Potassium chloride and sodium chloride as reference toxicants to assess quality of toxicity tests carried out with the microcrustacean cladocera Ceriodaphnia dubia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2018.311Keywords:
sensitivity, reference toxicant, KCl, NaClAbstract
Two reference toxicants (potassium chloride-KCl and sodium chloride-NaCl) were used in the present study in order to assess the sensitivity of the microcrustacean cladocera Ceriodaphnia dubia. Chronic toxicity tests were carried out with those two salts and the sensitivity expressed as IC50;7D - concentration that causes inhibition of 50% of reproduction ability, in seven days exposure time. The medium values estimated for IC50;7D were 200.70 and 499.60 to KCl and NaCl, respectively. Those data have demonstrated that KCl can be more restrictive and more suitable than NaCl, when used as standard reference toxicant for plotting control charts of sensitivity
References
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DEGRAEVE, G.M.; COONEY, J.D.; MARSH, B.H.; POLLOCK, T.L.; REICHENBACH, N.G. 1992 Variability in the performance of the 7-d Ceriodaphnia dubia survival and reproduction test: an intra-and interlaboratory study. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , 11(6): 851-866.
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SANTOS, D.B.; BARBIERI, E.; BONDIOLI, A. C.; MELO, C.B. 2014 Effects of Lead in white shrimp (Litopenaeus schmitti) metabolism regarding salinity. O Mundo da Saúde, 38(1): 16-23.
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TAYLOR, E.J.; MAUND, S.J.; PASCOE, D. 1991. Toxicity of four common pollutants to the freshwater macroinvertebrates Chironomus riparius Meigen (Insecta: Diptera) and Gammarus pulex (L.) (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 21(3): 371-6
USEPA, US Environmental Protection Agency (2002) Short-term methods for estimating the chronic toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater organisms. EPA-821-R-02-013. Fourth Edition. Washington, DC.
UTZ L.R.P.; BOHRER, M.B.C. 2001 Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Potassium Chloride (KCl) and Potassium Acetate (KC2H3O2) to Daphnia similis and Ceriodaphnia dubia (Crustacea; Cladocera). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 66(3): 379-385.
ZAGATTO, P.A.; BERTOLETTI, E. 2006 Ecotoxicologia aquática í Princípios e Aplicações. Editora Rima, São Carlos. 2006. 464p.
ADEMA, D.M.M. 1978. Daphnia magna as a test animal in acute and chronic toxicity tests. Hydrobiologia, 59(1): 125-134
AGUILAR-ALBEROLA, J.A.; MESQUITA-JOANES, F. 2012. Acute Toxicity Tests with Cadmium, Lead, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, and Bacillus thuringiensis on a Temporary Pond Ostracod. International Rev Hydrobiologia, 97(4): 375-388.
ARAGÃO M. A.; PEREIRA E.V. 2003 Sensitivity of Ceriodaphnia dubia of different ages to sodium chloride. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 70(8): 1247-1250.
COPPER, N.L.; BIDWELL, J.R.; KUMAR, A. 2017 Toxicity of copper, lead, and zinc mixtures to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia carinata. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72(5): 1523í 1528
COWGIL U.M.; MILAZZO, D.P. 1990 The Sensitivity of Two Cladocerans to Water Quality Variables: Salinity and Hardness. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 120(2): 185-196.
DEGRAEVE, G.M.; COONEY, J.D.; MARSH, B.H.; POLLOCK, T.L.; REICHENBACH, N.G. 1992 Variability in the performance of the 7-d Ceriodaphnia dubia survival and reproduction test: an intra-and interlaboratory study. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , 11(6): 851-866.
Environment Canada. 1990 Guidance Document on Control of Toxicity Test Precision Using Reference Toxicants. Report EPS 1/RM/12. Environmental Protection Series. Ottawa, Ontario, 85pp.
FREITAS, E.C.; ROCHA, O. 2013. Effects of sodium and potassium on life history parameters of freshwater cladoceran Pseudosida ramosa. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, 7(2): 85-91
FREITAS, E.C.; ROCHA, O. 2011 Acute and chronic effects of sodium and potassium on the tropical freshwater cladoceran Pseudosida ramosa. Ecotoxicology, 20(1):88í 96
HARMON, S.M.; SPECHT, W.L.; CHANDLER, G.T. 2003 A Comparison of the Daphnids Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia ambigua for their Utilization in Routine Toxicity Testing in the Southeastern United States. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 45(1): 79-85.
MOREIRA, RA.; MANSANO, AS.; SILVA, L.C.; ROCHA, O. 2014 A comparative study of the acute toxicity of the herbicide atrazine to cladocerans Daphnia magna, Daphnia magna, Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Macrothrix flabelligera. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 26(1): 1-8.
NORBERG-KING, T.J. 1993 A linear interpolation method for sublethal toxicity: the inhibition concentration (ICp) approach. (version 2.0). US Environmental Protection Agency. Environmental Research Laboratory. Duluth, Minnesota.
NORBERG-KING, T.J. 1988 An interpolation estimate for chronic toxicity: The ICp approach. National effluent toxicity assessment center technical report 05-88. US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota.
OLIVEIRA-FILHO, E.C.; DA-MATTA, A.C.; CABRAL, L.L.; VEIGA, L.F.; PAUMGARTTEN, F.J.R. 2008 Comparison between four and seven-day Ceriodaphnia dubia survival and reproduction test protocols using oil refinery effluent samples. Brazilian Archive of Biology and Technology, 51 (1): 137-142.
REZENDE, K.F.O.; BERGAMI, E.; ALVES, K.V.B.; CORSI, I.; BARBIERI, E. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles alters routine metabolism and causes histopathological alterations in Oreochromis niloticus. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 44(2): e343
SADIQ I.M.; PAKRASHI, S.; CHANDRASEKARAN, N.; MUKHERJEE, A. 2011 Studies on toxicity of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles to microalgae species: Scenedesmus sp. and Chlorella sp. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 139(8): 3287í 3299.
SANTOS, D.B.; BARBIERI, E.; BONDIOLI, A. C.; MELO, C.B. 2014 Effects of Lead in white shrimp (Litopenaeus schmitti) metabolism regarding salinity. O Mundo da Saúde, 38(1): 16-23.
SUNANDAN P.; SWAYAMPRAVA D.; AHMED H., SUJAY C.; NATARAJAN C.; AMITAVA M. 2013. Ceriodaphnia dubia as a Potential Bio-Indicator for Assessing Acute Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle Toxicity in Fresh Water Environmen. Plos One, 8 (9): e74003.
STRUEWING K.A.; LAZORCHAK, J.M.; WEAVER, P.C.; JOHNSON, B.R.; FUNK, D.H.; BUCHWALTER, D.B. 2015 Sensitivity comparisons of the mayfly Centroptilum triangulifer to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna using standard reference toxicants; NaCl, KCl and CuSO4. Chemosphere, 138: 597-603
TAYLOR, E.J.; MAUND, S.J.; PASCOE, D. 1991. Toxicity of four common pollutants to the freshwater macroinvertebrates Chironomus riparius Meigen (Insecta: Diptera) and Gammarus pulex (L.) (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 21(3): 371-6
USEPA, US Environmental Protection Agency (2002) Short-term methods for estimating the chronic toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater organisms. EPA-821-R-02-013. Fourth Edition. Washington, DC.
UTZ L.R.P.; BOHRER, M.B.C. 2001 Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Potassium Chloride (KCl) and Potassium Acetate (KC2H3O2) to Daphnia similis and Ceriodaphnia dubia (Crustacea; Cladocera). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 66(3): 379-385.
ZAGATTO, P.A.; BERTOLETTI, E. 2006 Ecotoxicologia aquática í Princípios e Aplicações. Editora Rima, São Carlos. 2006. 464p.
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2018-12-25
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