Respostas comportamentais do camarão de água doce de acordo com o manejo alimentar em populações mistas e monossexo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2017v43n4p569Palavras-chave:
etologia, comportamento, comedouros, ração, camarão-gigante-da-malásiaResumo
Foram avaliados os efeitos de dois métodos de alimentação (a lanço e em comedouros) e sua influência no comportamento de populações mistas (Mi), monossexo fêmea (Mf) e monossexo macho (Mm) de Macrobrachium rosenbergii nas fases clara e escura do dia. Foram analisadas 12 condições experimentais, com quarto repetições cada uma, totalizando 192 animais observados. As unidades experimentais consistiram em 8 aquários (250 L; 50 x 50 x 100 cm) com substrato de areia fina. Dados comportamentais foram coletados usando método de amostragem focal instantí¢neo. A oferta a lanço, em todas as composições populacionais, induziu a maiores níveis dos comportamentos de exploração, limpeza, enterramento, inatividade, entocamento, agonismo, natação e ingestão de alimento, indicando que os animais encontraram mais oportunidades para expressão de seus comportamentos com o espalhamento da ração. Como exceção, o comportamento de entocamento em Mm e agonismo em Mf foram semelhantes para ambos os tipos de manejo alimentar. O cultivo Mf apresentou maiores níveis de agonismo que Mm e Mi. Neste estudo, os resultados indicam que, em todos os tipos de composição populacional, a alimentação a lanço favoreceu o bem-estar do animal, exceto para o cultivo Mf, o qual apresentou altos níveis de agonismo em ambas as formas da estratégia alimentar.
Referências
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A. 2014 Neo-females production and all-male progeny of a cross between two Indian strains
of prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii): Population structure and growth performance under different harvest strategies. Aquaculture, 428-429: 7í 15.
BOX, H.O. 2006 Bem estar animal. In: YAMAMOTO, M.E; VOLPATO, G.L. Comportamento Animal.
EDUFRN, Natal. p. 249-270.
CASILLAS-HERNÁNDEZ, R.; MAGALLÓNBARAJAS, F.; PORTILLO-CLARK, G.; PÁEZOSUNA, F. 2006 Nutrient mass balances in semi-intensive shrimp ponds from Sonora, Mexico using two feeding strategies: trays and mechanical dispersal. Aquaculture, 258 (1-4): 289-298.
DALL, W.; HILL, B.J.; ROTHLISBERG, P.C.; STAPLES, D.J. 1990 Biology of the Penaeidae. In:
BLAXTER J.H.S.; SOUTHWARD A.J. Advances in Marine Biology. San Diego: Academic Press. 498 p.
FERO, K.; SIMON, J.L.; JOURDIE, V.; MOORE, P.A. 2007 Consequences of social dominance on
crayfish resource use. Behaviour, 144(1): 61-82.
GONYOU, H. W. 1994. Why the study of animal behavior is associated with the animal welfare
issue. Journal of Animal Science, 72(8): 2171í 2177.
HARPAZ, S. 1997 Enhancement of growth in juvenile freshwater prawns Macrobrachium
rosenbergii through the use of chemoattractant. Aquaculture, 156(3-4): 221-227.
KARPLUS, I. 2005 Social control of growth in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man): a review
and prospects for future research. Aquaculture Research, 36(3): 238-254.
KARPLUS, I.; HULATA, G.; OVADIA, D.; JAFFE, D. 1992 Social control of growth in Macrobrachium
rosenbergii. III. The role of claws in bull-runt interactions. Aquaculture, 105(3-4): 281-296.
LEVY, T.; ROSEN, O.; EILAM, B.; AZULAY, D.; AFLALO, ED.; MANOR, R.; SHECHTER, A.; SAGI, A. 2016 A Single Injection of Hypertrophied Androgenic Gland Cells Produces All-Female Aquaculture. Marine Biotechnology, 18(5): 554-563.
MALECHA, S. 2012 The case for all-female freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man), culture. Aquaculture Research, 43(7): 1038í 1048.
MARTIN, A.L.; MOORE, P.A. 2007 Field observations of agonism in the crayfish, Orconectes
rusticus: shelter use in a natural environment. Ethology, 113(12): 1192-1201.
MARTIN, P.; BATESON, P. 2007 Measuring Behaviour: An Introductory Guide. Cambridge: University Press. 187 p.
MARTINEZ-CORDOVA, L.R.; PORCHASCORNEJO, A.; VILLARREAL-COLMENARES, H.; CALDERON-PEREZ, J.A.; NARANJOPARAMO, J. 1998 Evaluation of Three Feeding Strategies on the Culture of White Shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in low water exchange ponds. Aquaculture Engineering, 17(1): 21-28.
MOLINA-POVEDA, C.; LUCAS, M.; JOVER, M. 2013 Evaluation of the potential of Andean lupin
meal (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) as an alternative to fish meal in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei diets.Aquaculture, 410-411: 148í 156.
NAIR, M.; SALIN, K.R. 2012 Current status and prospects of farming the giant river prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) and the monsoon river prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (H.M. Edwards) in India. Aquaculture Research, 43(7): 999-1014.
NAIR, M.; SALIN, K.R.; RAJU, M.S.; MATHEW, S. 2006 Economic analysis of monosex culture of
giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man): a case study. Aquaculture Research, 37(9): 949-954.
NEW, M.B.; NAIR, C.M. 2012 Global scale of freshwater prawn farming. Aquaculture Research,
43(7): 960-969
NEW, M.B.; VALENTI, W.C.; TIDWELL, J.H.; D’ABRAMO, L.R.; KUTTY, M.N. 2011 Freshwater prawns: biology and farming. Oxford: WileyBlackwell. 511 p.
NUNES, A.J.P.; GODDARD, S.; GESTEIRA, T.C.V. 1996 Feeding activity patterns of the Southern
Brown Shrimp Penaeus subtilis under semiintensive culture in NE Brazil. Aquaculture, 144(4):
371-386.
NUNES, A.J.P.; PARSONS, G.J. 1999 Feeding Levels of the Southern Brown Shrimp Penaeus subtilis in Response to Feed Dispersal. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 30(3): 331-348.
NUNES, A.J.P.; SÁ, M.V.C.; CARVALHO, E.A.; SABRY, H. 2006 Growth performance of the white
shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared under time and rate restriction feeding regimes in a controlled culture system. Aquaculture, 253(1-4): 646-652.
NUNES, A.J.P.; SANDOVAL, P.F.C. 1997 Dados de produção e qualidade de água de um cultivo
comercial semi-intensivo dos camarões Penaeus subtilis e Penaeus vannamei com a utilização de
bandejas de alimentação. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 24(2): 221-231.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F. 2005 Comportamento de Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) (Crustacea,
Decapoda, Penaeidae) em função da oferta do alimento artificial nas fases claras e escuras do
período de 24 horas. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 22(3): 648-652.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F.; MENEZES, A.L.; LIMA, P.P. 2005 Daily activity pattern of the
marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) juveniles under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research, 37(10): 1001-1006.
PRETO, B.L.; PIZZATO, G.M.; VALENTI, W.C. 2008 Uso de bandejas na alimentação na fase de
engorda do camarão-da-amazonia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862). Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 34(1): 125-130.
ROBERTSON, L., LAWRENCE, A.L.; CASTILLE, F.L. 1993 Effect of feeding frequency and feeding
time on growth of Penaeus vannamei (Boone).Aquaculture Research, 24(1): 1-6.
SANTOS, D.B.; PONTES, C.S. 2016 Behavioral Repertoire of the giant freshwater prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) in laboratory. Journal of Animal Behaviour and
Biometeorology, 4(4): 109-115.
SIDDIQUI, A.Q.; AL-HAFEDH, Y.S.; AL-HARBI, A.H.; ALI, A.S. 1997 Effects of stocking density and monosex culture of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii on growth and production in concrete tanks in Saudi Arabia. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 28(1):106í 112.
STRIER, K.B. 2000. Female Strategies. In: STRIER, K.B. Primate behaviour ecology. Allyn and Bacon,
Boston. p. 195-226.
VanMAURIK, L.N., WORTHAM, J.L. 2014 Grooming as a secondary behavior in the shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). ZooKeys, 457(1): 55í 77.
VENTURA, T.; MANOR, R.; AFLALO, E.D.; WEIL, S.; RAVIV, S.; GLAZER, L.; SAGI, A. 2009 Temporal silencing of an androgenic gland-specific insulin-like gene affecting phenotypical gender
differences and spermatogenesis. Endocrinology,150(3): 1278í 1286.
VENTURA, T.; ROSEN, O.; SAGI, A. 2011 From the discovery of the crustacean androgenic gland to
the insulin-like hormone in six decades. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 173(3): 381-388.
VENTURA, T.; SAGI, A. 2012 The insulin-like androgenic gland hormone in crustaceans: From a single gene silencing to a wide array of sexual manipulation-based biotechnologies. Biotechnology Advances, 30(6): 1543-1550.
ZAR, J.H. 1999 Biostatistical analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 663 p.
A. 2014 Neo-females production and all-male progeny of a cross between two Indian strains
of prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii): Population structure and growth performance under different harvest strategies. Aquaculture, 428-429: 7í 15.
BOX, H.O. 2006 Bem estar animal. In: YAMAMOTO, M.E; VOLPATO, G.L. Comportamento Animal.
EDUFRN, Natal. p. 249-270.
CASILLAS-HERNÁNDEZ, R.; MAGALLÓNBARAJAS, F.; PORTILLO-CLARK, G.; PÁEZOSUNA, F. 2006 Nutrient mass balances in semi-intensive shrimp ponds from Sonora, Mexico using two feeding strategies: trays and mechanical dispersal. Aquaculture, 258 (1-4): 289-298.
DALL, W.; HILL, B.J.; ROTHLISBERG, P.C.; STAPLES, D.J. 1990 Biology of the Penaeidae. In:
BLAXTER J.H.S.; SOUTHWARD A.J. Advances in Marine Biology. San Diego: Academic Press. 498 p.
FERO, K.; SIMON, J.L.; JOURDIE, V.; MOORE, P.A. 2007 Consequences of social dominance on
crayfish resource use. Behaviour, 144(1): 61-82.
GONYOU, H. W. 1994. Why the study of animal behavior is associated with the animal welfare
issue. Journal of Animal Science, 72(8): 2171í 2177.
HARPAZ, S. 1997 Enhancement of growth in juvenile freshwater prawns Macrobrachium
rosenbergii through the use of chemoattractant. Aquaculture, 156(3-4): 221-227.
KARPLUS, I. 2005 Social control of growth in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man): a review
and prospects for future research. Aquaculture Research, 36(3): 238-254.
KARPLUS, I.; HULATA, G.; OVADIA, D.; JAFFE, D. 1992 Social control of growth in Macrobrachium
rosenbergii. III. The role of claws in bull-runt interactions. Aquaculture, 105(3-4): 281-296.
LEVY, T.; ROSEN, O.; EILAM, B.; AZULAY, D.; AFLALO, ED.; MANOR, R.; SHECHTER, A.; SAGI, A. 2016 A Single Injection of Hypertrophied Androgenic Gland Cells Produces All-Female Aquaculture. Marine Biotechnology, 18(5): 554-563.
MALECHA, S. 2012 The case for all-female freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man), culture. Aquaculture Research, 43(7): 1038í 1048.
MARTIN, A.L.; MOORE, P.A. 2007 Field observations of agonism in the crayfish, Orconectes
rusticus: shelter use in a natural environment. Ethology, 113(12): 1192-1201.
MARTIN, P.; BATESON, P. 2007 Measuring Behaviour: An Introductory Guide. Cambridge: University Press. 187 p.
MARTINEZ-CORDOVA, L.R.; PORCHASCORNEJO, A.; VILLARREAL-COLMENARES, H.; CALDERON-PEREZ, J.A.; NARANJOPARAMO, J. 1998 Evaluation of Three Feeding Strategies on the Culture of White Shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in low water exchange ponds. Aquaculture Engineering, 17(1): 21-28.
MOLINA-POVEDA, C.; LUCAS, M.; JOVER, M. 2013 Evaluation of the potential of Andean lupin
meal (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) as an alternative to fish meal in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei diets.Aquaculture, 410-411: 148í 156.
NAIR, M.; SALIN, K.R. 2012 Current status and prospects of farming the giant river prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) and the monsoon river prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (H.M. Edwards) in India. Aquaculture Research, 43(7): 999-1014.
NAIR, M.; SALIN, K.R.; RAJU, M.S.; MATHEW, S. 2006 Economic analysis of monosex culture of
giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man): a case study. Aquaculture Research, 37(9): 949-954.
NEW, M.B.; NAIR, C.M. 2012 Global scale of freshwater prawn farming. Aquaculture Research,
43(7): 960-969
NEW, M.B.; VALENTI, W.C.; TIDWELL, J.H.; D’ABRAMO, L.R.; KUTTY, M.N. 2011 Freshwater prawns: biology and farming. Oxford: WileyBlackwell. 511 p.
NUNES, A.J.P.; GODDARD, S.; GESTEIRA, T.C.V. 1996 Feeding activity patterns of the Southern
Brown Shrimp Penaeus subtilis under semiintensive culture in NE Brazil. Aquaculture, 144(4):
371-386.
NUNES, A.J.P.; PARSONS, G.J. 1999 Feeding Levels of the Southern Brown Shrimp Penaeus subtilis in Response to Feed Dispersal. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 30(3): 331-348.
NUNES, A.J.P.; SÁ, M.V.C.; CARVALHO, E.A.; SABRY, H. 2006 Growth performance of the white
shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared under time and rate restriction feeding regimes in a controlled culture system. Aquaculture, 253(1-4): 646-652.
NUNES, A.J.P.; SANDOVAL, P.F.C. 1997 Dados de produção e qualidade de água de um cultivo
comercial semi-intensivo dos camarões Penaeus subtilis e Penaeus vannamei com a utilização de
bandejas de alimentação. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 24(2): 221-231.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F. 2005 Comportamento de Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) (Crustacea,
Decapoda, Penaeidae) em função da oferta do alimento artificial nas fases claras e escuras do
período de 24 horas. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 22(3): 648-652.
PONTES, C.S.; ARRUDA, M.F.; MENEZES, A.L.; LIMA, P.P. 2005 Daily activity pattern of the
marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) juveniles under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research, 37(10): 1001-1006.
PRETO, B.L.; PIZZATO, G.M.; VALENTI, W.C. 2008 Uso de bandejas na alimentação na fase de
engorda do camarão-da-amazonia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862). Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 34(1): 125-130.
ROBERTSON, L., LAWRENCE, A.L.; CASTILLE, F.L. 1993 Effect of feeding frequency and feeding
time on growth of Penaeus vannamei (Boone).Aquaculture Research, 24(1): 1-6.
SANTOS, D.B.; PONTES, C.S. 2016 Behavioral Repertoire of the giant freshwater prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) in laboratory. Journal of Animal Behaviour and
Biometeorology, 4(4): 109-115.
SIDDIQUI, A.Q.; AL-HAFEDH, Y.S.; AL-HARBI, A.H.; ALI, A.S. 1997 Effects of stocking density and monosex culture of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii on growth and production in concrete tanks in Saudi Arabia. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 28(1):106í 112.
STRIER, K.B. 2000. Female Strategies. In: STRIER, K.B. Primate behaviour ecology. Allyn and Bacon,
Boston. p. 195-226.
VanMAURIK, L.N., WORTHAM, J.L. 2014 Grooming as a secondary behavior in the shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). ZooKeys, 457(1): 55í 77.
VENTURA, T.; MANOR, R.; AFLALO, E.D.; WEIL, S.; RAVIV, S.; GLAZER, L.; SAGI, A. 2009 Temporal silencing of an androgenic gland-specific insulin-like gene affecting phenotypical gender
differences and spermatogenesis. Endocrinology,150(3): 1278í 1286.
VENTURA, T.; ROSEN, O.; SAGI, A. 2011 From the discovery of the crustacean androgenic gland to
the insulin-like hormone in six decades. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 173(3): 381-388.
VENTURA, T.; SAGI, A. 2012 The insulin-like androgenic gland hormone in crustaceans: From a single gene silencing to a wide array of sexual manipulation-based biotechnologies. Biotechnology Advances, 30(6): 1543-1550.
ZAR, J.H. 1999 Biostatistical analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 663 p.
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2017-12-15
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