Rotifer importance as food on the larval rearing of the mud crab
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2017v43n2p185Keywords:
Ucides cordatus, larval rearing, feed, qualityAbstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the exclusion of rotifer and its replacement by commercial feed in the survival, larval development and growth during the larval rearing of mud crab (Ucides cordatus). Larvae were individually reared and subjected to 6 treatments (T1 to T5 and TR) with 50 replicates, from zoea (Z1 to Z5) to the megalopa stage (M). Feeding was composed of Artemia nauplii and microalgae in all treatments. Rotifer was also introduced as food from T1 to T5, except in TR, where microparticulate commercial feed was provided as food. Rotifer was then supplied in treatments T1-Z1, T2 í Z2, T3-Z3, T4-Z4 and T5-Z5, and subsequently excluded. The low survival with reduced number of megalopae observed when rotifer was replaced by the commercial feed shows that this is not a viable alternative. The exclusion of rotifer can be performed after switching from Z1 to Z2, maintaining the supply of Artemia nauplii and microalgae, without impact on growth, survival and stress resistance, ensuring megalopae with quality for restoking and thereby reducing handling and the costs involved in the production.
References
ABRUNHOSA, F.A.; SILVA NETO, A.A.; MELO,M.A., CARVALHO, L.O. 2002 Importance of the
food and feeding in the first larval stage of Ucides cordatus cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Decapoda:
Ocypodidae). Revista Ciências Agronômicas,33(2): 5-12.
AL-AIDAROOS, A. 2013 Factors controlling mortality of Red Sea Brachyuran crab larvae in rearing systems. International Journal of Aquatic Science, 4(1): 74-81.
ANGER, K. 2001 The biology of decapod crustacean larvae. Crustacean Issues, vol 14. Lisse: AA
Balkema Publishers. 419 p.
BAYLON, J.C.; BRAVO, M.E.A.; MANINGO, N.C. 2004 Ingestion of Brachionus plicatilis and Artemia salina nauplii by mud crab Scylla serrata larvae. Aquaculture Research, 35(1): 62-70.
BAYLON, J.C. 2009 Appropriate food type, feeding schedule and Artemia density for the zoea larvae of the mud crab, Scylla tranquebarica (Crustacea:Decapoda: Portunidae). Aquaculture, 288(3-4): 190í 195.
BELL, M.V.; TOCHER, D.R. 2009 Biosynthesis o f P o l y u n s a t u r a t e d F a t t y A c i d s i n
Aquatic Ecosystems: General Pathways and New Directions. In: ARTS, M.T.; BRETT, M.T.;
KAINZ, M. Lipids in Aquatic Ecosystems. Springer,New York. p. 281-309.
CASTILHO-WESTPHAL, G.G.; OSTRENSKY, A.;PIE, M.R.; BOEGER, W.A. 2008 Estado da arte das pesquisas com o caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus. Archives of Veterinary S c i e n c e ,13(2): 151-166.
CHRISTOFOLETTI, R.A.; HATTORI, G.Y.;PINHEIRO, M.A.A. 2013 Food selection by a mangrove crab: temporal changes in fasted animals. Hydrobiologia, 702(1):63-72
CLARKE, K.R.; GORLEY, R.N. 2006 PRIMER v6: User Manual/Tutorial. Plymouth: PRIMER-E. 192 p.
COTTENS, K.F.; SILVA, U.A.T.; VENTURA, R.;RAMOS, F.M.; OSTRENSKY A. 2014 Rearing of Ucides cordatus (LINNAEU, 1763) larvae under different light intensities. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 66(5): 1464-1470.
DAVIS, J.A.; WILLE, M.; HECHT, T.; SORGELLOS,P. 2005 Optimal first feed organism for South
African mud crab Scylla serrata (Forksal) larvae. Aquaculture International, 13(3): 187-201.
DIELE, K.; SIMITH, D.J.B. 2006 Salinity tolerance of northern Brazilian mangrove crab larvae, Ucides cordatus (Ocypodidae): Necessity for larval export? Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science,
68(3-4): 600-608.
FALEIRO, F.; NARCISO, L. 2009 Brachionus vs Artemia duel: Optimizing first feeding of U p o g e b i a pusilla (Decapoda: Thalassinidea) larvae. Aquaculture, 295(3-4): 205-208.
GOES, P.; BRANCO, J.O.; PINHEIRO, M.A.A.; BARBIERI, E.; COSTA, D.; LOUREIRO FERNANDES, L. 2010 Bioecology of the Uçácrab, Ucides cordatus (LINNAEUS, 1763), in Vitória Bay, Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 58(2): 153-163.
GUERRA, R.S.; NASCIMENTO, M.M.F.; MIESCH,S.; NAJAFZADEH, M.J.; RIBEIRO, R.O.;OSTRENSKY, A. DE HOOG, G.S.; VICENTE,V.A.; BOEGER, W.A. 2013 Black Yeast Biota in the Mangrove, in Search of the Origin of the Lethargic Crab Disease (LCD). Mycopathologia,175(5): 421-430.
HAMASAKI, K.; KATO, S.; MURAKAMI, Y.;DAN, S.; KITADA, S. 2015 Larval growth,development and duration in terrestrial hermit crab. Sexuality and Early Development in Aquatic Organisms, 1(1): 93-107.
HASSAN, A.; HAI, T.N.; CHATTERJI, A.;SUKUMARAN, M. 2011 Preliminary study on the feeding regime of laboratory mud crab larvae, Scylla serrata. World Applied Sciences Journal, 14(11): 1651-1654.
JANKOWSKY, M.; PIRES, J.S.R.; NORDI, N.2006 Contribuição ao manejo reprodutivo do caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus (L. 1762), em Cananéia-SP. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 32(2),221-228.
KOGANE, T.; DAN, S.; HAMASAKI, K. 2007 Improvement of larval rearing technique for mass seed production of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio. Fisheries Science, 73(4): 851í 861.
LAVENS, P.; SORGELOOS, P. 1996 Manual on the production and use of live food for aquaculture.
Rome: FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 361. 295 p.
LEHRBACK, B.D.; NETO, R.R.; BARROSO, G.F.;BERNARDES, M.C. 2016 Fontes de distribuição
da matéria orgí¢nica sedimentar na porção noroeste da baía de Vitória, ES. Brazilian Journal
of Aquatic Science and Technology, 20(1): 79-92.
LUMASAG, G.J.; QUINITIO, E.T.; AGUILAR, R.O.; BALDEVARONA, R.B.; SACLAUSO, C.A. 2007
Ontogeny of feeding apparatus and foregut of mud crab Scylla serrata Forsskal larvae.
Aquaculture Research, 38(14): 1500-1511.
MANN, D.L.; ASAKAWA, T.; PIZZUTTO, M.;KEENAN, C.P.; BROCK, I.J. 2001 Investigation of an Artemia-based Diet for Larvae of the Mud Crab Scylla serrata. Asian Fisheries Science, 14(1):175-184.
MELO, G.A.S. 1996 Manual de identificação dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do Litoral Brasileiro.São Paulo: Plêiade/FAPESP. 603 p.
MORAIS, S.; CONCEIÇÃO, L.E.C.; RíËœNNESTAD, I.; KOVENC, W.; CAHU, C.; ZAMBONINO INFANTE, J.L.; DINIS, M.T. 2007 Dietary neutral lipid level and source in marine fish larvae: effects on digestive physiology and food intake. Aquaculture, 268(1-4): 106-122.
NGHIA, N.T.; WILLE, M.; VANDENDRIESSCHE, S.; THE VINH, Q.; SORGELOOS, P. 2007 Influence
of highly unsaturated fatty acids in live food on larviculture of mud crab Scylla paramamosain
(Estampador 1949) larvae. Aquaculture Research,38(14): 1512-1528.
RODRIGUES, M.D.; HEBLING, N.J. 1989 Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763 (Crustacea, Decapoda).
Complete larval development under laboratory conditions and its systematic position. Revista
Brasileira de Zoologia, 6(1):147-166.
ROMANO, N.; ZENG, C. 2012 Osmoregulation in decapod crustaceans: implications to aquaculture productivity, methods for potential improvement and interactions with e l e v a t e d
ammonia exposure. Aquaculture, 334-337(1):12í 23.
RUSCOE, I.M.; WILLIAMS, G.R.; SHELLEY, C.C.2004 Limiting the use of rotifers to the first zoeal
stage in mud crab (Scylla serrata Forska°l) larval rearing. Aquaculture, 231(1-4): 517í 527.
SILVA, U.A.T; COTTENS, K.; VENTURA, R.;BOEGER, W.A.; OSTRENSKY, A. 2012 Different pathways in the larval development of the crab Ucides cordatus (DECAPODA, Ocypodidae) and their relation with high mortality rates by the end of massive larvicultures. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 32(4): 284-288.
SOUNDARAPANDIAN, P.; ILAVARASAN, N.;VARADHARAJAN, D.; GANGATHARAN,K. 2013 Seed Production of Commercially Important Portunid Crab, Charybdis Feriata (Linnaeus). Journal of Marine Science Researh Development,3(2): 6. [online] URL: https://www.omicsonline.org/seed-productionof-commercially-important-portunid-crabcharybdis-feriata-linnaeus-2155-9910.1000120.php?aid=15236
SOUZA, K.P.M.; COSTA, R.M.; ABRUNHOSA, F.A.;PEREIRA, L.C. 2006 Effects of different diets
on the molt of Ucides cordatus. Boletim do Museo Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 1(3): 97-102.
SUI, L.; WILLE, M.; CHENG, Y.; SORGELOOS,P. 2007 The effect of dietary n-3 HUFA levels
and DHA/EPA ratios on growth, survival and osmotic stress tolerance of Chinese mitten crab
Eriocheir sinensis larvae. Aquaculture, 273(1):139í 150.
SUPRAYUDI, M.A.; TAKEUCHI, T.; HAMASAKI,K.; HIROKAWA, J. 2002 Effect of Artemia feeding schedule and density on the survival and development of larval mud crab Scylla serrata. Fisheries Science, 68(6): 1295í 1303.
TOCHER, D.R.; BELL, J.G.; MCGHEE, F.; DICK,J.R.; FONSECA-MADRIGAL, J. 2003 Effects of dietary lipid level and vegetable oil on fatty acid metabolism in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) over the whole production cycle. Fish Physiology Biochemistry, 29(3): 193-209.
VENTURA, R.; SILVA, U.A.T.; PERBICHE-NEVES,G.; OSTRENSKY, A.; BOEGER, W.A. 2008
Larval cannibalism rates in the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Decapoda: Ocypodidae) under
laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research,39(3): 263-267.
VICENTE, V.A.; ORÉLIS-RIBEIRO,R.; NAJAFZADEH,M.J.; SUN, J.; GUERRA, R.S.; MIESCH, S.; STRENSKY, A.; JACQUES, D.; MEIS, J.F.;KLAASSEN, C.H.; DE HOOG, G.S.; BOEGER,W.A. 2012 Black yeast-like fungi associated with Lethargic Crab Disease (LCD) in the mangroveland crab, Ucides cordatus (Ocypodidae).Veterinary Microbiology, 158(1-2): 109í 122.
food and feeding in the first larval stage of Ucides cordatus cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Decapoda:
Ocypodidae). Revista Ciências Agronômicas,33(2): 5-12.
AL-AIDAROOS, A. 2013 Factors controlling mortality of Red Sea Brachyuran crab larvae in rearing systems. International Journal of Aquatic Science, 4(1): 74-81.
ANGER, K. 2001 The biology of decapod crustacean larvae. Crustacean Issues, vol 14. Lisse: AA
Balkema Publishers. 419 p.
BAYLON, J.C.; BRAVO, M.E.A.; MANINGO, N.C. 2004 Ingestion of Brachionus plicatilis and Artemia salina nauplii by mud crab Scylla serrata larvae. Aquaculture Research, 35(1): 62-70.
BAYLON, J.C. 2009 Appropriate food type, feeding schedule and Artemia density for the zoea larvae of the mud crab, Scylla tranquebarica (Crustacea:Decapoda: Portunidae). Aquaculture, 288(3-4): 190í 195.
BELL, M.V.; TOCHER, D.R. 2009 Biosynthesis o f P o l y u n s a t u r a t e d F a t t y A c i d s i n
Aquatic Ecosystems: General Pathways and New Directions. In: ARTS, M.T.; BRETT, M.T.;
KAINZ, M. Lipids in Aquatic Ecosystems. Springer,New York. p. 281-309.
CASTILHO-WESTPHAL, G.G.; OSTRENSKY, A.;PIE, M.R.; BOEGER, W.A. 2008 Estado da arte das pesquisas com o caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus. Archives of Veterinary S c i e n c e ,13(2): 151-166.
CHRISTOFOLETTI, R.A.; HATTORI, G.Y.;PINHEIRO, M.A.A. 2013 Food selection by a mangrove crab: temporal changes in fasted animals. Hydrobiologia, 702(1):63-72
CLARKE, K.R.; GORLEY, R.N. 2006 PRIMER v6: User Manual/Tutorial. Plymouth: PRIMER-E. 192 p.
COTTENS, K.F.; SILVA, U.A.T.; VENTURA, R.;RAMOS, F.M.; OSTRENSKY A. 2014 Rearing of Ucides cordatus (LINNAEU, 1763) larvae under different light intensities. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 66(5): 1464-1470.
DAVIS, J.A.; WILLE, M.; HECHT, T.; SORGELLOS,P. 2005 Optimal first feed organism for South
African mud crab Scylla serrata (Forksal) larvae. Aquaculture International, 13(3): 187-201.
DIELE, K.; SIMITH, D.J.B. 2006 Salinity tolerance of northern Brazilian mangrove crab larvae, Ucides cordatus (Ocypodidae): Necessity for larval export? Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science,
68(3-4): 600-608.
FALEIRO, F.; NARCISO, L. 2009 Brachionus vs Artemia duel: Optimizing first feeding of U p o g e b i a pusilla (Decapoda: Thalassinidea) larvae. Aquaculture, 295(3-4): 205-208.
GOES, P.; BRANCO, J.O.; PINHEIRO, M.A.A.; BARBIERI, E.; COSTA, D.; LOUREIRO FERNANDES, L. 2010 Bioecology of the Uçácrab, Ucides cordatus (LINNAEUS, 1763), in Vitória Bay, Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 58(2): 153-163.
GUERRA, R.S.; NASCIMENTO, M.M.F.; MIESCH,S.; NAJAFZADEH, M.J.; RIBEIRO, R.O.;OSTRENSKY, A. DE HOOG, G.S.; VICENTE,V.A.; BOEGER, W.A. 2013 Black Yeast Biota in the Mangrove, in Search of the Origin of the Lethargic Crab Disease (LCD). Mycopathologia,175(5): 421-430.
HAMASAKI, K.; KATO, S.; MURAKAMI, Y.;DAN, S.; KITADA, S. 2015 Larval growth,development and duration in terrestrial hermit crab. Sexuality and Early Development in Aquatic Organisms, 1(1): 93-107.
HASSAN, A.; HAI, T.N.; CHATTERJI, A.;SUKUMARAN, M. 2011 Preliminary study on the feeding regime of laboratory mud crab larvae, Scylla serrata. World Applied Sciences Journal, 14(11): 1651-1654.
JANKOWSKY, M.; PIRES, J.S.R.; NORDI, N.2006 Contribuição ao manejo reprodutivo do caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus (L. 1762), em Cananéia-SP. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 32(2),221-228.
KOGANE, T.; DAN, S.; HAMASAKI, K. 2007 Improvement of larval rearing technique for mass seed production of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio. Fisheries Science, 73(4): 851í 861.
LAVENS, P.; SORGELOOS, P. 1996 Manual on the production and use of live food for aquaculture.
Rome: FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 361. 295 p.
LEHRBACK, B.D.; NETO, R.R.; BARROSO, G.F.;BERNARDES, M.C. 2016 Fontes de distribuição
da matéria orgí¢nica sedimentar na porção noroeste da baía de Vitória, ES. Brazilian Journal
of Aquatic Science and Technology, 20(1): 79-92.
LUMASAG, G.J.; QUINITIO, E.T.; AGUILAR, R.O.; BALDEVARONA, R.B.; SACLAUSO, C.A. 2007
Ontogeny of feeding apparatus and foregut of mud crab Scylla serrata Forsskal larvae.
Aquaculture Research, 38(14): 1500-1511.
MANN, D.L.; ASAKAWA, T.; PIZZUTTO, M.;KEENAN, C.P.; BROCK, I.J. 2001 Investigation of an Artemia-based Diet for Larvae of the Mud Crab Scylla serrata. Asian Fisheries Science, 14(1):175-184.
MELO, G.A.S. 1996 Manual de identificação dos Brachyura (caranguejos e siris) do Litoral Brasileiro.São Paulo: Plêiade/FAPESP. 603 p.
MORAIS, S.; CONCEIÇÃO, L.E.C.; RíËœNNESTAD, I.; KOVENC, W.; CAHU, C.; ZAMBONINO INFANTE, J.L.; DINIS, M.T. 2007 Dietary neutral lipid level and source in marine fish larvae: effects on digestive physiology and food intake. Aquaculture, 268(1-4): 106-122.
NGHIA, N.T.; WILLE, M.; VANDENDRIESSCHE, S.; THE VINH, Q.; SORGELOOS, P. 2007 Influence
of highly unsaturated fatty acids in live food on larviculture of mud crab Scylla paramamosain
(Estampador 1949) larvae. Aquaculture Research,38(14): 1512-1528.
RODRIGUES, M.D.; HEBLING, N.J. 1989 Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763 (Crustacea, Decapoda).
Complete larval development under laboratory conditions and its systematic position. Revista
Brasileira de Zoologia, 6(1):147-166.
ROMANO, N.; ZENG, C. 2012 Osmoregulation in decapod crustaceans: implications to aquaculture productivity, methods for potential improvement and interactions with e l e v a t e d
ammonia exposure. Aquaculture, 334-337(1):12í 23.
RUSCOE, I.M.; WILLIAMS, G.R.; SHELLEY, C.C.2004 Limiting the use of rotifers to the first zoeal
stage in mud crab (Scylla serrata Forska°l) larval rearing. Aquaculture, 231(1-4): 517í 527.
SILVA, U.A.T; COTTENS, K.; VENTURA, R.;BOEGER, W.A.; OSTRENSKY, A. 2012 Different pathways in the larval development of the crab Ucides cordatus (DECAPODA, Ocypodidae) and their relation with high mortality rates by the end of massive larvicultures. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 32(4): 284-288.
SOUNDARAPANDIAN, P.; ILAVARASAN, N.;VARADHARAJAN, D.; GANGATHARAN,K. 2013 Seed Production of Commercially Important Portunid Crab, Charybdis Feriata (Linnaeus). Journal of Marine Science Researh Development,3(2): 6. [online] URL: https://www.omicsonline.org/seed-productionof-commercially-important-portunid-crabcharybdis-feriata-linnaeus-2155-9910.1000120.php?aid=15236
SOUZA, K.P.M.; COSTA, R.M.; ABRUNHOSA, F.A.;PEREIRA, L.C. 2006 Effects of different diets
on the molt of Ucides cordatus. Boletim do Museo Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 1(3): 97-102.
SUI, L.; WILLE, M.; CHENG, Y.; SORGELOOS,P. 2007 The effect of dietary n-3 HUFA levels
and DHA/EPA ratios on growth, survival and osmotic stress tolerance of Chinese mitten crab
Eriocheir sinensis larvae. Aquaculture, 273(1):139í 150.
SUPRAYUDI, M.A.; TAKEUCHI, T.; HAMASAKI,K.; HIROKAWA, J. 2002 Effect of Artemia feeding schedule and density on the survival and development of larval mud crab Scylla serrata. Fisheries Science, 68(6): 1295í 1303.
TOCHER, D.R.; BELL, J.G.; MCGHEE, F.; DICK,J.R.; FONSECA-MADRIGAL, J. 2003 Effects of dietary lipid level and vegetable oil on fatty acid metabolism in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) over the whole production cycle. Fish Physiology Biochemistry, 29(3): 193-209.
VENTURA, R.; SILVA, U.A.T.; PERBICHE-NEVES,G.; OSTRENSKY, A.; BOEGER, W.A. 2008
Larval cannibalism rates in the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Decapoda: Ocypodidae) under
laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research,39(3): 263-267.
VICENTE, V.A.; ORÉLIS-RIBEIRO,R.; NAJAFZADEH,M.J.; SUN, J.; GUERRA, R.S.; MIESCH, S.; STRENSKY, A.; JACQUES, D.; MEIS, J.F.;KLAASSEN, C.H.; DE HOOG, G.S.; BOEGER,W.A. 2012 Black yeast-like fungi associated with Lethargic Crab Disease (LCD) in the mangroveland crab, Ucides cordatus (Ocypodidae).Veterinary Microbiology, 158(1-2): 109í 122.
Downloads
Published
2017-06-15
Issue
Section
Scientific Article
