Efficiency of anesthetics on female gastropod Littoraria angulifera
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2018.304Keywords:
eugenol, magnesium chloride, mentol, mollusks, sedationAbstract
The present study evaluated the effect of three anesthetics at three concentrations, menthol (C10H20O) (1%, 1.5%, 2%), eugenol (C10H12O2) (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) (4%, 7%, 10%) diluted in distilled water on the gastropod Littoraria angulifera. Twenty females were tested for each concentration with shell height varying between 18.3 and 26.1 mm (n = 180), all collected from the same site. The time of induction and recovery of the sedative effect, as well as the survival rate, were assessed. The animals were kept within aquaria at a temperature of 25±1°C and observations were made every 30 minutes since the beginning of the anesthesia for up to 2 hours. After this period, the animals were kept in aquaria and observed during the following 15 days for survival evaluation. Only MgCl2 caused a sedative effect on L. angulifera. At 4% and 7% MgCl2 solutions, 20% and 95% of animals were anesthetized after 2 hours, respectively, and at 10% all animals were anesthetized after 1 hour. In conclusion, L. angulifera can be efficiently anesthetized in a 10% MgCl2 solution for 1 h and the recovery occurs in 30 minutes with no apparent side effects on behavior and survival.
References
ACOSTA-SALMON, H.; DAVIS, M. 2007 Inducing relaxation in the queen conch Strombus gigas (L.) for cultured pearl production. Aquaculture, 262(1): 73-77.
ACOSTA-SALMON, H.; MARTINEZ-FERNANDEZ, E.; SOUTHGATE, P.C. 2005 Use of relaxants to obtain saibo tissue from the blacklip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera) and the Akoya pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata). Aquaculture, 246(1-4): 167-172.
ALIPIA, T.T.; MAE, H.; DUNPHY, B.J. 2014 A non-invasive anaesthetic method for accessing the brood chamber of the Chilean flat oyster (Ostrea chilensis). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 48(3): 350-355.
ARAUJO, R.; REMÓN, J.M.; MORENO, D.; RAMOS, M.A. 1995 Relaxing techniques for freshwater molluscs: trials for evaluation of different methods. Malacologia, 36(1): 29-41.
BARROSO, C.M.; GIBBS; MOREIRA, M.H.; GIBBS, P.E. 2000 Comparison of imposex and intersex development in four prosobranch species for TBT monitoring of a southern European estuarine system (Ria de Aveiro, NW Portugal). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 201(3): 221-232.
BERRY, A. J. 1963 Faunal zonation in mangrove swamps. Bulletin of the National Museum, State of Singapore, 32(1): 90-98.
BILBAO, A.; COURTOIS DE VICOSE G.; VIERA, M.P.; SOSA, B.; FERNÁNDEZ-PALACIOS, H.; HERNANDÉZ, M.C 2010 Efficiency of Clove Oil as Anesthetic for Abalone (Haliotis Tuberculata Coccinea, Revee). Journal of Shellfish Research, 29(3): 679-682.
BRYAN, G.W.; GIBBS, P.E. 1991 Impact of low concentration of tributyltin (TBT) on marine organisms: a review. In: NEWMAN, M.C., MCINTOSH, AW. Metal Ecotoxicology: Concepts and applications. Ann Arbor: Lewis Publishers. p. 323-361.
BUTT, D.; O'CONNOR, S.J.; KUCHEL, R.; O'CONNOR, W.A.; RAFTOS, D.A. 2008 Effects of the muscle relaxant, magnesium chloride, on the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata). Aquaculture, 275(1-4): 342-346.
CASTRO, I.B.; LIMA, A.F.; BRAGA, A.R.C.; ROCHA-BARREIRA, C.A. 2007 Imposex in two muricid species (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the northeastern Brazilian coast. Journal of Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology, 2(1): 81-91.
CULLOTY, S.C.; MULCAHY, M.F. 1992. An evaluation for anesthetics for Ostrea edulis. Aquaculture, 107(2-3):249-252.
EMBERTON, K.C. 1989 Retraction/extension and measurement error in a land snail: effects on systematic characters. Malacologia, 31(1):157-173.
FAí"¡ANHA, M.F.; GOMES, L.C. 2005 A eficácia do mentol como anestésico para tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Characiformes: Characidae). Acta Amazônica, 35(1): 71-75.
GIRDLESTONE, D.; CRUICKSHANK, S.G.H.; WINLOW, W. 1989 The actions of three volatile general anaesthetics on withdrawal responses on the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis L. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. C-Comparative Pharmacology and Toxicology, 92(1): 39-44.
GOMES, L.C. 2001 Efficacy of benzocaine as an anesthesic in juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum. Journal of World Aquactic Society, Baton Rouge, 32(4): 426-431.
HEASMAN, M.P.; O’CONNOR, W.A.; FRAZER, A.W.J. 1995 Induction of anaesthesia in the commercial scallop, Pecten fumatus Reeve. Aquaculture, 131(3-4): 231-238.
IVERSEN, M.; FINSTAD, B.; McKINLEY, R.S.; ELIASSEN, R.A. 2003 The efficacy of metomidate, clove oil, AQUI-Sâ"ž¢ and Benzoak® as anaesthetics in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolts, and their potencial stress-reducing capacity. Aquaculture, 221(1-4): 549-566.
KANDEL, E.R.; SCHWARTZ, J.H.; JESSELL, T.M. 2000 Principles of neural science. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1414p.
KAPLAN, H.M. 1969 Anesthesia in amphibians and reptiles. 28 ed. Federal Proceeding. 1546p.
KEENE, J.L.; NOAKES, D.L.G.; MOCCIA, R.D.; SOTO, C.G. 1998 The efficacy of clove oil as an anaesthesic for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquaculture Research, 29(2):89-101.
KOHLMEYER, J.; BEBOUT, B. 1986 On the occurrence of marine fungi in the diet of Littorina angulifera and observations on the behavior of the periwinkle. Marine Ecology, 7(4): 333-343.
LEGAT, A.P.; J.; LEGAT, J.F.A.; GOMES, C.H.A.M.; SUHNEL, S.; MELO, C.M.R. 2015 Anesthesia in oysters of the genus Crassostrea cultured in Brazil. Boletim do Instituto da Pesca, 41(esp): 785í 793.
LENDERKING, R.E. 1954 Some recent observations on the biology of Littorina angulifera of Biscayne and Virginia Keys, Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gull and Caribbean, 3(4): 272-296.
LORENZO, D.; PAZ, D., DELLACASSA, E. 2002 Essential oils of Mentha pulegium and Mentha rotundifolia from Uruguay. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 45(4): 519-524.
MAMANGKEY, N.G.F.; ACOSTA-SALMON, H.; SOUTHGATE, P.C 2009 Use of anaesthetics with the silver-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima (Jameson). Aquaculture, 288(3-4): 280-284.
MCSHANE, P.E.; SMITH, M.G 1988. Measuring recruitment of abalone Haliotis rubra Leach (Gastropoda:Haliotidae) - comparison of a novel method with two other methods. Australian Journal of Marine Freshwater Research. 39(3): 331-336.
MEIER-BROOK, C. 1976 The influence of varied relaxing and fixing conditions on anatomical characters in a Planorbis species. Basteria, 40(4-6): 101-106.
MERKT, R.E.; ELLISON, A.M. 1998 Geographic and habitat-specific morphological variation of Littoraria (Littorinopsis) angulifera (Lamarck, 1822). Malacologia, 40(1): 279-295.
PRINCE J.D.; FORD W.B. 1985 Use of anaesthetic to standardize efficiency in sampling abalone populations (genus Haliotis; Mollusca : Gastropoda). Australian Journal of Marine Freshwater Research, 36(2): 701-706.
OSTRENSKY, A.; BORGHETTI, J.R.; SOTO, D. 2008 Aquicultura no Brasil: o desafio é crescer. Secretaria Especial da Aquicultura e Pesca. Brasília, 2008.
REID, D.G. 1999 The genus Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the tropical eastern Pacific. Veliger, 42(1): 21-53.
REID, D. G.; DYAL, P.; WILLIAMS, S. T. 2010 Global diversification of mangrove fauna: a molecular phylogeny of Littoraria (Gastropoda: Littorinidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55(1): 185-201.
ROSS, L.G.; ROSS, B. 2008 Anaesthetic and sedative techniques for aquatic animals. 3rd. ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 236p.
RUNHAM, N.W.; ISARANKURA, K.; SMITH, B.J. 1965 Methods for narcotizing and anaesthetizing gastropods. Malacologia, 2(2): 231-238.
SANTOS, D.M.; SANT’ANNA, B.S.; GODOI, A.F.L.; TURRA, A.; MARCHI, M.R.R. 2011 Contamination and Impact of Organotin Compounds on the Brazilian Coast. In: Ortiz, AC., Grifï¬Ân NB. Pollution Monitoring. Hauppauge NY: N. Science Publishers. p. 31-59.
SOUSA, A.; LARANJEIRO, F.; TAKAHASHI, S.; TANABE, S.; BARROSO, C.M. 2009 Imposex and organotin prevalence in a European post-legislative scenario: temporal trends from 2003 to 2008. Chemosphere, 77(4): 566-573.
SOUSA, A.; MENDO, S.; BARROSO, C.M. 2005 Imposex and organotin contamination in Nassarius reticulatus (L.) along the Portuguese coast. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 19(3): 315-323.
SOUSA, A.C.A.; BARROSO, C.M.; TANABE, S.; HORIGUCHI, T. 2010 Involvement of Retinoid X Receptor in Imposex Development in Nucella lapillus and Nassarius reticulatus-Preliminary Results. Interdisciplinary Studies on Environmental Chemistry, 4(1): 189-196.
SUQUET, M.; KERMOYSAN, G.; ARAYA, R.G.; QUEAU, I.; LEBRUN, L.; SOUCHU, P.; MINGANT, C. 2009 Anesthesia in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Aquatic Living Resource, 22(1): 29-34.
VASCONCELOS, P.; GASPAR, M.B.; PEREIRA, A.M.; CASTRO, M. 2006. Growth rate estimation of Hexaplex (trunculariopsis) trunculus (Gastropoda: Muricidae) based on mark/recapture experiments in the Ria Formosa lagoon (Algarve coast, southern Protugal). Journal of Shellfish Research, 25(1): 249-256.
WAGNER, E.; ARNDT, R.; HILTON, B. 2002 Physiological stress responses, egg survival and sperm motility of rainbow trout broodstock anesthezid with clove oil, tricaine methanesulfonate or carbon dioxide. Aquaculture, 211(1-4): 353-366.
WHITE, H.I.; HECHT, T.; POTGEITER, B. 1996 The effect of four anesthetics on Haliotis midae and their suitability for application in commercial abalone culture. Aquaculture, 140(1-2): 145-151.
WOODALL, A.J.; NARUO, H.; PRINCE, D.J.; FENG, Z.P.; WINLOW, W.; TAKASAKI, M.; SYED, N.I. 2003 Anesthetic treatment blocks synaptogenesis but not neuronal regeneration of cultured Lymnaea neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology, 90(4): 2232-2239.
ZEIDAN, G.C. 2017 Efeito do tributil-estanho (TBT) sobre Stramonita rustica (Neogastropoda) e Littoraria angulifera (Mesogastropoda). Ilhéus (BA), 189p. (Tese de Doutorado. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz).
ACOSTA-SALMON, H.; MARTINEZ-FERNANDEZ, E.; SOUTHGATE, P.C. 2005 Use of relaxants to obtain saibo tissue from the blacklip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera) and the Akoya pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata). Aquaculture, 246(1-4): 167-172.
ALIPIA, T.T.; MAE, H.; DUNPHY, B.J. 2014 A non-invasive anaesthetic method for accessing the brood chamber of the Chilean flat oyster (Ostrea chilensis). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 48(3): 350-355.
ARAUJO, R.; REMÓN, J.M.; MORENO, D.; RAMOS, M.A. 1995 Relaxing techniques for freshwater molluscs: trials for evaluation of different methods. Malacologia, 36(1): 29-41.
BARROSO, C.M.; GIBBS; MOREIRA, M.H.; GIBBS, P.E. 2000 Comparison of imposex and intersex development in four prosobranch species for TBT monitoring of a southern European estuarine system (Ria de Aveiro, NW Portugal). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 201(3): 221-232.
BERRY, A. J. 1963 Faunal zonation in mangrove swamps. Bulletin of the National Museum, State of Singapore, 32(1): 90-98.
BILBAO, A.; COURTOIS DE VICOSE G.; VIERA, M.P.; SOSA, B.; FERNÁNDEZ-PALACIOS, H.; HERNANDÉZ, M.C 2010 Efficiency of Clove Oil as Anesthetic for Abalone (Haliotis Tuberculata Coccinea, Revee). Journal of Shellfish Research, 29(3): 679-682.
BRYAN, G.W.; GIBBS, P.E. 1991 Impact of low concentration of tributyltin (TBT) on marine organisms: a review. In: NEWMAN, M.C., MCINTOSH, AW. Metal Ecotoxicology: Concepts and applications. Ann Arbor: Lewis Publishers. p. 323-361.
BUTT, D.; O'CONNOR, S.J.; KUCHEL, R.; O'CONNOR, W.A.; RAFTOS, D.A. 2008 Effects of the muscle relaxant, magnesium chloride, on the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata). Aquaculture, 275(1-4): 342-346.
CASTRO, I.B.; LIMA, A.F.; BRAGA, A.R.C.; ROCHA-BARREIRA, C.A. 2007 Imposex in two muricid species (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the northeastern Brazilian coast. Journal of Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology, 2(1): 81-91.
CULLOTY, S.C.; MULCAHY, M.F. 1992. An evaluation for anesthetics for Ostrea edulis. Aquaculture, 107(2-3):249-252.
EMBERTON, K.C. 1989 Retraction/extension and measurement error in a land snail: effects on systematic characters. Malacologia, 31(1):157-173.
FAí"¡ANHA, M.F.; GOMES, L.C. 2005 A eficácia do mentol como anestésico para tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Characiformes: Characidae). Acta Amazônica, 35(1): 71-75.
GIRDLESTONE, D.; CRUICKSHANK, S.G.H.; WINLOW, W. 1989 The actions of three volatile general anaesthetics on withdrawal responses on the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis L. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. C-Comparative Pharmacology and Toxicology, 92(1): 39-44.
GOMES, L.C. 2001 Efficacy of benzocaine as an anesthesic in juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum. Journal of World Aquactic Society, Baton Rouge, 32(4): 426-431.
HEASMAN, M.P.; O’CONNOR, W.A.; FRAZER, A.W.J. 1995 Induction of anaesthesia in the commercial scallop, Pecten fumatus Reeve. Aquaculture, 131(3-4): 231-238.
IVERSEN, M.; FINSTAD, B.; McKINLEY, R.S.; ELIASSEN, R.A. 2003 The efficacy of metomidate, clove oil, AQUI-Sâ"ž¢ and Benzoak® as anaesthetics in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolts, and their potencial stress-reducing capacity. Aquaculture, 221(1-4): 549-566.
KANDEL, E.R.; SCHWARTZ, J.H.; JESSELL, T.M. 2000 Principles of neural science. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1414p.
KAPLAN, H.M. 1969 Anesthesia in amphibians and reptiles. 28 ed. Federal Proceeding. 1546p.
KEENE, J.L.; NOAKES, D.L.G.; MOCCIA, R.D.; SOTO, C.G. 1998 The efficacy of clove oil as an anaesthesic for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquaculture Research, 29(2):89-101.
KOHLMEYER, J.; BEBOUT, B. 1986 On the occurrence of marine fungi in the diet of Littorina angulifera and observations on the behavior of the periwinkle. Marine Ecology, 7(4): 333-343.
LEGAT, A.P.; J.; LEGAT, J.F.A.; GOMES, C.H.A.M.; SUHNEL, S.; MELO, C.M.R. 2015 Anesthesia in oysters of the genus Crassostrea cultured in Brazil. Boletim do Instituto da Pesca, 41(esp): 785í 793.
LENDERKING, R.E. 1954 Some recent observations on the biology of Littorina angulifera of Biscayne and Virginia Keys, Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gull and Caribbean, 3(4): 272-296.
LORENZO, D.; PAZ, D., DELLACASSA, E. 2002 Essential oils of Mentha pulegium and Mentha rotundifolia from Uruguay. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 45(4): 519-524.
MAMANGKEY, N.G.F.; ACOSTA-SALMON, H.; SOUTHGATE, P.C 2009 Use of anaesthetics with the silver-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima (Jameson). Aquaculture, 288(3-4): 280-284.
MCSHANE, P.E.; SMITH, M.G 1988. Measuring recruitment of abalone Haliotis rubra Leach (Gastropoda:Haliotidae) - comparison of a novel method with two other methods. Australian Journal of Marine Freshwater Research. 39(3): 331-336.
MEIER-BROOK, C. 1976 The influence of varied relaxing and fixing conditions on anatomical characters in a Planorbis species. Basteria, 40(4-6): 101-106.
MERKT, R.E.; ELLISON, A.M. 1998 Geographic and habitat-specific morphological variation of Littoraria (Littorinopsis) angulifera (Lamarck, 1822). Malacologia, 40(1): 279-295.
PRINCE J.D.; FORD W.B. 1985 Use of anaesthetic to standardize efficiency in sampling abalone populations (genus Haliotis; Mollusca : Gastropoda). Australian Journal of Marine Freshwater Research, 36(2): 701-706.
OSTRENSKY, A.; BORGHETTI, J.R.; SOTO, D. 2008 Aquicultura no Brasil: o desafio é crescer. Secretaria Especial da Aquicultura e Pesca. Brasília, 2008.
REID, D.G. 1999 The genus Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the tropical eastern Pacific. Veliger, 42(1): 21-53.
REID, D. G.; DYAL, P.; WILLIAMS, S. T. 2010 Global diversification of mangrove fauna: a molecular phylogeny of Littoraria (Gastropoda: Littorinidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55(1): 185-201.
ROSS, L.G.; ROSS, B. 2008 Anaesthetic and sedative techniques for aquatic animals. 3rd. ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 236p.
RUNHAM, N.W.; ISARANKURA, K.; SMITH, B.J. 1965 Methods for narcotizing and anaesthetizing gastropods. Malacologia, 2(2): 231-238.
SANTOS, D.M.; SANT’ANNA, B.S.; GODOI, A.F.L.; TURRA, A.; MARCHI, M.R.R. 2011 Contamination and Impact of Organotin Compounds on the Brazilian Coast. In: Ortiz, AC., Grifï¬Ân NB. Pollution Monitoring. Hauppauge NY: N. Science Publishers. p. 31-59.
SOUSA, A.; LARANJEIRO, F.; TAKAHASHI, S.; TANABE, S.; BARROSO, C.M. 2009 Imposex and organotin prevalence in a European post-legislative scenario: temporal trends from 2003 to 2008. Chemosphere, 77(4): 566-573.
SOUSA, A.; MENDO, S.; BARROSO, C.M. 2005 Imposex and organotin contamination in Nassarius reticulatus (L.) along the Portuguese coast. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 19(3): 315-323.
SOUSA, A.C.A.; BARROSO, C.M.; TANABE, S.; HORIGUCHI, T. 2010 Involvement of Retinoid X Receptor in Imposex Development in Nucella lapillus and Nassarius reticulatus-Preliminary Results. Interdisciplinary Studies on Environmental Chemistry, 4(1): 189-196.
SUQUET, M.; KERMOYSAN, G.; ARAYA, R.G.; QUEAU, I.; LEBRUN, L.; SOUCHU, P.; MINGANT, C. 2009 Anesthesia in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Aquatic Living Resource, 22(1): 29-34.
VASCONCELOS, P.; GASPAR, M.B.; PEREIRA, A.M.; CASTRO, M. 2006. Growth rate estimation of Hexaplex (trunculariopsis) trunculus (Gastropoda: Muricidae) based on mark/recapture experiments in the Ria Formosa lagoon (Algarve coast, southern Protugal). Journal of Shellfish Research, 25(1): 249-256.
WAGNER, E.; ARNDT, R.; HILTON, B. 2002 Physiological stress responses, egg survival and sperm motility of rainbow trout broodstock anesthezid with clove oil, tricaine methanesulfonate or carbon dioxide. Aquaculture, 211(1-4): 353-366.
WHITE, H.I.; HECHT, T.; POTGEITER, B. 1996 The effect of four anesthetics on Haliotis midae and their suitability for application in commercial abalone culture. Aquaculture, 140(1-2): 145-151.
WOODALL, A.J.; NARUO, H.; PRINCE, D.J.; FENG, Z.P.; WINLOW, W.; TAKASAKI, M.; SYED, N.I. 2003 Anesthetic treatment blocks synaptogenesis but not neuronal regeneration of cultured Lymnaea neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology, 90(4): 2232-2239.
ZEIDAN, G.C. 2017 Efeito do tributil-estanho (TBT) sobre Stramonita rustica (Neogastropoda) e Littoraria angulifera (Mesogastropoda). Ilhéus (BA), 189p. (Tese de Doutorado. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz).
Downloads
Published
2018-12-25
Issue
Section
Short Communication
