Assessing the potential of partial replacing of Artemia by practical inert diet in the larviculture of the Amazon river prawn
Keywords:
Macrobrachium amazonicum, egg-custard feeds, prawn larvaeAbstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the replacement of Artemia nauplii by egg custard in the final phase of Macrabrachium amazonicum hatchery. The treatments were: AN-IX í larvae were fed Artemia nauplii during all culture and, when they reached stage V, inert diet was added to the feed (control); AN-VII í larvae were fed Artemia nauplii from stage II to stage VI and totally replaced by inert diet from stage VII onwards; AN-V í larvae were fed Artemia nauplii from stage II to stage IV and totally replaced by inert diet from stage V onwards. Larvae were reared in 120-L culture tanks, coupled to biological filters. Larvae largely ingested inert diet when it was the single food available (90-100% of animals showed digestive tract full). Nonetheless, feeding larvae of M. amazonicum with solely inert diet from stage V or VII onward, negatively affect larval development and survival. Productivity drastically decreased from ~60 PL L-1 (control) to ~40 PL L-1 in AN-VII and ~10 PL L-1 in AN-V. The dry mass of the post-larvae declined ~25% in the AN-V and AN-VII. This may be due to low digestibility or nutritional deficiency of the inert diet. Therefore, the complete replacement of Artemia nauplii until stage VII is not recommended for the management of Amazon river prawn larviculture.
References
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ANGER K.; HAYD, L.; KNOTT; J.; NETTELMANN,U. 2009 Patterns of larval growth and chemical composition in the Amazon River prawn,Macrobrachium amazonicum. Aquaculture, 287(3-4):341-348.
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BARROS, H.P. and VALENTI, W.C. 2003 Food intake Macrobrachium rosenbergii during larval development. Aquaculture, 216(1-4): 165-176.
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HAYD, L.A.; LEMOS, D.; VALENTI, W.C. 2014 Effects of ambient nitrite on Amazon river
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MACIEL, C.R. and VALENTI, W.C. 2009 Biology, fisheries, and aquaculture of the Amazon River Prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum: a review.Nauplius, 17(2): 61-79.
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MANZI, J.J.; MADDOX, M.B.; SANDIFER, P.A. 1977 Algal supplement enhancement of
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) larviculture. Proceedings of the World Mariculture Society, 8(1-4):207-223.
MELO, G.A.S. 2003 Manual de identificação dos Crustacea Decapoda de água doce do Brasil. São Paulo. Edições Loyola. 429p.
MORAES-VALENTI, P. and VALENTI, W.C. 2010 Culture of the Amazon river prawn
Macrobrachium amazonicum. In: NEW, M.B.;VALENTI, W.C.; TIDWELL, J.H.; D’ABRAMO, L.R.;KUTTY, M.N. Freshwater prawns: biology and farming. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford. p.485-501.
NAIR, C.M.; SALIN, K.R.; KUMAR, K.A. 2007. Use of Cyclop-eeze as a substitute for Artemia nauplii in larval rearing of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879).Aquaculture Nutrition, 13: 88-93.
OHS, C.L. and D’ABRAMO, L.R. 1998 Evaluation of spray-dried artificial diet for larval culture of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii,and striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4(2): 73-82.
QUEIROZ, L.D.; ABRUNHOSA F.A.; MACIEL C.R.2011 Ontogenesis and functional morphology of the digestive system of the freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium amazonicum (Decapoda:Palaemonidae). Zoologia, 28(3): 395í 402.
SANTOS, E.P.; LEAL, A.L.G.; SILVA, P.M.M.;CORREIA, E.S. 2007 Influência de dietas na
sobrevivência larval do camarão de água doce Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758). Acta Scintiarum. Biological Sciences, 29(2): 121-124.
SILVA, M.C.N.; FRÉDOU, F.L.; SOUTO-FILHO, J. 2007 Estudo do crescimento do camarão Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) da Ilha de Combú, Belém, Estado do Pará. Amazônia. Ciência e Desenvolvimento, 2(4):85-104.
SOLORZANO, L. 1969 Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenyl hypochlorite method. Limnology and Oceanography, 14: 799-801.
STRICKLAND, J.D.H. and PARSONS, T.R. 1972 A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Ottawa: Fisheries Research Board of Canadá. 310p.
TAYAMEN, M. and BROWN, J.H. 1999 A condition index for evaluating larval quality of
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879).Aquaculture Research, 30: 917-922.
VALENTI W.C. and MORAES-RIODADES P.M.C.2004 Fresh- water prawn farming in Brazil. Global Aquaculture Advocate, 7: 52í 53.
VALENTI, W.C., MALLASEN, M.; BARROS, H.P.2009 Sistema de recirculação e rotina de
manejo para larvicultura de camarões de água doce Macrobrachium rosenbergii em pequena escala. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 35(1): 141-151.
VALENCIA, D.M. and CAMPOS, M.R. 2007 Freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) of Colombia. Zootaxa, 1456: 1-44.
VALENTI, W.C. and DANIELS, W.H. 2000 Recirculation hatchery system and management. In: NEW, M.B. and VALENTI, W.C. Freshwater Prawn Culture. Blackwell, Oxford. p.69-90.
VALENTI, W.C. and MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C.2004 Freshwater prawn farming in Brasil. Global Aquaculture Advocate, 7(4): 52-53.
ZAR, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 718p.
ANGER K.; HAYD, L.; KNOTT; J.; NETTELMANN,U. 2009 Patterns of larval growth and chemical composition in the Amazon River prawn,Macrobrachium amazonicum. Aquaculture, 287(3-4):341-348.
AOAC 1995 Official Methods of Analysis. 16th edition.Arlington, VA, USA Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 2000p.
ARAíÅ¡JO, M.C. and VALENTI, W.C. 2007 Feeding habit of the Amazon river prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum larvae. Aquaculture, 265(1-4): 187-193.
BARROS, H.P. and VALENTI, W.C. 2003 Food intake Macrobrachium rosenbergii during larval development. Aquaculture, 216(1-4): 165-176.
DHONT, J.; WILLE, M.; FRINSKO, M.; COYLE, S.D.; SORGELOOS, P. 2010 Larval feeds and feeding. In: NEW, M.B.; VALENTI, W.C.;TIDWELL, J.H.; D’ABRAMO, L.R.; KUTTY, M.N. Freshwater prawns: biology and farming. WileyBlackwell, Oxford. p.86í 107.
GARCIA-ORTEGA, A.; VERRETH, J.A.J.;COUTTEAU, P.; SEGNER, H.; HUISMAN, E.A.;
SORGELOOS, P. 1998 Biochemical and enzymatic characterization of decapsulated cysts and nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia at different developmental stages. Aquaculture, 161:501í 514
GARCIA-ORTEGA, A. and HUISMAN, E.A. 2001 Evaluation of protein quality in microbound starter diets made with decapsulted cysts of Artemia and fishmeal for fish larvae. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 32(3): 317-329.
GHIDALIA, W. 1985 Structural and Biological aspects of pigments. In: BLISS, D.E. and
MANTEL, L.H. The Biology of Crustacea. Academic Press, New York, United States, 9:
p.301-462.
GUEST, W.C. 1979 Laboratory life history of the Palaemonid shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum (HELLER, 1862) (Decapoda, Palaemonidae).Crustaceana, 37(2): 141-151.
HAYD, L.A.; LEMOS, D.; VALENTI, W.C. 2014 Effects of ambient nitrite on Amazon river
prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum larvae. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 45(1): 55-64.
HOLTHUIS, L.B. 1952 A general revision of the Palaemonidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia) of the Americas. II. The subfamily Palaemoninae. Los Angeles í California Occasional Paper 12. The University of Southern California Press - Allan Hancock Foundations Publications. 396p.
JONES, D.A.; YULE, A.B.; HOLLAND, D.L. 1997 Larval nutrition. In: D’ABRAMO, L.R.;
CONKLIN, D.E.; AKIAMA, D.M. Crustacean Nutrition. Advances in World Aquaculture Society,Baton Rouge, LA. p.353-387.
KAMARUDIN, M.S.; JONES, D.A.; VAY, L.; ABIDIN,A.Z. 1994 Ontogenetic change in digestive enzyme activity during larval development of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquaculture, 123(3-4):323-333.
KOVALENKO, E.E.; D’ABRAMO, L.; OHS, C.L.;BUDDINGTON, R.K. 2002 A success full
microbound diet for the larval culture of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquaculture, 210(1-4): 385-395.
LAVENS, P.; THONGROD, S.; SORGELOOS, P. 2000 Larval prawn feed sand dietary importance of Artemia. In: NEW, M.B. and VALENTI, W.C.Freshwater prawn farming: the farming of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Blakwell Science.Oxford. p.91-111.
LIí"˜AN-CABELLO, M.A.; PANIAGUA-MICHEL, J.;HOPKINS, P.M. 2002 Bioactives roles of
carotenoids and retinoids in crustaceans. Aquaculture Nutrition, 8(4): 299-309.
MACIEL, C.R. and VALENTI, W.C. 2009 Biology, fisheries, and aquaculture of the Amazon River Prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum: a review.Nauplius, 17(2): 61-79.
MACIEL, C.R. and VALENTI, W.C. 2012 Effect of tank color on the larviculture of the Amazon river prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum.Aquaculture Research, 1: 10p. [on line]doi:10.1111/are.12048.
MALLASEN, M. and VALENTI, W.C. 1998 Comparison of artificial and natural, new and
reused, brackish water for the larviculture of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a recirculating system. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 29(3): 345-350.
MANZI, J.J.; MADDOX, M.B.; SANDIFER, P.A. 1977 Algal supplement enhancement of
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) larviculture. Proceedings of the World Mariculture Society, 8(1-4):207-223.
MELO, G.A.S. 2003 Manual de identificação dos Crustacea Decapoda de água doce do Brasil. São Paulo. Edições Loyola. 429p.
MORAES-VALENTI, P. and VALENTI, W.C. 2010 Culture of the Amazon river prawn
Macrobrachium amazonicum. In: NEW, M.B.;VALENTI, W.C.; TIDWELL, J.H.; D’ABRAMO, L.R.;KUTTY, M.N. Freshwater prawns: biology and farming. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford. p.485-501.
NAIR, C.M.; SALIN, K.R.; KUMAR, K.A. 2007. Use of Cyclop-eeze as a substitute for Artemia nauplii in larval rearing of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879).Aquaculture Nutrition, 13: 88-93.
OHS, C.L. and D’ABRAMO, L.R. 1998 Evaluation of spray-dried artificial diet for larval culture of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii,and striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4(2): 73-82.
QUEIROZ, L.D.; ABRUNHOSA F.A.; MACIEL C.R.2011 Ontogenesis and functional morphology of the digestive system of the freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium amazonicum (Decapoda:Palaemonidae). Zoologia, 28(3): 395í 402.
SANTOS, E.P.; LEAL, A.L.G.; SILVA, P.M.M.;CORREIA, E.S. 2007 Influência de dietas na
sobrevivência larval do camarão de água doce Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758). Acta Scintiarum. Biological Sciences, 29(2): 121-124.
SILVA, M.C.N.; FRÉDOU, F.L.; SOUTO-FILHO, J. 2007 Estudo do crescimento do camarão Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) da Ilha de Combú, Belém, Estado do Pará. Amazônia. Ciência e Desenvolvimento, 2(4):85-104.
SOLORZANO, L. 1969 Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenyl hypochlorite method. Limnology and Oceanography, 14: 799-801.
STRICKLAND, J.D.H. and PARSONS, T.R. 1972 A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Ottawa: Fisheries Research Board of Canadá. 310p.
TAYAMEN, M. and BROWN, J.H. 1999 A condition index for evaluating larval quality of
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879).Aquaculture Research, 30: 917-922.
VALENTI W.C. and MORAES-RIODADES P.M.C.2004 Fresh- water prawn farming in Brazil. Global Aquaculture Advocate, 7: 52í 53.
VALENTI, W.C., MALLASEN, M.; BARROS, H.P.2009 Sistema de recirculação e rotina de
manejo para larvicultura de camarões de água doce Macrobrachium rosenbergii em pequena escala. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 35(1): 141-151.
VALENCIA, D.M. and CAMPOS, M.R. 2007 Freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) of Colombia. Zootaxa, 1456: 1-44.
VALENTI, W.C. and DANIELS, W.H. 2000 Recirculation hatchery system and management. In: NEW, M.B. and VALENTI, W.C. Freshwater Prawn Culture. Blackwell, Oxford. p.69-90.
VALENTI, W.C. and MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C.2004 Freshwater prawn farming in Brasil. Global Aquaculture Advocate, 7(4): 52-53.
ZAR, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 718p.
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