Uso da macroalga Ulva lactuca para o tratamento de efluente do cultivo de camarão Penaeus vannamei e da tilápia Oreochromis niloticus em sistema de bioflocos com diferentes estratégias de fertilização
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/Palavras-chave:
Ulva lactuca, Biofloco, Biomassa, Insumos, Qualidade de água, SustentabilidadeResumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o crescimento e a absorção de nutrientes da macroalga Ulva lactuca em efluentes do cultivo integrado de camarão (Penaeus vannamei) e tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) em um sistema de bioflocos dominado por bactérias heterotróficas ou quimioautotróficas. O experimento durou 15 dias e foi realizado em seis tanques circulares de 3,5 m3, com aeração constante, desacoplados do sistema de aquicultura multitrófica integrada. Dependendo da estratégia de fertilização, os tratamentos foram dominados por bactérias heterotróficas ou quimioautotróficas. As macroalgas foram estocadas na densidade de 1 g⸱L-1, com três tanques por tratamento. As concentrações iniciais de nitrato e sólidos suspensos totais diferiram significativamente entre os tratamentos. Durante o cultivo, o sistema quimioautotrófico apresentou maior alcalinidade (290,00 ± 36,33 mg CaCO3⸱L-1) e pH (8,40 ± 0,04). O sistema heterotrófico apresentou maiores concentrações de sólidos suspensos totais (303,33 ± 68,25 mg⸱L-1) e taxa de remoção de nitrato de 28%, duas vezes superior à observada no sistema quimioautotrófico. A relação nitrogênio:fósforo no tratamento heterotrófico favoreceu a absorção de nutrientes pelas macroalgas. Os resultados indicam que U. lactuca pode melhorar o aproveitamento de nutrientes em sistemas heterotróficos, contribuindo para o tratamento de efluentes e a sustentabilidade da aquicultura integrada.
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Direitos autorais (c) 2026 Andrezza Carvalho, Navinésia Rungo, Alessandro Pereira Cardozo, Gamze Turan, Luis Henrique Poersch
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