ICHTHYOFAUNA IN THE INNER CONTINENTAL SHELF NEXT TO THE PARANAGUÁ ESTUARINE COMPLEX, SOUTHERN BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2020.46.4.603Keywords:
assemblages;, coastal zone;, seasonality;, abiotic factors.Abstract
The composition and structure of fish assemblages in the inner continental shelf of the Paraná State are affected by cold fronts and the rainfall regime. Data from fishing activities in this region, as well as the analysis of environmental characteristics, are the main tools available for understanding fish dynamics, under influence of increasing human activities. In order to better understand patterns and temporal variations in fish assemblages in the inner continental shelf of the Paraná State, a total of 24 double trawls were performed with an otter trawl between August 2000 and July 2001, in two sampling areas, the North area in front of the northern mouth of the Paranaguá Estuary Complex, and the South area, in front of the Leste beach. A total of 45,277 fish specimens belonging to 35 families and 97 species were caught. Sciaenidae was the most abundant family, with 37.1% of the total number of individuals caught, and with the highest richness (18 species). Statistical analyses evidenced significant differences in environmental characteristics and in fish fauna, and that both areas disturbances were observed in the fish assemblages during the dry and wet season, being more intense in the Southern area, disturbances that would be related to the shrimp fishing present in the two areas sampled in this study.
References
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Cattani, A.P.; Santos, L.O.; Spach, H.L.; Budel, B.R.; Godim-Guanais, J.H.D. 2011. Avaliação da ictiofauna acompanhante da pesca de camarão sete-barbas do Município de Pontal do Paraná, litoral do Paraná, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 37(3): 235-246.
Clarke, K.R.; Warwick, R.W. 2001. Change in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. 2nd ed. Plymouth, UK: PRIMER-E. 176p.
Farré, M.; Tuset, V.M.; Cartes, J.E.; Massutí, E.; Lombarte, A. 2016. Depth-related trends in morphological and functional diversity of demersal fish assemblages in the western Mediterranean Sea. Progress in Oceanography, 147: 22-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.07.006.
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Francisca, M.P.; Hursta, R.J.; McArdleb, B.H.; Baglya, N.W.; Andersona, O.F. 2002. New Zealand demersal fish assemblages. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 65: 215-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020046713411.
Gomes, I.D.; Chaves, P.T. 2006. Ictiofauna integrante da pesca de arrasto camaroeiro no litoral sul do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Bioikos (Campinas), 20: 9-13.
Harrison, T.D.; Whitfield, A.K. 2004. A multi-metric fish index to assess the environmental condition of estuaries. Journal of Fish Biology, 65(3): 683-710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00477.x.
Hixon, M.A.; Jones, G.P. 2005. Competition, predation, and density dependent mortality in demersal marine fish. Ecology, 86(11): 2847-2859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/04-1455.
IUCN í International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. 2018. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Available at: <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Accessed: Nov. 15, 2019.
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Kenchington, E.L.R.; Prena, J.; Gilkinson, K.D.; Gordon Junior, D.C.; Macissac, K.; Bourbonais, C.; Schwinghamer, P.J.; Rowell, T.W.; McKeown, D.L.; Vass, W.P. 2001. Effects of experimental otter trawlling on the macrofauna of a sandy bottom ecosystem on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 58(6): 1043-1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-053.
Lamour, M.R. 2007. Morfodiní¢mica Sedimentar da Desembocadura do Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá í PR. Curitiba. 161f. (Tese de Doutorado. Geologia, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR). Available at: <http://hdl.handle.net/1884/11126>. Accessed: Feb. 20, 2020.
Lokkeborg, S. 2005. Impacts of trawling and scallop dredging on benthic and communities. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 472. Roma: FAO. 58p.
Lo, C.P.; Liu, S.H.; Chao, N.L.; Nunoo, F.K.E.; Mok, H.K.; Chen, W.J. 2015. A multi-gene dataset reveals a tropical New World origin and Early Miocene diversification of croakers (Perciformes: Sciaenidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 88: 132-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.025.
Mahon, R.; Smith, R.W. 1989. Demersal fish assemblages on the Scotian Shelf, northwest Atlantic: Spatial distribution and persistence. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 46(S1): 134-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-285.
Marone, E.; Jamiyanaa, D. 1997. Tides and tidal modelling in the Paranaguá Bay, PR. Neritica, 11(1): 95-108.
Mesquita, A.R.; Harari, J. 2003. On the harmonic constants of tides and tidal currents of the South-eastern Brazilian shelf. Continental Shelf Research, 23(11-13): 1227-1237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(03)00107-9.
Moraes, L.L.E.; Romero, R.; Rocha, G.R.A.; Moura, R.L. 2009. Demersal ichthyofauna of the inner continental shelf off Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 9(4): 163-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032009000400016.
Muto, E.Y.; Soares, L.S.H.; Rossi-Wongtschowski, C.L.D.B. 2000. Demersal fish assemblage off São Sebastião, southeastern Brasil: structure and environmental conditioning factors (summer 1994). Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia, 48(1): 9-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-77392000000100002.
Nóbrega, M.F.; José, J.G.; Rufener, M.C.; Oliveira, J.E.L. 2019. Demersal fishes of the northeast Brazilian continental shelf: Spatial patterns and their temporal variation. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 27: 100534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2019.100534.
Noernberg, M.A. 2001. Processos morfodiní¢micos no Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá í Paraná í Brasil: um estudo a partir de dados in situ e LANDSAT í TM. Curitiba. 195 f. (Tese de Doutorado. Geologia, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR). Available at: <https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/handle/1884/48786>. Accessed: Mar. 20, 2020.
Páez, Y.C.; Aguilar-Betancourt, C.M.; González-Sansón, G.; Rodríguez, F.N.; Gray, M. 2018. Sediment granulometry and salinity drive spatial and seasonal variability of an estuarine demersal fish assemblage dominated by juvenile fish. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 212: 241-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2018.07.019.
Santos, C. 2006. Comunidade de peixes demersais e ciclo reprodutivo de quatro espécies da família Sciaenidae na plataforma interna entre Superagui e praia de Leste, PR. Curitiba. 142f. (Tese de Doutorado. Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR). Available at: <https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/handle/1884/5927>. Accessed: Feb. 05, 2020.
Santos, L.O.; Cattani, A.P.; Spach, H.L. 2016. Ictiofauna acompanhante da pesca de arrasto para embarcações acima de 45 hp no litoral do Paraná, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 42(4): 816-830. http://dx.doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2016v42n4p816.
Schwinghamer, P.; Gordon Junior, D.C.; Rowell, T.W.; Prena, J.; McKeown, D.L.; Sonnichsen, G.; Guiné, J.Y. 1998. Effects of experimental otter trawling on superficial sediment properties of a sandy-bottom ecosystem on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Conservation Biology, 12(6): 1215-1222. Available at: <https://www.jstor.org/stable/2989839> Accessed: Apr. 20, 2020.
Sielski, L.H.; Angulo, R.J.; Souza, M.C.; Veiga, F.A. 2017. Surficial sediments of the Paraná inner continental shelf, southern Brazil. Surficial sediments of the Paraná inner continental shelf, southern Brazil. Quaternary and Environmental Geosciences, 8(2): 22-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/abequa.v8i2.52334.
Silva Junior, C.A.B.; Araújo, M.E.; Feitosa, C.V. 2013. Sustainability of capture of fish bycatch in the prawn trawling in northeastern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 11(1): 133-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252013000100016.
Spier, D.; Gerum, H.L.N.; Contente, R.; Mattos, N.A.S.; Vilar, C.C.; Spach, H.L. 2018. Ichthyofauna of the inner shelf of Paraná, Brazil: checklist, geographic distribuition, economic importance and conservation status. Biota Neotropica, 18(2): 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2017-0385.
Stearns, S.C.; Crandall, R. 1984. Plasticity for age and size at sexual maturity: A life-history response to unavoidable stress. In: Potts, G.W.; Wootton, R.J. (Eds.). Fish reproduction: strategies and tactics. London: Academic Press. p. 13-33.
Suuronen, P. 2005. Mortality of fish escaping trawl gears. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 478. Roma: FAO. 72p.
Tableau, A.; Brind’Amour, A.; Woillez, M.; Le Bris, H. 2016. Influence of food availability on the spatial distribution of juvenile fish within soft sediment nursery habitats. Journal of Sea Research, 111: 76-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.12.004.
Tu, C.Y.; Tian, Y.; Hsieh, C.H. 2015. Effects of climate on temporal variation in the abundance and distribution of the demersal fish assemblage in the Tsushima Warm Current region of the Japan Sea. Fisheries Oceanography, 24(2): 177-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fog.12101.
Veiga, F.A. 2005. Processos morfodiní¢micos e sedimentológicos na Plataforma Continental rasa Paranaense. Curitiba. 193f. (Tese de Doutorado. Geologia Ambiental, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR). Available at: <https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/handle/1884/4652>. Accessed: Jun. 17, 2020.
Veiga, F.A.; Ângulo, R.J.; Marone, E.; Brandini, F.P. 2004. Características sedimentológicas da plataforma continental interna rasa na porção central do litoral paranaense. Boletim Paranaense de Geociências, 55: 67-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/geo.v55i0.4285.
Vianna, M.; Costa, F.E.S.; Ferreira, C.N. 2004. Lengthweight relationship of fish caught as by-catch by shrimp fishery in the Southeastern coast of Brazil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 30(1): 81-85.
Whitfield, A.K.; Elliott, M. 2002. Fishes as indicators of environment and ecological changes within estuaries: a review of progress and some suggestions for the future. Journal of Fish Biology, 61(sA): 229-250. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb01773.x.
Zacharias, M.A.; Roff, J.C. 2001. Explanations of patterns of intertidal diversity at regional scales. Journal of Biogeography, 28(4): 471-483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00559.x.
Andriguetto Filho, J.M. 1999. Sistemas técnicos de pesca e suas diní¢micas de transformação no litoral do Paraná, Brasil. Curitiba. 242 f. (Tese de Doutorado. Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR). Available at: <http://www.doutmeio.ufpr.br/teses/Jose_Milton_Andriguetto.pdf> Accessed: Apr. 20, 2020.
Barletta, M.; Corrêa, M.F.M. 1992. Guia para identificação de peixes da costa do Brasil. Curitiba: Editora UFPR. 131p.
Branco, J.O.; Verani, J.R. 2006. Pesca do camarão sete barbas e sua fauna acompanhante, na Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha, SC. In: Branco, J.O.; Marenzi, A.W.C. (orgs). Bases ecológicas para um desenvolvimento sustentável: estudos de casos em Penha, SC. Itajaí, SC: Editora da UNIVALI, pp.153-170.
Brandini, F.P. 1990. Hydrography and characteristics of the phytoplankton in shelf and oceanic waters off southeastern Brazil during winter (july/august-1982) and summer (February/March-1984). Hydrobiologia, 196(2): 111-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006105.
Cattani, A.P.; Santos, L.O.; Spach, H.L.; Budel, B.R.; Godim-Guanais, J.H.D. 2011. Avaliação da ictiofauna acompanhante da pesca de camarão sete-barbas do Município de Pontal do Paraná, litoral do Paraná, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 37(3): 235-246.
Clarke, K.R.; Warwick, R.W. 2001. Change in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. 2nd ed. Plymouth, UK: PRIMER-E. 176p.
Farré, M.; Tuset, V.M.; Cartes, J.E.; Massutí, E.; Lombarte, A. 2016. Depth-related trends in morphological and functional diversity of demersal fish assemblages in the western Mediterranean Sea. Progress in Oceanography, 147: 22-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.07.006.
Figueiredo, J.L. 1977. Manual de peixes Marinhos do Sudeste do Brasil. I. Introdução. Cações, raias e quimeras. São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. 104p.
Figueiredo, J.L.; Menezes, N.A. 1978. Manual de Peixes Marinhos do Sudeste do Brasil. II. Teleostei (1). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. 110p.
Figueiredo, J.L.; Menezes, N.A. 1980. Manual de Peixes Marinhos do Sudeste do Brasil. III. Teleostei (2). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. 90p.
Figueiredo, J.L.; Menezes, N.A. 2000. Manual de Peixes Marinhos do Sudeste do Brasil. VI. Teleostei (5). São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. 104p.
Francisca, M.P.; Hursta, R.J.; McArdleb, B.H.; Baglya, N.W.; Andersona, O.F. 2002. New Zealand demersal fish assemblages. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 65: 215-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020046713411.
Gomes, I.D.; Chaves, P.T. 2006. Ictiofauna integrante da pesca de arrasto camaroeiro no litoral sul do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Bioikos (Campinas), 20: 9-13.
Harrison, T.D.; Whitfield, A.K. 2004. A multi-metric fish index to assess the environmental condition of estuaries. Journal of Fish Biology, 65(3): 683-710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00477.x.
Hixon, M.A.; Jones, G.P. 2005. Competition, predation, and density dependent mortality in demersal marine fish. Ecology, 86(11): 2847-2859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/04-1455.
IUCN í International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. 2018. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Available at: <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Accessed: Nov. 15, 2019.
Jones, K.M.M.; Fitzgerald, D.G.; Sale, P.F. 2002. Comparative ecology of marine fish communities. In: Hart, P.J.B.; Reynolds, J.D. (eds). Handbook of fish biology and fisheries, Fish Biology. United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing. p. 341-358.
Kenchington, E.L.R.; Prena, J.; Gilkinson, K.D.; Gordon Junior, D.C.; Macissac, K.; Bourbonais, C.; Schwinghamer, P.J.; Rowell, T.W.; McKeown, D.L.; Vass, W.P. 2001. Effects of experimental otter trawlling on the macrofauna of a sandy bottom ecosystem on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 58(6): 1043-1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-053.
Lamour, M.R. 2007. Morfodiní¢mica Sedimentar da Desembocadura do Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá í PR. Curitiba. 161f. (Tese de Doutorado. Geologia, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR). Available at: <http://hdl.handle.net/1884/11126>. Accessed: Feb. 20, 2020.
Lokkeborg, S. 2005. Impacts of trawling and scallop dredging on benthic and communities. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 472. Roma: FAO. 58p.
Lo, C.P.; Liu, S.H.; Chao, N.L.; Nunoo, F.K.E.; Mok, H.K.; Chen, W.J. 2015. A multi-gene dataset reveals a tropical New World origin and Early Miocene diversification of croakers (Perciformes: Sciaenidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 88: 132-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.025.
Mahon, R.; Smith, R.W. 1989. Demersal fish assemblages on the Scotian Shelf, northwest Atlantic: Spatial distribution and persistence. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 46(S1): 134-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-285.
Marone, E.; Jamiyanaa, D. 1997. Tides and tidal modelling in the Paranaguá Bay, PR. Neritica, 11(1): 95-108.
Mesquita, A.R.; Harari, J. 2003. On the harmonic constants of tides and tidal currents of the South-eastern Brazilian shelf. Continental Shelf Research, 23(11-13): 1227-1237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(03)00107-9.
Moraes, L.L.E.; Romero, R.; Rocha, G.R.A.; Moura, R.L. 2009. Demersal ichthyofauna of the inner continental shelf off Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 9(4): 163-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032009000400016.
Muto, E.Y.; Soares, L.S.H.; Rossi-Wongtschowski, C.L.D.B. 2000. Demersal fish assemblage off São Sebastião, southeastern Brasil: structure and environmental conditioning factors (summer 1994). Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia, 48(1): 9-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-77392000000100002.
Nóbrega, M.F.; José, J.G.; Rufener, M.C.; Oliveira, J.E.L. 2019. Demersal fishes of the northeast Brazilian continental shelf: Spatial patterns and their temporal variation. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 27: 100534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2019.100534.
Noernberg, M.A. 2001. Processos morfodiní¢micos no Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá í Paraná í Brasil: um estudo a partir de dados in situ e LANDSAT í TM. Curitiba. 195 f. (Tese de Doutorado. Geologia, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR). Available at: <https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/handle/1884/48786>. Accessed: Mar. 20, 2020.
Páez, Y.C.; Aguilar-Betancourt, C.M.; González-Sansón, G.; Rodríguez, F.N.; Gray, M. 2018. Sediment granulometry and salinity drive spatial and seasonal variability of an estuarine demersal fish assemblage dominated by juvenile fish. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 212: 241-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2018.07.019.
Santos, C. 2006. Comunidade de peixes demersais e ciclo reprodutivo de quatro espécies da família Sciaenidae na plataforma interna entre Superagui e praia de Leste, PR. Curitiba. 142f. (Tese de Doutorado. Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR). Available at: <https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/handle/1884/5927>. Accessed: Feb. 05, 2020.
Santos, L.O.; Cattani, A.P.; Spach, H.L. 2016. Ictiofauna acompanhante da pesca de arrasto para embarcações acima de 45 hp no litoral do Paraná, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 42(4): 816-830. http://dx.doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2016v42n4p816.
Schwinghamer, P.; Gordon Junior, D.C.; Rowell, T.W.; Prena, J.; McKeown, D.L.; Sonnichsen, G.; Guiné, J.Y. 1998. Effects of experimental otter trawling on superficial sediment properties of a sandy-bottom ecosystem on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Conservation Biology, 12(6): 1215-1222. Available at: <https://www.jstor.org/stable/2989839> Accessed: Apr. 20, 2020.
Sielski, L.H.; Angulo, R.J.; Souza, M.C.; Veiga, F.A. 2017. Surficial sediments of the Paraná inner continental shelf, southern Brazil. Surficial sediments of the Paraná inner continental shelf, southern Brazil. Quaternary and Environmental Geosciences, 8(2): 22-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/abequa.v8i2.52334.
Silva Junior, C.A.B.; Araújo, M.E.; Feitosa, C.V. 2013. Sustainability of capture of fish bycatch in the prawn trawling in northeastern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 11(1): 133-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252013000100016.
Spier, D.; Gerum, H.L.N.; Contente, R.; Mattos, N.A.S.; Vilar, C.C.; Spach, H.L. 2018. Ichthyofauna of the inner shelf of Paraná, Brazil: checklist, geographic distribuition, economic importance and conservation status. Biota Neotropica, 18(2): 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2017-0385.
Stearns, S.C.; Crandall, R. 1984. Plasticity for age and size at sexual maturity: A life-history response to unavoidable stress. In: Potts, G.W.; Wootton, R.J. (Eds.). Fish reproduction: strategies and tactics. London: Academic Press. p. 13-33.
Suuronen, P. 2005. Mortality of fish escaping trawl gears. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 478. Roma: FAO. 72p.
Tableau, A.; Brind’Amour, A.; Woillez, M.; Le Bris, H. 2016. Influence of food availability on the spatial distribution of juvenile fish within soft sediment nursery habitats. Journal of Sea Research, 111: 76-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.12.004.
Tu, C.Y.; Tian, Y.; Hsieh, C.H. 2015. Effects of climate on temporal variation in the abundance and distribution of the demersal fish assemblage in the Tsushima Warm Current region of the Japan Sea. Fisheries Oceanography, 24(2): 177-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fog.12101.
Veiga, F.A. 2005. Processos morfodiní¢micos e sedimentológicos na Plataforma Continental rasa Paranaense. Curitiba. 193f. (Tese de Doutorado. Geologia Ambiental, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR). Available at: <https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/handle/1884/4652>. Accessed: Jun. 17, 2020.
Veiga, F.A.; Ângulo, R.J.; Marone, E.; Brandini, F.P. 2004. Características sedimentológicas da plataforma continental interna rasa na porção central do litoral paranaense. Boletim Paranaense de Geociências, 55: 67-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/geo.v55i0.4285.
Vianna, M.; Costa, F.E.S.; Ferreira, C.N. 2004. Lengthweight relationship of fish caught as by-catch by shrimp fishery in the Southeastern coast of Brazil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 30(1): 81-85.
Whitfield, A.K.; Elliott, M. 2002. Fishes as indicators of environment and ecological changes within estuaries: a review of progress and some suggestions for the future. Journal of Fish Biology, 61(sA): 229-250. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb01773.x.
Zacharias, M.A.; Roff, J.C. 2001. Explanations of patterns of intertidal diversity at regional scales. Journal of Biogeography, 28(4): 471-483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00559.x.
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2021-04-09
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