Bacterioplankton and abiotic variables as indicators of water quality in shrimp ponds of the tropical region (Northeastern, Brazil)
Keywords:
heterotrophic bacteria, shrimp farming, eutrophic environments, generalized linear modelAbstract
This work aimed to determine density of the bacterioplankton in two shrimp ponds in Northeastern Brazil during complete cultivate cycles of the Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp, as well as to evaluate correlated variables that influence the water quality and the dynamics of these ecosystems. The study was carried out in two shrimp ponds: one of them with fresh water, and another with marine water. Chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature and transparency were verified. Bacterial densities were determined by fluorescence microscopy. A model of the logarithm of the mean as a linear function of observed covariates was carried out. The result is a generalized linear model with Poisson response and link log. Both ponds, characterized as eutrophic environments, presented high densities of bacterioplankton (0.51 x 108 to 1.72 x 108 org mL-1), and high concentrations of chlorophyll-a and total phosphorus. The study highlights the importance of the adequate management techniques to maintain the water quality in shrimp ponds and its effluents.
References
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BRANCO, C.W.C. e SENNA, P.A.C. 1996 Relations among heterotrophic bactéria, chlrophyll-a, total phytoplankton, total zooplankton and physical and chermical features in the Paranoá reservoir, Brasília, Brasil. Hydrobiologia,Brussels, 337: 171-181.
BUFORD, M. 1997 Phytoplankton dynamics in shrimp ponds. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 28:351-360.
BUFORD, M.A.; THOMPSON, P.J.; McINTOSH, R.P.;BAUMAN, R.H.; PEARSON, D.C. 2003 Nutrient and microbial dynamics in high-intensity, zeroexchange shrimp ponds in Belize. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 219: 393-411.
BUGLIONE C.C.; PEDROTTI, F.; VIEIRA, F.N. 2008 Avaliação de bacteriana e Lactobacillus plantarum frente í infecção experimental por Vibrio harveyi
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HRENOVIC, J.; VILICIC, D.; STILINOVIC, B. 2003 Influence of nutrients and salinity on
heterotrophic and coliform bacteria in the shallow, Karstic Zrmanja estuary (eastern
Adriatic sea). Ekoloji, Izmir, 46: 29-37.
IBAMA - Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis. 2007 Estatísticas da pesca 2007, Brasil, Grandes regiões e unidades da federação. Disponível em: http://www.ibama.gov.br/recursos-pesqueiros/wp-content/files/
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JESPERSEN, A.M. e CHRISTOFFERSEN, K. 1988 Measurements of chlorophyll-a from
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KALINOWSKA, K. 2004 Bacteria, nanoflagellates and ciliates as components of the microbial loop in three lakes of different trophic status. Polish Journal of Ecology, ÅÂomianki, 52: 19-35.
KRUMMENAUER, D.; CAVALLI, R.O.;BALLESTER, E.L.C.; WASIELESKY, W. 2009
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MAYER, J.; DOKULIL, M.Y.; SALBRECHTER, M.;BERGER, M.; POSCH, T.; PFISTER, G.;
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MERCANTE, C.T.J.; CABIANCA, M.A.; SILVA, D.;COSTA, S.V.; ESTEVES, K.E. 2004 Qualidade da água em pesque-pagues da região metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil: Avaliação do processo de eutrofização. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia,Botucatu, 16(1): 95-102.
MERCANTE, C.T.J.; CARMO, C.F.; RODRIGUES,C.J.; OSTI, J.A.S.; MAINARDES PINTO, C.S.;VAZ-DOS-SANTOS, A.M.; TUCCI, A.; DI GENARO, A.C. 2011 Limnologia de viveiro de criação de tilápias no Nilo: avaliação diurna visando boas práticas de manejo. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 37(1): 73-84.
MORIATY, D.J.W. 1997 The role of microorganisms in aquaculture ponds.Aquaculture, Amsterdam,151: 333-349.
NORLAND, S. 1993 The relashionship between biomass and volume of bacteria. In: KEMP, P.F.;SHERR, B.F.; SHERR, E.B.; COLE, J.J. Handbook of methods in aquatic microbial ecology. London: Lewis publishers, p.303-307.
PAULA, G.A. 2010 Modelos de Regressão com apoio computacional. Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 1-403. Disponível em: http://www.ime.usp.br/~giapaula/texto_2010.pdf Acesso em:08 nov. 2011.
POSCH, T.; LOFERER-KRí–íŸBACHER, M;, GAO, G.;ALFREIDER, A.; PERNTHALER, J.; PSENNER,R. 2001 Precision of bacterioplankton biomass determination: a comparison of two fluorescent dyes, an of allometric and linear volume-tocarbon coversion factors. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, Oldendorf/Luhe, 25(1): 55-63.
RODRÍGUEZ, G. 2007 Lecture Notes on Generalized Linear Models. Disponível em: http://data.princeton.edu/wws509/notes/c4.pdf Acesso em: 07 nov. 2011.
SIMON, M. e AZAM, F. 1989 Protein content and protein synthesis rates of planktonic marine bacteria. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 51:201-213.
SIMON, M.; TILZER, M.M.; MULLER, H. 1998 Bacterioplankton dynamics in a large
mesotrophic lake: I. abundance, production and growth control. Archiv für Hydrobiologie,Stuttgart, 143(4): 385-407.
SIPAíÅ¡BA-TAVARES, L.H.; GOMES, J.PF. dos S.;BRAGA, F.M. de S. 2003 Effect of liming
management on the water quality in Colossoma macropomum ("Tambaquiâ€Â), ponds. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, Botucatu, 15(3): 95-103.
SODRÉ-NETO, L. e ARAíÅ¡JO, M.F.F. 2008 Spatial and temporal fluctuations in bacterioplankton and correlated abiotic variables in eutrophic environments of the Brazilian semi-arid region.Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, Botucatu, 20(4):325-331.
TADANO, Y.S.; UGAYA, C.M.L.; FRANCO, A.T.2009 Método de Regressão de Poisson:
Metodologia para avaliação do impacto da poluição atmosférica na saúde populacional. Ambiente & Sociedade, Campinas, 12(2): 241-255.
TURKMAN, M.A.A. e SILVA, G.L. 2000 Modelos Lineares Generalizados í da teoria í prática. Lisboa,1-153. Disponível em: http://docentes.deio.fc.ul.pt/maturkman/mlg.pdf Acesso em: 07 nov.2011.
VALDERRAMA, J.C. 1995 Methods in nutrients analysis. In: HALLEGRAEFF, G.M.;
ANDERSON, D.M.; CEMBELLA, A.D. Manual of harmful marine microalgae. Unesco, IOC Manuals and Guides, 33: 251í 568
VANDERZANT, C.; NICKELSON, R.; JUDKINS,P.W. 1971 Microbial flora of pond- reared brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus). American Society for Microbiology, U.S.A., 21(5): 916-921.
WANG, Y.; XU, Z.; XIA, M. 2005 The effectiveness of commercial probiotics in northern wuite shrimp Penaeus vannamei ponds. Fisheries Science,Tóquio, 71: 1036-1041.
BARIK, S.K.; PURUSHOTHAMAN, C.S.; MOHANTY, A.N. 2001 Phosphatase activity
with reference to bacteria and phosphorus in tropical freshwater aquaculture pond systems.Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 32: 819-832.
BERNHARD, A.N.; DONN, T.; GIBLIN, A.E.;STAHL, D.A. 2005 Loss of diversity of ammoniaoxidizing bacteria correlates with increasing salinity in a estuary system. Environmental Microbiology, Whashington, 7: 1289-1297.
BOUVY, M.; PAGANO, M.; TROSSELLIER, M. 2001 Effects of a cyanobacterial bloom
(Cylindrospermospsis raciborskii) on bacterial and zooplankton communities in Ingazeira resevoir (northeast Brazil). Aquatic Microbial Ecology,Oldendorf/Luhe, 25: 215-227.
BOYD, C.E. e FAST, A.W. 1992 Pond monitoring and management. Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science, Amsterdam, 23: 497-513.
BRANCO, C.W.C. e SENNA, P.A.C. 1996 Relations among heterotrophic bactéria, chlrophyll-a, total phytoplankton, total zooplankton and physical and chermical features in the Paranoá reservoir, Brasília, Brasil. Hydrobiologia,Brussels, 337: 171-181.
BUFORD, M. 1997 Phytoplankton dynamics in shrimp ponds. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 28:351-360.
BUFORD, M.A.; THOMPSON, P.J.; McINTOSH, R.P.;BAUMAN, R.H.; PEARSON, D.C. 2003 Nutrient and microbial dynamics in high-intensity, zeroexchange shrimp ponds in Belize. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 219: 393-411.
BUGLIONE C.C.; PEDROTTI, F.; VIEIRA, F.N. 2008 Avaliação de bacteriana e Lactobacillus plantarum frente í infecção experimental por Vibrio harveyi
em pós-larvas de Litopenaeus vannamei. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science,São Paulo, 45: 40-45.
COLE, J.J.; FINDLAY, S.; PACE, M.L. 1988 Bacterial production in freshwater and saltwater ecosystems: A cross-system overview. Marine Ecology Progress Series, Germany, 43: 1-10.
DEMÉTRIO, C.G.B. 2002 Modelos Lineares Generalizados em Experimentação Agronômica. ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba, SP. Disponível em:http://www.dpi.inpe.br/referata/arq/10_Ilka/Apostila.pdf Acesso em 10 nov. 2011.
HRENOVIC, J.; VILICIC, D.; STILINOVIC, B. 2003 Influence of nutrients and salinity on
heterotrophic and coliform bacteria in the shallow, Karstic Zrmanja estuary (eastern
Adriatic sea). Ekoloji, Izmir, 46: 29-37.
IBAMA - Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis. 2007 Estatísticas da pesca 2007, Brasil, Grandes regiões e unidades da federação. Disponível em: http://www.ibama.gov.br/recursos-pesqueiros/wp-content/files/
estatistica_2007.pdf Acesso em: 22 set. 2009.
JESPERSEN, A.M. e CHRISTOFFERSEN, K. 1988 Measurements of chlorophyll-a from
phytoplankton using ethanol as extraction solvent. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Stuttgart, 109:445-454.
JOHNSTON, D.; LOUREY, M.; VAM TIEN, D.; LUU, T.T.; XUAN, T.T. 2002 Water quality and plankton densities in mixed shrimp-mangrove forestry farming systems in Vietnam. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 33: 758-798.
KALINOWSKA, K. 2004 Bacteria, nanoflagellates and ciliates as components of the microbial loop in three lakes of different trophic status. Polish Journal of Ecology, ÅÂomianki, 52: 19-35.
KRUMMENAUER, D.; CAVALLI, R.O.;BALLESTER, E.L.C.; WASIELESKY, W. 2009
Feasibility of pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture in southern Brazil: effects of stocking density and a single or a double CROP management strategy in earthen ponds.Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 41: 240-248
KUTTANAPPILLY, V.L. e SURENDRAM, P.K. 2004 Bacterial microflora with farmed freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) and the aquaculture environment. Aquacultue Research, Oxford, 35: 629-635.
LUCAS, R.; COURTIES, C.; HERBLAND, A.;GOULLETQUER, P.; MARTEAU, A.L.;
LEMONNIER, H. 2010 Eutrophication in a tropical pond: understanding the
bacterioplí¢ncton and phytoplankton dynamics during a vibriosis outbreak using flow cytometric analyses. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,310(1-2): 112-121.
MARKER, A.F.H.; NUSCH, E.A.; RAI, H.; RIEMAN,B. 1980 The measurenments of photophometric pigments in fresh-water and standardization of methods: conclusions and recommendation.Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Stuttgart, 14: 91- 106.
MAYER, J.; DOKULIL, M.Y.; SALBRECHTER, M.;BERGER, M.; POSCH, T.; PFISTER, G.;
KIRSCHNER, A K.T.; VELIMIROV, B.; STEITZ, A.; ULBRICHT, T. 1997 Seasonal successions and trophic relations between phytoplankton,zooplankton, ciliate and bacteria in a hypertrophic shallow lake in Vienna, Austria.Hydrobiologia, Brussels, 342/343: 165-174.
MERCANTE, C.T.J.; CABIANCA, M.A.; SILVA, D.;COSTA, S.V.; ESTEVES, K.E. 2004 Qualidade da água em pesque-pagues da região metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil: Avaliação do processo de eutrofização. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia,Botucatu, 16(1): 95-102.
MERCANTE, C.T.J.; CARMO, C.F.; RODRIGUES,C.J.; OSTI, J.A.S.; MAINARDES PINTO, C.S.;VAZ-DOS-SANTOS, A.M.; TUCCI, A.; DI GENARO, A.C. 2011 Limnologia de viveiro de criação de tilápias no Nilo: avaliação diurna visando boas práticas de manejo. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 37(1): 73-84.
MORIATY, D.J.W. 1997 The role of microorganisms in aquaculture ponds.Aquaculture, Amsterdam,151: 333-349.
NORLAND, S. 1993 The relashionship between biomass and volume of bacteria. In: KEMP, P.F.;SHERR, B.F.; SHERR, E.B.; COLE, J.J. Handbook of methods in aquatic microbial ecology. London: Lewis publishers, p.303-307.
PAULA, G.A. 2010 Modelos de Regressão com apoio computacional. Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 1-403. Disponível em: http://www.ime.usp.br/~giapaula/texto_2010.pdf Acesso em:08 nov. 2011.
POSCH, T.; LOFERER-KRí–íŸBACHER, M;, GAO, G.;ALFREIDER, A.; PERNTHALER, J.; PSENNER,R. 2001 Precision of bacterioplankton biomass determination: a comparison of two fluorescent dyes, an of allometric and linear volume-tocarbon coversion factors. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, Oldendorf/Luhe, 25(1): 55-63.
RODRÍGUEZ, G. 2007 Lecture Notes on Generalized Linear Models. Disponível em: http://data.princeton.edu/wws509/notes/c4.pdf Acesso em: 07 nov. 2011.
SIMON, M. e AZAM, F. 1989 Protein content and protein synthesis rates of planktonic marine bacteria. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 51:201-213.
SIMON, M.; TILZER, M.M.; MULLER, H. 1998 Bacterioplankton dynamics in a large
mesotrophic lake: I. abundance, production and growth control. Archiv für Hydrobiologie,Stuttgart, 143(4): 385-407.
SIPAíÅ¡BA-TAVARES, L.H.; GOMES, J.PF. dos S.;BRAGA, F.M. de S. 2003 Effect of liming
management on the water quality in Colossoma macropomum ("Tambaquiâ€Â), ponds. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, Botucatu, 15(3): 95-103.
SODRÉ-NETO, L. e ARAíÅ¡JO, M.F.F. 2008 Spatial and temporal fluctuations in bacterioplankton and correlated abiotic variables in eutrophic environments of the Brazilian semi-arid region.Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, Botucatu, 20(4):325-331.
TADANO, Y.S.; UGAYA, C.M.L.; FRANCO, A.T.2009 Método de Regressão de Poisson:
Metodologia para avaliação do impacto da poluição atmosférica na saúde populacional. Ambiente & Sociedade, Campinas, 12(2): 241-255.
TURKMAN, M.A.A. e SILVA, G.L. 2000 Modelos Lineares Generalizados í da teoria í prática. Lisboa,1-153. Disponível em: http://docentes.deio.fc.ul.pt/maturkman/mlg.pdf Acesso em: 07 nov.2011.
VALDERRAMA, J.C. 1995 Methods in nutrients analysis. In: HALLEGRAEFF, G.M.;
ANDERSON, D.M.; CEMBELLA, A.D. Manual of harmful marine microalgae. Unesco, IOC Manuals and Guides, 33: 251í 568
VANDERZANT, C.; NICKELSON, R.; JUDKINS,P.W. 1971 Microbial flora of pond- reared brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus). American Society for Microbiology, U.S.A., 21(5): 916-921.
WANG, Y.; XU, Z.; XIA, M. 2005 The effectiveness of commercial probiotics in northern wuite shrimp Penaeus vannamei ponds. Fisheries Science,Tóquio, 71: 1036-1041.
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2018-11-10
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