Behavioral responses of freshwater prawn according to feeding management in mixed and monosex populations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2017v43n4p569Keywords:
ethology, behavior, feeding trays, feed, Malaysia giant prawnAbstract
The effects of two feeding management methods (substrate spreading and feeding tray) were tested for Macrobrachium rosenbergii, evaluating their influence on behavior in mixed (Mi), monosex all-male (Mm) and monosex all-female (Mf) populations. Twelve experimental conditions, totaling 192 animals, with four repetitions each, were performed. Experimental units comprised eight 250 L aquariums (50 x 50 x 100 cm) with soft sand substrate. Behavioral data were collected by focal instantaneous sampling method. Substrate spreading triggered the most extensive behavioral level in all populations under analysis, featuring exploring, auto-grooming, crawling, inactivity, burrowing, agonism, swimming and feed ingestion, and revealed that the animals expressed better their behavior when feed was spread. Exceptionally, burrowing in Mm and agonism in Mf had similar level rates for the two feeding managements. Mf had the highest agonistic level when compared to that in Mm and Mi. Data in current analysis indicate that the spread feeding strategy favors animal welfare in all types of population compositions, except in Mf culture, with high agonistic levels in both forms of feeding management
References
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NUNES, A.J.P.; SANDOVAL, P.F.C. 1997 Dados de produção e qualidade de água de um cultivo
comercial semi-intensivo dos camarões Penaeus subtilis e Penaeus vannamei com a utilização de
bandejas de alimentação. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 24(2): 221-231.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F. 2005 Comportamento de Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) (Crustacea,
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período de 24 horas. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 22(3): 648-652.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F.; MENEZES, A.L.; LIMA, P.P. 2005 Daily activity pattern of the
marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) juveniles under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research, 37(10): 1001-1006.
PRETO, B.L.; PIZZATO, G.M.; VALENTI, W.C. 2008 Uso de bandejas na alimentação na fase de
engorda do camarão-da-amazonia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862). Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 34(1): 125-130.
ROBERTSON, L., LAWRENCE, A.L.; CASTILLE, F.L. 1993 Effect of feeding frequency and feeding
time on growth of Penaeus vannamei (Boone).Aquaculture Research, 24(1): 1-6.
SANTOS, D.B.; PONTES, C.S. 2016 Behavioral Repertoire of the giant freshwater prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) in laboratory. Journal of Animal Behaviour and
Biometeorology, 4(4): 109-115.
SIDDIQUI, A.Q.; AL-HAFEDH, Y.S.; AL-HARBI, A.H.; ALI, A.S. 1997 Effects of stocking density and monosex culture of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii on growth and production in concrete tanks in Saudi Arabia. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 28(1):106í 112.
STRIER, K.B. 2000. Female Strategies. In: STRIER, K.B. Primate behaviour ecology. Allyn and Bacon,
Boston. p. 195-226.
VanMAURIK, L.N., WORTHAM, J.L. 2014 Grooming as a secondary behavior in the shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). ZooKeys, 457(1): 55í 77.
VENTURA, T.; MANOR, R.; AFLALO, E.D.; WEIL, S.; RAVIV, S.; GLAZER, L.; SAGI, A. 2009 Temporal silencing of an androgenic gland-specific insulin-like gene affecting phenotypical gender
differences and spermatogenesis. Endocrinology,150(3): 1278í 1286.
VENTURA, T.; ROSEN, O.; SAGI, A. 2011 From the discovery of the crustacean androgenic gland to
the insulin-like hormone in six decades. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 173(3): 381-388.
VENTURA, T.; SAGI, A. 2012 The insulin-like androgenic gland hormone in crustaceans: From a single gene silencing to a wide array of sexual manipulation-based biotechnologies. Biotechnology Advances, 30(6): 1543-1550.
ZAR, J.H. 1999 Biostatistical analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 663 p.
A. 2014 Neo-females production and all-male progeny of a cross between two Indian strains
of prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii): Population structure and growth performance under different harvest strategies. Aquaculture, 428-429: 7í 15.
BOX, H.O. 2006 Bem estar animal. In: YAMAMOTO, M.E; VOLPATO, G.L. Comportamento Animal.
EDUFRN, Natal. p. 249-270.
CASILLAS-HERNÁNDEZ, R.; MAGALLÓNBARAJAS, F.; PORTILLO-CLARK, G.; PÁEZOSUNA, F. 2006 Nutrient mass balances in semi-intensive shrimp ponds from Sonora, Mexico using two feeding strategies: trays and mechanical dispersal. Aquaculture, 258 (1-4): 289-298.
DALL, W.; HILL, B.J.; ROTHLISBERG, P.C.; STAPLES, D.J. 1990 Biology of the Penaeidae. In:
BLAXTER J.H.S.; SOUTHWARD A.J. Advances in Marine Biology. San Diego: Academic Press. 498 p.
FERO, K.; SIMON, J.L.; JOURDIE, V.; MOORE, P.A. 2007 Consequences of social dominance on
crayfish resource use. Behaviour, 144(1): 61-82.
GONYOU, H. W. 1994. Why the study of animal behavior is associated with the animal welfare
issue. Journal of Animal Science, 72(8): 2171í 2177.
HARPAZ, S. 1997 Enhancement of growth in juvenile freshwater prawns Macrobrachium
rosenbergii through the use of chemoattractant. Aquaculture, 156(3-4): 221-227.
KARPLUS, I. 2005 Social control of growth in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man): a review
and prospects for future research. Aquaculture Research, 36(3): 238-254.
KARPLUS, I.; HULATA, G.; OVADIA, D.; JAFFE, D. 1992 Social control of growth in Macrobrachium
rosenbergii. III. The role of claws in bull-runt interactions. Aquaculture, 105(3-4): 281-296.
LEVY, T.; ROSEN, O.; EILAM, B.; AZULAY, D.; AFLALO, ED.; MANOR, R.; SHECHTER, A.; SAGI, A. 2016 A Single Injection of Hypertrophied Androgenic Gland Cells Produces All-Female Aquaculture. Marine Biotechnology, 18(5): 554-563.
MALECHA, S. 2012 The case for all-female freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man), culture. Aquaculture Research, 43(7): 1038í 1048.
MARTIN, A.L.; MOORE, P.A. 2007 Field observations of agonism in the crayfish, Orconectes
rusticus: shelter use in a natural environment. Ethology, 113(12): 1192-1201.
MARTIN, P.; BATESON, P. 2007 Measuring Behaviour: An Introductory Guide. Cambridge: University Press. 187 p.
MARTINEZ-CORDOVA, L.R.; PORCHASCORNEJO, A.; VILLARREAL-COLMENARES, H.; CALDERON-PEREZ, J.A.; NARANJOPARAMO, J. 1998 Evaluation of Three Feeding Strategies on the Culture of White Shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in low water exchange ponds. Aquaculture Engineering, 17(1): 21-28.
MOLINA-POVEDA, C.; LUCAS, M.; JOVER, M. 2013 Evaluation of the potential of Andean lupin
meal (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) as an alternative to fish meal in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei diets.Aquaculture, 410-411: 148í 156.
NAIR, M.; SALIN, K.R. 2012 Current status and prospects of farming the giant river prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) and the monsoon river prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (H.M. Edwards) in India. Aquaculture Research, 43(7): 999-1014.
NAIR, M.; SALIN, K.R.; RAJU, M.S.; MATHEW, S. 2006 Economic analysis of monosex culture of
giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man): a case study. Aquaculture Research, 37(9): 949-954.
NEW, M.B.; NAIR, C.M. 2012 Global scale of freshwater prawn farming. Aquaculture Research,
43(7): 960-969
NEW, M.B.; VALENTI, W.C.; TIDWELL, J.H.; D’ABRAMO, L.R.; KUTTY, M.N. 2011 Freshwater prawns: biology and farming. Oxford: WileyBlackwell. 511 p.
NUNES, A.J.P.; GODDARD, S.; GESTEIRA, T.C.V. 1996 Feeding activity patterns of the Southern
Brown Shrimp Penaeus subtilis under semiintensive culture in NE Brazil. Aquaculture, 144(4):
371-386.
NUNES, A.J.P.; PARSONS, G.J. 1999 Feeding Levels of the Southern Brown Shrimp Penaeus subtilis in Response to Feed Dispersal. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 30(3): 331-348.
NUNES, A.J.P.; SÁ, M.V.C.; CARVALHO, E.A.; SABRY, H. 2006 Growth performance of the white
shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared under time and rate restriction feeding regimes in a controlled culture system. Aquaculture, 253(1-4): 646-652.
NUNES, A.J.P.; SANDOVAL, P.F.C. 1997 Dados de produção e qualidade de água de um cultivo
comercial semi-intensivo dos camarões Penaeus subtilis e Penaeus vannamei com a utilização de
bandejas de alimentação. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 24(2): 221-231.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F. 2005 Comportamento de Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) (Crustacea,
Decapoda, Penaeidae) em função da oferta do alimento artificial nas fases claras e escuras do
período de 24 horas. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 22(3): 648-652.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F.; MENEZES, A.L.; LIMA, P.P. 2005 Daily activity pattern of the
marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) juveniles under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research, 37(10): 1001-1006.
PRETO, B.L.; PIZZATO, G.M.; VALENTI, W.C. 2008 Uso de bandejas na alimentação na fase de
engorda do camarão-da-amazonia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862). Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 34(1): 125-130.
ROBERTSON, L., LAWRENCE, A.L.; CASTILLE, F.L. 1993 Effect of feeding frequency and feeding
time on growth of Penaeus vannamei (Boone).Aquaculture Research, 24(1): 1-6.
SANTOS, D.B.; PONTES, C.S. 2016 Behavioral Repertoire of the giant freshwater prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) in laboratory. Journal of Animal Behaviour and
Biometeorology, 4(4): 109-115.
SIDDIQUI, A.Q.; AL-HAFEDH, Y.S.; AL-HARBI, A.H.; ALI, A.S. 1997 Effects of stocking density and monosex culture of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii on growth and production in concrete tanks in Saudi Arabia. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 28(1):106í 112.
STRIER, K.B. 2000. Female Strategies. In: STRIER, K.B. Primate behaviour ecology. Allyn and Bacon,
Boston. p. 195-226.
VanMAURIK, L.N., WORTHAM, J.L. 2014 Grooming as a secondary behavior in the shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). ZooKeys, 457(1): 55í 77.
VENTURA, T.; MANOR, R.; AFLALO, E.D.; WEIL, S.; RAVIV, S.; GLAZER, L.; SAGI, A. 2009 Temporal silencing of an androgenic gland-specific insulin-like gene affecting phenotypical gender
differences and spermatogenesis. Endocrinology,150(3): 1278í 1286.
VENTURA, T.; ROSEN, O.; SAGI, A. 2011 From the discovery of the crustacean androgenic gland to
the insulin-like hormone in six decades. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 173(3): 381-388.
VENTURA, T.; SAGI, A. 2012 The insulin-like androgenic gland hormone in crustaceans: From a single gene silencing to a wide array of sexual manipulation-based biotechnologies. Biotechnology Advances, 30(6): 1543-1550.
ZAR, J.H. 1999 Biostatistical analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 663 p.
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2017-12-15
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