The effect of three commercial feeds used in aquaculture hatcheries on physiology of the prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)
Keywords:
freshwater prawn, metabolism, excretion, hepatopancreas, energy, proteinAbstract
We investigated the effect of three commercial feeds containing 32%, 35% (control), and 38% of crude protein on the physiology (metabolism, ammonia excretion, energy substrate and hepatosomatic index) of Macrobrachium amazonicum. The energetic content and energy/protein ratio of the feeds were quantified. The physiological aspects did not show differences among the animals fed with the three types of feeds concerning metabolism, ammonia excretion and energy substrate, which was kept as proteins. However, we observed 120% higher hepatosomatic index in the animals fed with 38% of protein. This feed has also higher energetic value (4,700 ± 10.6 kcal kg-1) and an energy/protein ratio (12.2:1). It is possible that these characteristics of the feed have contributed to higher hepatosomatic index. In this sense, the feed containing 38% of protein seems to be more appropriate because it may promote better storage of reserves in the hepatopancreas, a beneficial condition to reproduction and growth.
References
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CHEN, J.C. and NAN, F.H. 1994 Comparisons of oxygen-consumption and ammnonia excretion
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COLLART, O.O. and RABELO, H. 1996 Variation in egg size of the freshwater prawn acrobrachium amazonicum (Decapoda, palaemonidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 16(4): 684-688.
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feeds for Crustacea. Aquaculture, 124(1-4): 253-267.
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HABASHY, M.M. 2009 Growth and body composition of juvenile freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii fed different dietary protein/starch ratios. Global Veterinaria, 3(1): 45-50.
HARTNOLL, R. 2001 Growth in Crustacea - twenty years on. Hydrobiologia, 449(1-3): 111-122.
HAYD, L.A.; LEMOS, D.; VALENTI, W.C. 2014 Effects of ambient nitrite on Amazon river prawn, Macrobrachium amazonicum, larvae. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 45(1):
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JENSEN, M.; FITZGIBBON, Q.; CARTER, C.G.;ADAMS, L.R. 2013 Effect of body mass and activity on the metabolic rate and ammonia-N excretion of the spiny lobster Sagmariasus verreauxi during ontogeny. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 166(1): 191-198.
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prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum: a review. Nauplius, 17(2): 61-79.
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COMOGLIO, L.; GAXIOLA, G.; ROQUE, A.;CUZON, G.; AMIN. O. 2004 The effect of starvation on refeeding, digestive enzyme activity, oxygen consumption, and ammonia excretion in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal of Selfish Research, 23(1): 234-249.
COMOGLIO, L.; SMOLKO, L.; AMIN, O. 2005 Effects of starvation on oxygen consumption, ammonia, excretion and biochemical composition of the hepatopí¢ncreas on adult males of the
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and Physiology B - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 140(3): 411-416.
COMOGLIO, L, GOLDSMIT, J and AMIN, O. 2008 Starvation effects on physiological parameters
and biochemical composition of the hepatopancreas of the southern king crab Lithodes santolla (Molina, 1782). Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 43(2): 345-353
CUZON, G.; GUILLAUME, J.; CAHU, C. 1994 Composition, preparation and utilization of
feeds for Crustacea. Aquaculture, 124(1-4): 253-267.
CUZON, G. and GUILLAUME, J. 1997 Energy and protein: energy ratio. In: D'ABRAMO, L.R.;
CONKLIN, D.E.; AKIYAMA, D.M. Crustacean nutrition - Advances in world aquaculture. Baton
Rouge, EUA: WAS, 1997. Cap.3. p.51-70.
CUZON, G.; ROSAS, C.; GAXIOLA, G.; TABOADA, G.; VAN WORMHOUDT, A. 2000 Utilization of
carbohydrates by shrimp. In: CRUZ-SUAREZ, L.E.; RICQUE MARIE, D.; TAPIA-SALAZAR, M.; OLVERA-NOVOA, M.A.; CIVERACERECEDO, R. (eds) Avances en Nutrición Acuícola V. Memorias del V Simposium Internacional de Nutrición Acuícola. Mérida, Yucatán. p.328-339.
DALL, W. and SMITH, D.M. 1986 Changes in protein-bound and free amino acids in the muscle of the tiger prawn Penaeus esculentus during starvation. Marine Biology, 95(4): 509-520.
DAVASSI, L.A. 2011 Survival and growth of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in
relation to different nutrients composition. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 6(6):649-654.
DING, X.; NAGARAJU, G.P.C.; NOVOTNEY, D.;LOVETT, D.L.; BORST, D.W. 2010 Yolk protein
expression in the green crab, Carcinus maenas. Aquaculture, 298(3-4): 325-331.
DISSANAYAKE, A.; GALLOWAY, T.S.; JONES,M.B. 2008 Nutritional status of Carcinus maenas
(Crustacea: Decapoda) influences susceptibility to contaminant exposure. Aquatic Toxicology,
89(1): 40-46.
DUBOIS, M.; GILLES, K.A.; HAMILTON, J.K.; REBERS, P.A.; SMITH, F. 1956 Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry, 28(3): 350-356.
FAO - FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS. 2012 FIGIS í
Fisheries Statistics í Aquaculture. [on line] URL:<www.fao.org>.
FOLCH, J.; LEES, M. and STANLEY, G.H.S. 1957 A simple method for the isolation and purification
of total lipids from animal tissues. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226(1): 497-509.
GARCÍA-ORTEGA, A.; KOUSSOULAKI, A.; BOER,H.; VERRETH, J. 2000 In vitro protein digestibility of Artemia decapsulated cysts and nauplii, and of microbound diets for larval fish. Aquaculture Research, 31(5): 475-477.
GASTELíÅ¡, J.C.; OLIVEIRA, J.; BRITO, L.O.; GALVEZ, A.O.; MOREIRA, M.G. 2011 Efeito da temperatura e dos alimentos protéico e lipídico nos estádios de maturação ovariana e estágios de muda do Macrobrachium acanthurus (WIEGMANN, 1836). Ciência Animal Brasileira,12(3): 443-455.
GAUQUELIN, F.; CUZON, G.; GAXIOLA, G.;ROSAS, C.; ARENA, L.; BUREAU, D.P. AND COCHARD, J.C. 2007 Effect of dietary protein level on growth and energy utilization by Litopenaeus stylirostris under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture, 271(1-4): 439-448.
GONZÁLEZ-PEí"˜A, M.C.G. and MOREIRA, M.G.S. 2003 Effect of dietary cellulose level on specific
dynamic action and ammonia excretion of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879).
Aquaculture Research, 34(10): 821-827.
HABASHY, M.M. 2009 Growth and body composition of juvenile freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii fed different dietary protein/starch ratios. Global Veterinaria, 3(1): 45-50.
HARTNOLL, R. 2001 Growth in Crustacea - twenty years on. Hydrobiologia, 449(1-3): 111-122.
HAYD, L.A.; LEMOS, D.; VALENTI, W.C. 2014 Effects of ambient nitrite on Amazon river prawn, Macrobrachium amazonicum, larvae. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 45(1):
55-64.
HOLME, M.H.; ZENG, C.; SOUTHGATE, P.C. 2004 A review of recent progress toward development of a formulated microbound diet for mud crab, Scylla serrata, larvae and their nutritional requirements. Aquaculture, 286(3-4):164-175.
HOLTHUIS, L.B. 1952 A general revision of the Palaemonidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia) of the Americas. II. The subfamily Palaenominae. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation,12: 1-339.
JAMES, P.; VASILYEV, R.; SIIKAVUOPIO, S.;KOVATCHEVA, N.; SAMUELSEN, T.A.;MUNDHEIM, H.; CARLEHí–G, M. 2013 The effects of varying the percentage of herring versus salmon protein in manufactures diets on the survival, meat content, hepatosomatic index and meat sensory quality of adult red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus held in captivity. Aquaculture, 416-417: 390-395.
JENSEN, M.; FITZGIBBON, Q.; CARTER, C.G.;ADAMS, L.R. 2013 Effect of body mass and activity on the metabolic rate and ammonia-N excretion of the spiny lobster Sagmariasus verreauxi during ontogeny. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 166(1): 191-198.
KOROLEFF, F. 1976 Determination of ammonia. In:GRASSHOFF, K.; EHRHARDT, M.; KREMLING,
K. (eds) Methods of seawater analysis. 2: 150-157.
KUBITZA, F. 2009 Manejo na produção de peixes.Panorama da Aquicultura, 19(111): 14-27.
LEMOS, D.; NETTO, B.; GERMANO, A. 2006 Energy budget of juvenile fat snook Centropomus
parallelus fed live food. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 144(1): 33-40.
LI, K.; CHEN, L.; ZHOU, Z.; LI, E.; ZHAO, X; GUO,H. 2006 The site of vitellogenin synthesis in
Chinese mitten-handed crab Eriocheir sinensis.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 143(4): 453-458.
MACIEL, C.R. and VALENTI, W.C. 2009. Biology,fisheries, and aquaculture of the amazon river
prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum: a review. Nauplius, 17(2): 61-79.
MACIEL, C.R.; NEW, M.B.; VALENTI, W.C. 2012 The predation of Artemia nauplii by the larvae of
the Amazon river prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) is affected by prey density, time of day, and ontogenetic development. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 43(5): 659-669.
MAYZAUD, P. and CONOVER, R.J. 1988 O:N ratio as a tool to describe zooplankton metabolism.
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 45(3): 289-302.
MAZARELLI, C.; SANTOS, M; AMORIM, R.; AUGUSTO, A. 2015 Effect of salinity on the metabolism and osmoregulation of selected ontogenetic stages of an amazon population of Macrobrachium amazonicum shrimp (decapoda,palaemonidae). Brazilian Journal of Biology, 75(2):372-379.
MELO, A.G. 2003 Manual de identificação dos Crustacea Decapoda de água doce do Brasil. São Paulo, Edições Loyola/Museu de Zoologia, USP. 430p.
MIAO, W. and GE, X. 2002 Freshwater prawn culture in China: an overview. Aquaculture Asia, VII(1):9-12.
MITRA, G.; MUKHOPADHYAY, P.K.;CHATTOPADHYAY D.N. 2005 Nutrition and feeding in freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming. Aquatic Feeds: Formulation and Beyond, 2(1): 17-19.
MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C. and VALENTI, W.C.2001 Freshwater prawn farming in Brazilian
Amazonia shows potential for economic and social development. Global Aquaculture Advocate,
4(5): 73í 74.
MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C. and VALENTI, W.C.2004 Morphotypes in male Amazon River
Prawns, Macrobrachium amazonicum. Aquaculture,236(1-4): 297-307.
NAVARRO, R.D.; DA SILVA, R.F.; RIBEIRO-FILHO,O.P.; CALADO, L.L.; REZENDE, F.P. SILVA,S.S.; SANTOS, L.C. 2006 Morphometric comparison and somatic indexes of lambari prata (Astayanax scabripinnis Jerenyns, 1842) in diferente culture systems. Zootecnia Tropical,24(2): 165-176.
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2018-11-20
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