research, 7: 167-174.
DIVANACH, P.; PAPANDROULAKIS, N.; ANASTASIADIS, P.; KOUMOUNDOUROS, G.; KENTOURI, M. 1997 Effect of water currents on the development of skeletal deformities in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) with functional swimbladder during postlarval and nursery
phase. Aquaculture, 156(2): 145-155
FINN, R.N. 2007 The physiology and toxicology of salmonid eggs and larvae in relation to water
quality criteria. Aquatic Toxicology, 81(2): 337-345.
GAVAIA, P.J.; DINIS, M.T.; CANCELA, M.L. 2002 Osteological development and abnormalities of
the vertebral column and caudal skeleton in larval and juvenile stages of hatchery-reared
Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis). Aquaculture, 211(2): 305-323.
HEEMSTRA, P.C. e RANDALL, J.E. 1993 Groupers of the world (Family Serranidae, Subfamily
Epinephelinae). Rome: FAO. 382p.
HOSOYA, K. e KAWAMURA, K. 1998 Skeletal formation and abnormalities in the caudal
complex of the Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck and Schlegel). Bulletin
Nature Research Institute Fisheries Science, 12: 97-110.
IBAMA 2002 PORTARIA Nº 121, de 20 de setembro de 2002. Proibe a captura do mero Epinephelus itajara) por um periodo de cinco anos. Diário Oficial da União, 23 de setembro de 2002, Nº 184,
Seção 1, p.59.
IBAMA 2007 PORTARIA Nº 42, de 19 de setembro de 2007. Prorrogação da proibição da captura do
mero (Epinephelus itajara) por um periodo de cinco anos. Diário Oficial da União, 20 de
setembro de 2007, Nº 182, Seção 1, p.101.
IBAMA 2012 PORTARIA Nº 13, de 16 de outubro de 2012. Prorrogação da proibição da captura do
mero (Epinephelus itajara) por um período de três anos. Diário Oficial da União, 17 de outubro de
2012, Nº 201, Seção 1, p.122.
JAWAD, L.A. 2004 First record of an anomalous mullet fish (Mugil cephalus) from New Zealand.
Tuhinga, 15(1): 121-124.
KAYIM, M.; CAN, E.; GUNER, Y. 2010 Is it possible to transform hatchery-reared abnormal juveniles
of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L. 1758) into normal individuals? Asian Journal of Animal and
Veterinary Advances, 5(1): 327-338.
KIHARA, M.; OGATA, S.; KAWANO, N.; KUBOTA, I.; YAMAGUCHI, R. 2002 Lordosis induction in
juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major, by high swimming activity. Aquaculture, 212(1): 149-158.
KOO, T.S.Y. e JOHNSTON, M.L. 1978 Larva deformity in striped bass, Morone saxatilis (walbaum), and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis (mitchill), due to heat shock treatment of developing eggs. Environmental Pollution, 16(1): 137-149.
KOUMOUNDOUROS, G.; ORAN, G.; DIVANACH, P.; STEFANAKIS, S.; KENTOURI, M. 1997 The
opercular complex deformity in intensive gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata L. larviculture.
Moment of appearance and description.Aquaculture, 156: 165í 177.
LONGWELL, A.C.; CHANG, S.; HEBERT, A.;HUGHES, J.B.; AND PERRY, D. 1992 Pollution
and developmental abnormalities of Atlantic fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 35: 1í 21.
NMFS 1990 Fishery management plan for the snappergrouper fishery of the South Atlantic Region. Manage Counc.: Charleston. 28p.
PUSACK, T.J. e GRAHAM, R.T. 2009 Threatened fishes of the world: Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) (Epinephelidae, formerlySerranid ae). Environmental Biology of Fishes, 86(2):
293-294.
RAMOS, F.M.; SANCHES, E.G.; FUJIMOTO, R.Y.;COTTENS, K.F.; CERQUEIRA, V.R. 2012 Crescimento de juvenis da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus submetidos a diferentes dietas. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 38(1): 81-88.
ROUMBEDAKIS, K.; MARCHIORI, N.C.; PASETO, Á.; GONí"¡ALVES, E.L.T.; LUQUE, J.L.;CEPEDA, P.B.; SANCHES, E.G.; MARTINS, M.L. 2013 Parasite fauna of wild and cultured dusky-grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe,1834) from Ubatuba, Southeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 73(4): 871-878.
RUSSO, T.; SCARDI, M.; BOGLIONE, C.;CATAUDELLA, S. 2011 Application of the selforganizing map to the study of skeletal anomalies in aquaculture: The case of dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus Lowe, 1834) juveniles reared under different rearing conditions. Aquaculture, 315(1): 69-77.
SADOVY, Y. e EKLUND, Y.A.M. 1999 Synopsis of biological data on the nassau grouper,phinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792) and the jewfish, E. itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822). Rome: FAO. 65p.
SANCHES, E.G. e SECKENDORFF, R.W. 2009 Grouper culture in Brazil. Aquaculture Asia
Magazine, 14(3): 31-32.
SANCHES, E.G.; OLIVEIRA, I.R.; SERRALHEIRO, P.C.S. 2009 Crioconservação do sêmen da
garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Teleostei, Serranidae). Boletim do
Instituto de Pesca, 35(3): 389-399.
SANCHES, E.G.; MELLO, G.L.; AMARAL JíÅ¡NIOR, H. 2013 Primeira ocorrência de malformação na
coluna vertebral em juvenis de robalo-flecha.Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 39(1): 77-83.
SFAKIANAKIS, D.G.; GEORGAKOPOULOU, E.;PAPADAKIS, I.E.; DIVANACH, P.; KENTOURI,
M.; KOUMOUNDOUROS, G. 2006 Environmental determinants of haemal lordosis in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758). Aquaculture, 254(1): 54-64.
SILVA, F.C.; LEITE, J.R.; HOSTIM-SILVA, M.; VALENí"¡A, A.R.; SANCHES, E.G. 2014 First
record of Neobenedenia "melleni" - like species (Monogenea: Capsalidae) in Goliath grouper
Epinephelus itajara in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 23(1): 248-250.
TAKLE, H.; BAEVERFJORD, G.; LUNDE, M.;KOLSTAD, K.; ANDERSEN, íËœ. 2005 The effect
of heat and cold exposure on HSP70 expression and development of deformities during
embryogenesis of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).Aquaculture, 249(1): 515-524.
Federation of European Aquaculture Producers(FEAP): Belgium. 52p.
BASARAN, F.; OZBILGIN, H.; OZBILGIN, Y.D. 2007 Effect of lordosis on the swimming performance
of juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.).Aquaculture Research, 38: 870í 876.
BOGLIONE, C.; GAGLIARDI, F.; SCARDI, M.; CAUTAUDELLA, S. 2001 Skeletal descriptors
and quality assessment in larvae and post-larvae of wild-caught and hatchery-reared gilthead sea
bream (Sparus aurata L. 1758). Aquaculture, 192(1): 1-22.
BOGLIONE, C.; MARINO, G.; GIGANTI, M.; LONGOBARDI, A.; MARZI, P.; CATAUDELLA,
S. 2009 Skeletal anomalies in dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) juveniles
reared with different methodologies and larval densities. Aquaculture, 291(1): 48-60.
BOGLIONE, C.; GAVAIA, P.; KOUMOUNDOUROS,G.; GISBERT, E.; MOREN, M.; FONTAGNÉ, S.;
WITTEN, P.E. 2013a Skeletal anomalies in reared European fish larvae and juveniles. Part 1:
normal and anomalous skeletogenic processes. Reviews in Aquaculture, 5(1): 99í 120.
BOGLIONE, C.; GISBERT, E.; GAVAIA, P.; WITTEN, P.E.; MOREN, M.; FONTAGNÉ, S.; KOUMOUNDOUROS, G. 2013b Skeletal anomalies in reared European fish larvae and
juveniles. Part 2: main typologies, occurrences and causative factors. Reviews in Aquaculture,
5(1): 121-167.
BULLOCK, L.H.; MURPHY, M.D.; GODCHARLES,M.F. MITCHELL, M.E. 1992 Age, growth, and
reproduction of jewfish Epinephelus itajara in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin, 90:
243-249.
CAHU, C.; INFANTE, J.Z.; TAKEUCHI, T. 2003 Nutritional components affecting skeletal
development in fish larvae. Aquaculture, 227(1):254-258.
CHATAIN, B. 1994 Abnormal swim bladder development and lordosis in sea bass
(Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture, 119(2): 371-379.
CRAIG, M.T.; GRAHAM, R.T.; TORRES, R.A.;HYDE, J.R.; FREITAS. M.O.; FERREIRA, B.P.;HOSTIM-SILVA, M.; GERHARDINGER, L.C.; BERTONCINI., A.A.; ROBERTSON, D.R. 2009.How many species of goliath grouper are there?Cryptic genetic divergence in a threatened marine fish and the resurrection of a geopolitical species. Endangerous Species Research, 7: 167-174.
DIVANACH, P.; PAPANDROULAKIS, N.; ANASTASIADIS, P.; KOUMOUNDOUROS, G.; KENTOURI, M. 1997 Effect of water currents on the development of skeletal deformities in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) with functional swimbladder during postlarval and nursery
phase. Aquaculture, 156(2): 145-155
FINN, R.N. 2007 The physiology and toxicology of salmonid eggs and larvae in relation to water
quality criteria. Aquatic Toxicology, 81(2): 337-345.
GAVAIA, P.J.; DINIS, M.T.; CANCELA, M.L. 2002 Osteological development and abnormalities of
the vertebral column and caudal skeleton in larval and juvenile stages of hatchery-reared
Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis). Aquaculture, 211(2): 305-323.
HEEMSTRA, P.C. e RANDALL, J.E. 1993 Groupers of the world (Family Serranidae, Subfamily
Epinephelinae). Rome: FAO. 382p.
HOSOYA, K. e KAWAMURA, K. 1998 Skeletal formation and abnormalities in the caudal
complex of the Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck and Schlegel). Bulletin
Nature Research Institute Fisheries Science, 12: 97-110.
IBAMA 2002 PORTARIA Nº 121, de 20 de setembro de 2002. Proibe a captura do mero Epinephelus itajara) por um periodo de cinco anos. Diário Oficial da União, 23 de setembro de 2002, Nº 184,
Seção 1, p.59.
IBAMA 2007 PORTARIA Nº 42, de 19 de setembro de 2007. Prorrogação da proibição da captura do
mero (Epinephelus itajara) por um periodo de cinco anos. Diário Oficial da União, 20 de
setembro de 2007, Nº 182, Seção 1, p.101.
IBAMA 2012 PORTARIA Nº 13, de 16 de outubro de 2012. Prorrogação da proibição da captura do
mero (Epinephelus itajara) por um período de três anos. Diário Oficial da União, 17 de outubro de
2012, Nº 201, Seção 1, p.122.
JAWAD, L.A. 2004 First record of an anomalous mullet fish (Mugil cephalus) from New Zealand.
Tuhinga, 15(1): 121-124.
KAYIM, M.; CAN, E.; GUNER, Y. 2010 Is it possible to transform hatchery-reared abnormal juveniles
of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L. 1758) into normal individuals? Asian Journal of Animal and
Veterinary Advances, 5(1): 327-338.
KIHARA, M.; OGATA, S.; KAWANO, N.; KUBOTA, I.; YAMAGUCHI, R. 2002 Lordosis induction in
juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major, by high swimming activity. Aquaculture, 212(1): 149-158.
KOO, T.S.Y. e JOHNSTON, M.L. 1978 Larva deformity in striped bass, Morone saxatilis (walbaum), and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis (mitchill), due to heat shock treatment of developing eggs. Environmental Pollution, 16(1): 137-149.
KOUMOUNDOUROS, G.; ORAN, G.; DIVANACH, P.; STEFANAKIS, S.; KENTOURI, M. 1997 The
opercular complex deformity in intensive gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata L. larviculture.
Moment of appearance and description.Aquaculture, 156: 165í 177.
LONGWELL, A.C.; CHANG, S.; HEBERT, A.;HUGHES, J.B.; AND PERRY, D. 1992 Pollution
and developmental abnormalities of Atlantic fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 35: 1í 21.
NMFS 1990 Fishery management plan for the snappergrouper fishery of the South Atlantic Region. Manage Counc.: Charleston. 28p.
PUSACK, T.J. e GRAHAM, R.T. 2009 Threatened fishes of the world: Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) (Epinephelidae, formerlySerranid ae). Environmental Biology of Fishes, 86(2):
293-294.
RAMOS, F.M.; SANCHES, E.G.; FUJIMOTO, R.Y.;COTTENS, K.F.; CERQUEIRA, V.R. 2012 Crescimento de juvenis da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus submetidos a diferentes dietas. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 38(1): 81-88.
ROUMBEDAKIS, K.; MARCHIORI, N.C.; PASETO, Á.; GONí"¡ALVES, E.L.T.; LUQUE, J.L.;CEPEDA, P.B.; SANCHES, E.G.; MARTINS, M.L. 2013 Parasite fauna of wild and cultured dusky-grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe,1834) from Ubatuba, Southeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 73(4): 871-878.
RUSSO, T.; SCARDI, M.; BOGLIONE, C.;CATAUDELLA, S. 2011 Application of the selforganizing map to the study of skeletal anomalies in aquaculture: The case of dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus Lowe, 1834) juveniles reared under different rearing conditions. Aquaculture, 315(1): 69-77.
SADOVY, Y. e EKLUND, Y.A.M. 1999 Synopsis of biological data on the nassau grouper,phinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792) and the jewfish, E. itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822). Rome: FAO. 65p.
SANCHES, E.G. e SECKENDORFF, R.W. 2009 Grouper culture in Brazil. Aquaculture Asia
Magazine, 14(3): 31-32.
SANCHES, E.G.; OLIVEIRA, I.R.; SERRALHEIRO, P.C.S. 2009 Crioconservação do sêmen da
garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Teleostei, Serranidae). Boletim do
Instituto de Pesca, 35(3): 389-399.
SANCHES, E.G.; MELLO, G.L.; AMARAL JíÅ¡NIOR, H. 2013 Primeira ocorrência de malformação na
coluna vertebral em juvenis de robalo-flecha.Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 39(1): 77-83.
SFAKIANAKIS, D.G.; GEORGAKOPOULOU, E.;PAPADAKIS, I.E.; DIVANACH, P.; KENTOURI,
M.; KOUMOUNDOUROS, G. 2006 Environmental determinants of haemal lordosis in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758). Aquaculture, 254(1): 54-64.
SILVA, F.C.; LEITE, J.R.; HOSTIM-SILVA, M.; VALENí"¡A, A.R.; SANCHES, E.G. 2014 First
record of Neobenedenia "melleni" - like species (Monogenea: Capsalidae) in Goliath grouper
Epinephelus itajara in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 23(1): 248-250.
TAKLE, H.; BAEVERFJORD, G.; LUNDE, M.;KOLSTAD, K.; ANDERSEN, íËœ. 2005 The effect
of heat and cold exposure on HSP70 expression and development of deformities during
embryogenesis of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).Aquaculture, 249(1): 515-524.
Downloads
Published
2018-07-10
Issue
Section
Short Communication
