Reproductive cycle of Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneridae) at Canto da Barra Beach, Fortim, Ceará, Brazil
Keywords:
reproductive cycle, bivalve mollusk, Anomalocardia brasiliana, Ceará StateAbstract
Marine bivalves are very appreciated as food and due to the use of shall in the manufacturing of artistic pieces. The reproductive cycle of Anomalocardia brasiliana and its correlation with environmental variables, as salinity, temperature and pluviometric precipitation, were studied. Monthly samplings were realized from May 2002 to April 2003, at Canto da Barra Beach in the Jaguaribe River Estuary, Fortim, Ceará, Brazil (04°27’07’’S; 37°47’50’’W). Sex determination was done using custom histological techniques. Sexual differentiation probably occurred when the shell had between 12.9 mm and 17.9 mm of length. During gametogenesis, oogonia, pre-vitelogenic oocytes, vitelogenic oocytes and mature oocytes were recognized in females, and spermatogonia, spermatocytes I, spermatocytes II, spermatids and spermatozoa were recognized in males. It was verified that the reproductive cycle is continuous. Nevertheless, periods of intense gamete liberation were observed from July to October 2002 and from February to April 2003. For both sexes, the reproductive cycle was characterized by the following stages of development: "in Ripening" "Ripe" "in Spawning" "Spawnedâ€Â. Among the environmental agents observed in this study, pluviometric precipitation and water salinity presented the largest fluctuation amplitude. However, a significant effect of salinity reduction was observed only in males, on April 2003.
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