Effects of fermented grape pomace (Vitis sp.) inclusion on growth performance, lipid peroxidation, and hematology of juvenile Mugil liza

Authors

  • Cybele Guimarães Pinheiro Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – Instituto de Oceanografia – Programa de Pós Graduação em Aquacultura – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7739-471X
  • Luis Alberto Romano Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – Instituto de Oceanografia – Programa de Pós Graduação em Aquacultura – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3144-3579
  • José Maria Monserrat Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – Instituto de Ciência Biológicas – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquacultura – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-3049
  • Juan Buitrago Ramírez Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – Instituto de Ciência Biológicas – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquacultura – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-1628
  • Marcelo Borges Tesser Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – Instituto de Oceanografia – Programa de Pós Graduação em Aquacultura – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-9829

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2026.52.e968

Abstract

This study investigated the potential use of fermented grape pomace (FerGP) as a dietary ingredient for juvenile mullet (Mugil liza). For this purpose, growth perfomance, hepatic lipid peroxidation, and hematology of juvenile mullet fed various levels of FerGP were evaluated. A total of 225 fish (0.57 ± 0.01 g) were randomly distributed into 15 tanks and fed ad libitum three times a day for 65 days with different levels of FerGP (2.5, 5, 10, and 15%). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in hematological parameters. Regarding the zootechnical parameters, FerGP 15% showed higher specific growth rate compared to the other treatments. Dietary inclusion of FerGP significantly reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation, as indicated by a decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values. The results demonstrated that the inclusion of FerGP in the diet is feasible and safe, promoting benefits to the productive performance of juvenile mullet.

References

Ahmed, I., Reshi, Q., & Fazio, F. (2020). The influence of the endogenous and exogenous factors on hematological parameters in different fish species: a review. Aquaculture International, 28, 869-899. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-019-00501-3

Albuquerque, M. A. C., Levit, R., Beres, C., Bedani, R., Moreno de LeBlanc, A., Saad, S. M. I., & LeBlanc, J. G. (2019). Tropical fruit by-products water extracts of tropical fruit by- products as sources of soluble fibers and phenolic compounds with potential antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, and functional properties. Journal of Functional Foods, 52, 724-733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.002

Antonić, B., Jančíková, S., Dordević, D., & Tremlová, B. (2020). Grape pomace valorization: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Foods, 9(11). 1627. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9111627

AOAC (2006). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. AOAC International.

APHA (2005). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 1496. APHA.

Arslan, G., Sönmez, A. Y., & Yank, T. (2018). Effects of grape Vitis vinifera seed oil supplementation on growth, survival, fatty acid profiles, antioxidant contents and blood parameters in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture Research, 49, 2256-2266. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13686

Aziz, M. A., Diab, A. S., & Mohammed, A. A. (2019). Antioxidants: antioxidant categories and mode of action. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.77838

Baldissera, M. D., Souza, C. F., Descovi, S. N., Verdi, C. M., Zeppenfeld, C. C., Silva, A. S., Santos, R. C. V., & Baldisserotto, B. (2019). Grape pomace flour ameliorates Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced bioenergetic dysfunction in gills of grass carp. Aquaculture, 506, 359-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.03.065

Baldisserotto, B. (2025). Fisiologia de peixes aplicada à piscicultura (4ª ed.). Editora UFSM.

Barbacariu, C.-A., Dîrvariu, L., Șerban, D. A., Rîmbu, C. M., Horhogea, C. E., Dumitru, G., Todirașcu-Ciornea, E., Lungoci, C., & Burducea, M. (2024). Evaluating the use of grape pomace in Cyprinus carpio nutrition: effects on growth, biochemistry, meat quality, microbiota, and oxidative status. Fishes, 9(6), 219. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9060219

Beres, C., Freitas, S. P., Godoy, R. L. O., de Oliveira, D. C. R., Deliza, R., Iacomini, M., Mellinger-Silva, C., & Cabral, L. M. C. (2019). Antioxidant dietary fiber from grape pomace flour or extract: Does it make any difference on the nutritional and functional value. Journal of Functional Foods, 56, 276-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.014

Bordiga, M., Travaglia, F., & Locatelli, M. (2019). Valorization of grape pomace: an approach that is increasingly reaching its maturity – a review. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54(4), 933-942. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.14118

Bustamante, M. A., Paredes, C., Morales, J., Mayoral, A. M., & Moral, R. (2009). Study of the composting process of winery and distillery wastes using multivariate techniques. Bioresources Technology, 100(20), 4766-4772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.04.033

Calixto da Silva, E., Sterzelecki, F. C., Alves Musialak, L., Sugai, J. K., Castro, J. J. P., Pedrotti, F. S., Magnotti, C., Cipriano, F. S., & Cerqueira, V. R. (2020). Effect of feeding frequency on growth performance, blood metabolites, proximal composition and digestive enzymes of Lebranche mullet (Mugil liza) Juveniles. Aquaculture Research, 51, 1162-1169. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14466

Cardona, L. (2016). Biology, ecology and culture of gray mullets (Mugilidae). In D. Crosetti & S. Blaber (Ed.), Biology, ecology and culture of gray mullets (Mugilidae) (pp. 165-195). Taylor & Francis Group.

Carvalho, C. V. A., Bianchini, A., Tesser, M. B., & Sampaio, L. A. (2010). The effect of protein levels on growth, postprandial excretion and tryptic activity of juvenile mullet Mugil platanus (Günther). Aquaculture Research, 41, 511-518. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02340.x

Chen, B., Qiu, J., Wang, Y., Huang, W., Zhao, H., Zhu, X., & Peng, K. (2022). Condensed tannins increased intestinal permeability of Chinese seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus) based on microbiome-metabolomics analysis. Aquaculture, 560, 738615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738615

Chien, A., Chou, C. Y., Cheng, Y. C., Sheen, S. S., & Kirby, R. (2023). The optimal dietary level of dry grape extract and its effect on the growth performance and antioxidant activity of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture Reports, 29, 101527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101527

Costa, J. R., Amorim, M., Vilas-Boas, A., Tonon, R. V., Cabral, L. M. C., Pastrana, L., & Pintado, M. (2019). Impact of: In vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the chemical composition, bioactive properties, and cytotoxicity of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah grape pomace extract. Food and Function, 10(4), 1856-1869. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8fo02534g

Da Silva Braz, R., Oliveira Silva, I., Borges Tesser, M., André Sampaio, L., Vieira Rodrigues, R. (2017). Benzocaine, MS-222, eugenol and menthol as anesthetics for juvenile Mugil lisa. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 43(4), 605-613. https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2017v43n4p605

Dawood, M. A. O., Eweedah, N. M., Khalafalla, M. M., Khalid, A., El, A., Fadl, S. E., Amin, A. A., Ahamad, B., & Ahmed, H. A. (2020). Saccharomyces cerevisiae increases the acceptability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to date palm seed meal. Aquaculture Reports, 17, 100314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100314

Deon, M. P. P., Bicudo, Á. J. A., & Sado, R. Y. (2021). Performance, hematology, and immunology of pacu in response to dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 56, e02460. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2021.v56.02460

FAOSTAT (2025). Crops and livestock products. FAOSTAT. Retrieved from: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL

Kumanda, C., Mlambo, V., & Mnisi, C. M. (2019). Valorization of red grape pomace waste using polyethylene glycol and fibrolytic enzymes: Physiological and meat quality responses in broilers. Animals, 9(10), 779. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9100779

Lopes, A. M., Filippi, A. C. G., & Streit, J. A. C. (2020). Solid waste management from wine culture: a case study in the Federal District and surroundings. Revista Razão Contábil & Finanças, 13(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.71136/rrcef.v13i2.327

Mahmoodi, B., Aberoumand, A., Ziaei-nejad, S., & Seyyedi, S. (2023). Effects of diets containing grape pomace on the growth, nutrition indices, and the quality traits of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Food Science & Nutrition, 11(10), 6660-6669. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3614

Mohammadi, Y., Kamangar, B. B., & Zarei, M. A. (2021). Effects of diets containing grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on the growth and oxidative capacity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquaculture, 540, 763389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736689

Morante, V. H. P., Copatti, C. E., Souza, A. R. L., Costa, M. M., Braga, L. G. T., Souza, A. M., Melo, F. V. S. T., Camargo, A. C. S., & Melo, J. F. B. (2021). Assessment the crude grape extract as feed additive for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), an omnivorous fish. Aquaculture, 544, 737068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737068

Niculescu, V. C., & Ionete, R. E. (2023). An overview on management and valorization of winery wastes. Applied Sciences, 13(8), 5063. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13085063

Oakes, K. D., & Van Der Kraak, G. J. (2003). Utility of the TBARS assay in detecting oxidative stress in white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) populations exposed to pulp mill effluent. Aquatic Toxicology, 63(4), 447-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00204-7

Peixoto, C. M., Dias, M. I., Alves, M. J., Calhelha, R. C., Barros, L., Pinho, S. P., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2018). Grape pomace as a source of phenolic compounds and diverse bioactive properties. Food Chemistry, 253, 132-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.163

Peña, E., Badillo-Zapata, D., Viana, M. T., & Correa‐Reyes, G. (2020). Use of grape pomace in formulated feed for the rainbow trout fry, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 51, 542-550. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12669

Peng, K., Chen, B., Wang, Y., Zhao, H., Zheng, C., & Chen, X. (2022a). Condensed tannins protect against aflatoxin B1-induced toxicity in Lateolabrax maculatus, restoring intestinal integrity and regulating the bacterial 555 microbiota. Aquaculture, 555, 738255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738255

Peng, K., Chen, B., Zhao, H., Wang, Y., Zheng, C., Lu, H., Huang, M., Zhao, J., & Huang, W. (2022b). Reevaluation of dietary condensed tannins on growth, antioxidant and immune response and muscle quality of Chinese seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus). Aquaculture, 558, 738413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738413

Plagnes-Juan, E., Martinat, M., Baranek, E., Surget, A., Heraud, C., & Roy, J. (2025). Temporal hedonic regulation of feeding behavior in rainbow trout: a role for the opioid system under plant-based diets from first feeding onward. Water Biology and Security, 100529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100529

Ramos, L. R. V., Romano, L. A., Monserrat, J. M., Abreu, P. C., Verde, P. E., & Tesser, M. B. (2015). Biological responses in mullet Mugil liza juveniles fed with guar gum supplemented diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 205, 98-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.04.004

Rosas, V. T., Mureb, R. A., Monserrat, J. M., Wasielesky, W. J., & Tesser, M. B. (2022). Inclusion of grape bagasse (Vitis sp.) in the diet of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and its effects on growth and antioxidant system. Aquaculture Research, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.15972

Santos, P. V. S., & Leite, Â. A. M. (2020). Identification of secondary winemaking products: a case study. Environmental Management & Sustainability Magazine, 9(1), 650-666. https://doi.org/10.19177/rgsa.v9e12020650-666

Sayed-Lafi, R. M., Sultan, F. A. M., & Al-Tameemi, R. A. (2023). Changes in hematological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings fed on pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel supplement. Al Mukhtar Journal of Sciences, 38(1), 69-77. https://doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v38i1.1120

Shahab, M., Roberto, S. R., Adnan, M., Fahad, S., Koyama, R., Saleem, M. H., Nasar, J., Saud, S., Hassan, S., & Nawaz, T. (2023). Phenolic compounds as a quality determinant of grapes: a critical review. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 42, 5325-5331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-10953-w

Silva, M. E. S., Grisi, C. V. B., Silva, S. P., Madruga, M. S., & Silva, F. A. P. (2022). The technological potential of agro-industrial residue from grape pulping (Vitis spp.) for application in meat products: A review. Food Bioscience, 49, 101877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101877

Silva, D. J., & Queiroz, A. C. (2009). Análise de alimentos: métodos químicos e biológicos (3rd ed.). Universidade Federal de Viçosa.

Strickland, J. D. H., & Parsons, T. R. (1972). A practical handbook of seawater analysis (2nd ed.). Fisheries Research Board of Canada. https://doi.org/10.25607/OBP-1791

Taladrid, D., Rebollo-Hernanz, M., Martin-Cabrejas, M. A., Moreno-Arribas, M. V., & Bartolomé, B. (2023). Grape pomace as a cardiometabolic health-promoting ingredient: activity in the intestinal environment. Antioxidants, 12(4), 979. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040979

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (1983). Chemical Methods for use in marine environmental monitoring. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commissionn.

Vastolo, A., Calabrò, S., & Cutrignelli, M. I. (2022). A review on the use of agro-industrial CO-products in animals’ diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 21(1), 577-594. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2022.2039562

Vuolo, M. M., Lima, V. S., & Maróstica Junior, M. R. (2019). Phenolic compounds. Bioactive Compounds, 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814774-0.00002-5

Witeska, M., Kondera, E., Ługowska, K., & Bojarski, B. (2022). Hematological methods in fish – Not only for beginners. Aquaculture, 547, 737498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737498

Zhang, N., Hoadley, A., Patel, J., Lim, S., & Li, C. (2017). Sustainable options for the utilization of solid residues from wine production. Waste Management, 60, 173-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.01.006

Downloads

Published

2026-05-09

Issue

Vol. 52 (2026): BOLETIM DO INSTITUTO DE PESCA

Section

Scientific Article

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Cybele Guimarães Pinheiro, Luis Alberto Romano, José Maria Monserrat, Juan Buitrago Ramírez, Marcelo Borges Tesser

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Most read articles by the same author(s)