Transport simulation of Brazilian sardine Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2024.50.e856

Keywords:

Transporting live fish, Clupeidae, Ammonia, Low-trophic level species

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the ideal density to use in transport operations for Brazilian sardines Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879). For this purpose, 4,020 juveniles S. brasiliensis (0.51 ± 0.10 g and 3.89 ± 0.32 cm) were randomly distributed in 60L-polyethylene bags filled with 20 L of water (salinity 35 g/kg) at densities of 15, 10, 5, 2.5 and 1 g∙L-1, all in triplicate. The transport bags were inflated with pure oxygen (about ⅔) and sealed with elastic bands. The duration of the simulated transport was 24 h. Then, survival rate, as well as analyses of water quality, was performed. The results showed that density had considerable influence on survival and water quality. At the density of 15 g∙L-1 dissolved oxygen reached 0.0 mg∙L-1, causing 100% mortality at the end of the experiment, while the density of 10 g∙L-1 showed a higher amount of N-NH3 in the water. Survival was the same at densities below 10 g∙L-1. Densities ≤ 10 g∙L-1 are recommended for the transport of S. brasiliensis lasting up to 24 h.

References

Amend, D.F.; Croy, T.R.; Goven, B.A.; Johnson, K.A.; McCarthy, D.H. 1982. Transportation of fish in closed systems: methods to control ammonia, carbon dioxide, pH, and bacterial growth. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 111(5): 603-611. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488659(1982)111%3C603:TOFICS%3E2.0.CO;2

Angelo, M.; Lisboa, M.K.; Magnotti, C.; Pilotto, M.R.; Mattos, J.J.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2021. Temperature influence on the initial development of Sardinella brasiliensis larvae. Aquaculture Research, 52(12): 6497-6503. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.15517

Baloi, M.; de Carvalho, C.V.; Sterzelecki, F.C.; Passini, G.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2016. Effects of feeding frequency on growth, feed efficiency and body composition of juveniles Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindacher 1879). Aquaculture Research, 47(2): 554-560. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12514

Baloi, M.F.; Magnotti, C.C.F.; Carneiro Sterzelecki, F.; Vieira Rodrigues, R.; Ronzani Cerqueira, V. 2017a. Acute toxicity of ammonia in juvenile Brazilian sardine Sardinella brasiliensis. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 43(1): 135-139. https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2017v43n1p135

Baloi, M.F.; Sterzelecki, F.C.; Sugai, J.K.; Passini, G.; Carvalho, C.V.A.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2017b. Growth performance, body composition and metabolic response to feeding rates in juvenile Brazilian sardine Sardinella brasiliensis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 23(6): 1458-1466. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12521

Berka, R. (1986). The transport of live fish: a review. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Boyd, C. E. (2020). Dissolved Oxygen and Other Gases. In: Water Quality. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_7

Broom, D.M. (2008). The welfare of livestock during road transport. In: Long distance transport and welfare of farm animals. Wallingford: CABI. p. 157-181. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845934033.0157

Cergole, M.C.; Dias-Neto, J. 2011. Management plan for the sustainable use of sardines Sardinella brasiliensis in Brazil. Brasília: Ibama.

Cerqueira, V.R.; Carvalho, C.V.C.; Sanches, E.G.; Passini, G.; Baloi, M.; Rodrigues, R.V. 2017. Manejo de reprodutores e controle da reprodução de peixes marinhos da costa brasileira. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, 41(1): 94-102.

Cerqueira, V.R.; Sterzelecki, F.; Baloi, M.; Magnotti, C.; Cipriano, F.S.; Manzoni, G. 2020. Cultivo da sardinhaverdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis). In: Baldisserotto, B. (Ed.). Espécies nativas para piscicultura no Brasil. São Paulo: FGV Editora. p. 57-72.

Faust, M.; Owatari, M.S.; Almeida, M.V.S.; Leite dos Santos, A.; Martins, W.; Vicente, L.R.M.; Jatobá, A. 2023. Technical Note Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves survival after thermal and osmotic challenge during sexual reversal of postlarvae Nile Tilapia. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 85(3): 271-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/naaq.10298

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 2022. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022. Towards Blue Transformation. Rome: FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0461en

Grøttum, J.A.; Staurnes, M.; Sigholt, T. 1997. Effect of oxygenation, aeration and pH control on water quality and survival of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), kept at high densities during transport. Aquaculture Research, 28(2): 159-164. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1997.00842.x

Jarboe, H.H. 1995. Diel dissolved oxygen consumption and total ammonia nitrogen production by fingerling channel catfish following feeding at different times. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 57(2): 156-160. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1995)057%3C0156:DDOCAT%3E2.3.CO;2

King, H.R. 2009. Fish transport in the aquaculture sector: An overview of the road transport of Atlantic salmon in Tasmania. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 4(4): 163-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2008.09.034

Magnotti, C.; Sterzelecki, F.; Cipriano, F.; Pedrotti, F.; Rocha, V.; Freitas, G.L.; Cerqueira, V. 2020. Spontaneous spawning of Brazilian sardine in captivity. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 46(1): e539. https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2020.46.1.539

Owatari, M.S.; Magnotti, C.; Vargas, J.H.; de Carvalho, C.V.A.; Sterzelecki, F.C.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2023. Influence of salinity on growth and survival of juvenile Sardinella brasiliensis. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 49: e808. https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2023.49.e808

Owatari, M.S.; Sterzelecki, F.C.; da Silva, C.S.; Magnotti, C.; Mouriño, J.L.P.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2020. Amyloodiniosis in farmed Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879): Case report of successful therapeutic control with copper sulfate. Parasitology International, 76: 102091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2020.102091

Passini, G.; Da Silva, L.A.R.; De Carvalho, C.V.A.; Sterzeleck, F.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2013. Resultados preliminares das primeiras desovas da sardinha-verdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis). In: Reunião Científica do Instituto de Pesca, 11, 2013, São Paulo, SP. Anais. São Paulo: Instituto de Pesca, 2013. p. 146-148.

Rossi-Wongtschowski, C.L. del B.; Clemmesen, C.; Ueberschär, B.; Dias, J.F. 2003. Larval condition and growth of Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879): preliminar results from laboratory studies. Scientia Marina, 67(1): 13-23. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2003.67n113

Sampaio, F.D.; Freire, C.A. 2016. An overview of stress physiology of fish transport: changes in water quality as a function of transport duration. Fish and Fisheries, 17(4): 1055-1072. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12158

Schroeder, R.; Schwingel, P.R.; Pinto, E.; Almeida, A.; Correia, A.T. 2022. Stock structure of the Brazilian sardine Sardinella brasiliensis from Southwest Atlantic Ocean inferred from otolith elemental signatures. Fisheries Research, 248: 106192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2021.106192

Smith, A.D.; Brown, C.J.; Bulman, C.M.; Fulton, E.A.; Johnson, P.; Kaplan, I.C.; Lozano-Montes, H.; Mackinson, S.; Marzloff, M.; Shannon, L.J.; Shin, Y.; Tam, J. 2011. Impacts of fishing low–trophic level species on marine ecosystems. Science, 333(6046): 1147-1150. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1209395

Sterzelecki, F.C.; dos Santos Cipriano, F.; Vasconcelos, V.R.; Sugai, J.K.; Mattos, J.J.; Derner, R.B.; Magnotti, C.F.; Lopes, R.G.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2021b. Minimum rotifer density for best growth, survival and nutritional status of Brazilian sardine larvae, Sardinella brasiliensis. Aquaculture, 534: 736264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736264

Sterzelecki, F.C.; Sugai, J.K.; Baloi, M.; Passini, G.; de Carvalho, C.V.A.; Fracalossi, D.M.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2017. Effect of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth, digestive enzyme and blood metabolites of juvenile Brazilian sardines, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879). Aquaculture Research, 48(9): 5111-5121. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13330

Sterzelecki, F.C.; Sugai, J.K.; Baloi, M.; Passini, G.; de Carvalho, C.V.A.; Fracalossi, D.M.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2018. Effects of increasing protein level on the performance, enzyme activity and body composition of the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879). Aquaculture Nutrition, 24(1): 366-374. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12567

Sterzelecki, F.C.; Sugai, J.K.; Mattos, J.J.; Derner, R.B.; Pedrotti, F.S.; Magnotti, C.F.; Lopes, R.G.; Cerqueira, V.R. 2021b. Live diet for first feeding of Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879), larvae in captivity. Aquaculture Research, 52(11): 5558-5565. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.15431

Vanderzwalmen, M.; Eaton, L.; Mullen, C.; Henriquez, F.; Carey, P.; Snellgrove, D.; Sloman, K.A. 2019. The use of feed and water additives for live fish transport. Reviews in Aquaculture, 11(1): 263-278. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12239

Downloads

Published

2024-06-28

Issue

Section

Short Communication

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2