Hematologia e histopatologia de tilápia-do-nilo exposta a concentrações sub-letais de selenito de sódio (Na2SeO3 Se4+)
Palavras-chave:
sangue, rim cefálico, brí¢nquias, piscicultura, toxicidade aquáticaResumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos da toxicidade crônica do selenito de sódio (Na2SeO3 Se4+) em jovens de tilápia-do-nilo, Oreochromis niloticus. Para tanto, um teste de toxicidade foi realizado com três concentrações subletais deste sal (0,4 mgSe L-1; 0,04 mgSe L-1 e 0,01 mgSe L-1) e 0 mgSe L-1 (controle). O experimento foi conduzido por 14 dias, com amostragem de seis indivíduos por tratamento nos intervalos 0, 3, 7, 10 e 14 dias para avaliação dos efeitos crônicos subletais por meio de análises hematológicas de rotina e análises histopatológicas. Diferença significativa (P<0,05) ocorreu na concentração de hemoglobina, volume corpuscular médio (VCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM) e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM) e aumento do número total de leucócitos, causados principalmente pelo aumento do número de linfócitos, monócitos e neutrófilos. Nas brí¢nquias dos peixes expostos ao selenito de sódio foi encontrada hiperplasia grave no décimo quarto dia. No rim cefálico ocorreu nefrose caracterizada pela degeneração vacuolar tubular e glomerulonefrite, atrofia glomerular e glomeruloesclerose, glomerulonefrite proliferativa, nefroesclerose, calcificação tubular, edema e hemorragia. Conclui-se que o selenito de sódio nas concentrações utilizadas provocou alterações hematológicas e histológicas em tilápia-do-nilo, embora tenham sido usadas concentrações subletais neste ensaio.
Referências
CONAMA. 2005 RESOLUÇÃO Nº 357, de 17 de março de 2005. Ministério do Desenvolvimento Urbano e Meio Ambiente. Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente. Publicada no DOU nº 053, de 18/03/2005: 58-63. Disponível em:http://www.mma.gov.br/port/conama/res/res05/res35705.pdf> Acesso em: 17 jan. 2013.
DEAKER, M. e MAHER, W. 1997 Low volume microwave digestion for the determination of selenium in marine biological tissues by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy.Analytica Chimica Acta, 350: 287-294.
EISLER, R. 1985 Selenium hazards to fish, wildlife and invertebrates: a synoptic review. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Biological Report, 85(1.5): 41p.
ENDO, T.; HARAGUCHI, K.; SAKATA, M. 2002 Mercury and selenium concentrations in the internal organs of toothed whales and dolphins marketed for human consumption in Japan. Science of the Total Environment, 300: 15-22.
FAISAL, M. e HUGGETT, R.J. 1993 Effluents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the
lymphocyte mitogenic responses in spot Leiostomus xanthurus. Marine Environmental Research, 35: 121-124.
FINLEY, K.A. 1985 Observations of bluegills fed selenium contaminated Hexagenia nymphs collected from Belews Lake. North Carolina. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 35: 816-825.
FRANí"¡A, J.G.; RANZANI-PAIVA, M.J.T.; LOMBARDI, J.V.; CARVALHO, S.; SERIANI, R.
2007 Toxicidade crônica do cloreto de mercúrio (HgCl2) associado ao selênio, através do estudo hematológico em tilápia Oreochromis niloticus.Bioikos, 21(1): 11-19.
GILL, T.S. e PANT, J.C. 1987 Hematological and pathological effects of chromium toxicosis in the freshwater fish, Barbus conchonius. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 35: 816-825.
GOEDE, R.W. e BARTEN, B.A. 1990 Organismic indices and an autopsy based assessment as indictors of health and condition of fish. In: AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM, 8: 93-108.
HAMILTON, S.J. e PALACE, V.P. 2001 Assessment of selenium effects in lotic ecosystems. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 50: 161-166.
HILTON, J.W.; HODSON, P.V.; SLINGER, S.J. 1980 The requeriment and toxicity of selenium in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Journal of Nutrition, 110: 2527-2535.
HRUBEC, T.C. e SMITH, S.A. 1998 Hematology of fish. In: WEISS, D.J. e WARDROP, K.J. (eds.) Schalm`s Veterinary Hematology. 5ª ed., p.1120-1125.
HUA, X.; ZHOU, H.; QIU, X.; LIU, X.; CAO, D.; ZHANG, D. 2001 Effects of dietary Bacillus sp.and selenoyeast on the growth and disease resistance of allogynogenetic crucian carp.Journal of Fisheries of China, 25(5): 448-453.
KENNEDY, C.J.; MCDONALD, L.E.; LOVERIDGE,R.; STROSHER, M.M. 2000 The effect of
bioaccumulated selenium on mortalities and deformities in the eggs, larvae, and fry of a wild population of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 39(1): 46-52.
KOZINSKA, A.; ANTYCHOWICZ, J.; KOSTRZEWA,P. 1999 Influence of thrombocytes activity on the susceptibility of the carp (Cyprimus carpio) to Aeromonas hydrophila injection at different tempetratures. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 43: 53-62.
LEMLY, A.D. 1993 Metabolic stress during winter increases the toxicity of selenium to fish. Aquatic Toxicology, 27: 133-158.
LEMLY, A.D. 2002 Symptoms and implications of selenium toxicity in fish: the Belews Lake case example. Aquatic Toxicology, 57: 39-49.
LIAO, C-Y.; ZHOU, Q-F.; FU, J-J.; SHI, J-B.; YUAN,C-G. 2007 Interaction of metylmercury and selenium on the bioaccumulation and histopathology in medaka (Oryzias latipes).Environmental Toxicology, 22(1): 69-77.
LIM, C.; KLESIUS, P.H.; WEBSTER, C.D. 2001 The role of dietary phosphorus, zinc, and selenium in fish health. In: LIM, C. e WEBSTER, C.D.(eds.) Nutrition and Fish Health. NY, USA Food Products Press. p.201-212.
LOHNER, T.W.; REASH, R.J.; WILLET, V.E.; ROSE,L.A. 2001 Assessment of tolerant sunfish populations (Lepomis sp.) inhabiting selenium laden coal ash effluents. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 50: 203-216.
MATUSHIMA, E.R. e MARIANO, M. 1996 Kinetics of the inflammatory reaction induced by carregenin in the swim bladder of Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia). Brazilian Journal of veterinary Research and Animal Science, 33: 5-10.
MCKIM, J.M.; CHRISTESEN, G.M.; HUNT, F.P. 1970 Changes in the blood of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) after shortí term and long-term exposure to copper. Journal of Fish Research Board of Canada, 27(1): 1883-1889.
MILLER, L.L.; WANG, F.; PALACE, V.P.;HONTELA, A. 2007 Effects of acute and subchronic exposures to waterborne selenite on the physiological stress response and oxidative stress indicators in juvenile rainbow trout.Aquatic Toxicology, 83(4): 263-271.
MUSCATELLO, J.R.; BENNETT, P.M.; HIMBEAULT,P.M. 2006 Larval deformities associated with selenium accumulation in northern pike (Esox lucius) exposed to metal mining effluent.Environmental Science Technology, 40(20): 6506-6512.
NOGA, E.J. 1995 Fish Disease: Diagnosis and treatment.Mosby-Year Book. St. Louis, Missori, USA. 367p.
OLIVEIRA-RIBEIRO, C.A.; PELLETIER, E.;PFEIFFER, W.C.; ROULEAU, C. 2000 Comparative uptake, bioaccumulation, and gill damages of inorganic mercury in tropical and Nordic freshwater fish. Environmental Research,Section A, 83: 286-292.
PETERS, G.M.; MAHER, W.A.; KRIKOWA, F.; ROACH, A.C.; JESWANI, H.K.; BARFORD, J.P.;
GOMES, V.G.; REIBLE, D.D. 1999 Selenium in sediments, pore waters and benthic infauna of Lake Macquarie, New south Wales, Australia.Marine Environmental Research, 47: 491-508.
RANZANI-PAIVA, M.J.T. e SILVA-SOUZA, A.T. 2004 Hematologia de peixes brasileiros. In: RANZANIPAIVA, M.J.T.; TAKEMOTO, R.M.; LIZAMA. M.A.P. Sanidade de Organismos Aquáticos. Ed. Livraria Varela. São Paulo. p.89í 120.
RANZANI-PAIVA, M.J.T.; LOMBARDI, J.V.;GONí"¡ALVES, A. 2011 Acute toxicity of sodium
selenite and sodium selenate in tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca,37(2): 191-197.
ROSENFELD, G. 1947 Método rápido de coloração de esfregaços de sangue. Noções práticas sobre corantes pancrômicos e estudo de diversos fatores. Memórias do Instituto Butantã, São Paulo,20: 315-328.
SIPAíÅ¡BA-TAVARES, L.H. 1995 Limnologia aplicada í aquicultura. Boletim Técnico no. 1. São Paulo:UNESP. 66p.
SORENSEN, E.M.B. 1991 Metal poisoning in fish.Florida: CRC Press. 597p.
SORENSEN, E.M.B. e BAUER, T.L. 1983 Hematological dyscrasia in teleosteos
chronically exposed to selenium laden effluent. Archives of Evironmental Contamination and Toxicology, 12: 135-141.
SORENSEN, E.M.B. and THOMAS, P. 1988 Selenium accumulation, reproductive status, and histopathological changes in environmentally exposed redear fish. Archives of Toxicology, 61(4):324-329.
SORENSEN, E.M.B.; CUMBIE, P.M.; BAUER, T.L.; BELL, J.S.; HARLAN, C.W. 1984
Histopathological, hematological, conditionfactor, and organ weight changes associated with selenium accumulation in fish from Belews Lake, North Carolina. Archives of Evironmental Contamination and Toxicology, 13:153-162.
STADTMAN, T.C. 1980 Selenium dependent enzymes. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 49: 93p.
TAVARES-DIAS, M.; ONO, E.A.; PILARSKI, F.;MORAES, F.R. 2007 Can thrombocytes
participate in the removal of cellular debris in the blood circulation of teleost fish? A
cytochemical study and ultrastructural analysis.Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23(6): 709-712.
WEEKS, B.A.; HUGGET, R.J.; WARINNER, J.E.; MATHEWS, E.S. 1990 Macrophage responses of estuarine fish as bioindicators of toxic contamination. In: MCCARTHY, J. e SHUGART,L. (Eds.) Biomakers of environmental contamination.Lewis Publishers: Universidade da Califórnia.p.193-201.
DEAKER, M. e MAHER, W. 1997 Low volume microwave digestion for the determination of selenium in marine biological tissues by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy.Analytica Chimica Acta, 350: 287-294.
EISLER, R. 1985 Selenium hazards to fish, wildlife and invertebrates: a synoptic review. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Biological Report, 85(1.5): 41p.
ENDO, T.; HARAGUCHI, K.; SAKATA, M. 2002 Mercury and selenium concentrations in the internal organs of toothed whales and dolphins marketed for human consumption in Japan. Science of the Total Environment, 300: 15-22.
FAISAL, M. e HUGGETT, R.J. 1993 Effluents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the
lymphocyte mitogenic responses in spot Leiostomus xanthurus. Marine Environmental Research, 35: 121-124.
FINLEY, K.A. 1985 Observations of bluegills fed selenium contaminated Hexagenia nymphs collected from Belews Lake. North Carolina. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 35: 816-825.
FRANí"¡A, J.G.; RANZANI-PAIVA, M.J.T.; LOMBARDI, J.V.; CARVALHO, S.; SERIANI, R.
2007 Toxicidade crônica do cloreto de mercúrio (HgCl2) associado ao selênio, através do estudo hematológico em tilápia Oreochromis niloticus.Bioikos, 21(1): 11-19.
GILL, T.S. e PANT, J.C. 1987 Hematological and pathological effects of chromium toxicosis in the freshwater fish, Barbus conchonius. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 35: 816-825.
GOEDE, R.W. e BARTEN, B.A. 1990 Organismic indices and an autopsy based assessment as indictors of health and condition of fish. In: AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM, 8: 93-108.
HAMILTON, S.J. e PALACE, V.P. 2001 Assessment of selenium effects in lotic ecosystems. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 50: 161-166.
HILTON, J.W.; HODSON, P.V.; SLINGER, S.J. 1980 The requeriment and toxicity of selenium in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Journal of Nutrition, 110: 2527-2535.
HRUBEC, T.C. e SMITH, S.A. 1998 Hematology of fish. In: WEISS, D.J. e WARDROP, K.J. (eds.) Schalm`s Veterinary Hematology. 5ª ed., p.1120-1125.
HUA, X.; ZHOU, H.; QIU, X.; LIU, X.; CAO, D.; ZHANG, D. 2001 Effects of dietary Bacillus sp.and selenoyeast on the growth and disease resistance of allogynogenetic crucian carp.Journal of Fisheries of China, 25(5): 448-453.
KENNEDY, C.J.; MCDONALD, L.E.; LOVERIDGE,R.; STROSHER, M.M. 2000 The effect of
bioaccumulated selenium on mortalities and deformities in the eggs, larvae, and fry of a wild population of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 39(1): 46-52.
KOZINSKA, A.; ANTYCHOWICZ, J.; KOSTRZEWA,P. 1999 Influence of thrombocytes activity on the susceptibility of the carp (Cyprimus carpio) to Aeromonas hydrophila injection at different tempetratures. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 43: 53-62.
LEMLY, A.D. 1993 Metabolic stress during winter increases the toxicity of selenium to fish. Aquatic Toxicology, 27: 133-158.
LEMLY, A.D. 2002 Symptoms and implications of selenium toxicity in fish: the Belews Lake case example. Aquatic Toxicology, 57: 39-49.
LIAO, C-Y.; ZHOU, Q-F.; FU, J-J.; SHI, J-B.; YUAN,C-G. 2007 Interaction of metylmercury and selenium on the bioaccumulation and histopathology in medaka (Oryzias latipes).Environmental Toxicology, 22(1): 69-77.
LIM, C.; KLESIUS, P.H.; WEBSTER, C.D. 2001 The role of dietary phosphorus, zinc, and selenium in fish health. In: LIM, C. e WEBSTER, C.D.(eds.) Nutrition and Fish Health. NY, USA Food Products Press. p.201-212.
LOHNER, T.W.; REASH, R.J.; WILLET, V.E.; ROSE,L.A. 2001 Assessment of tolerant sunfish populations (Lepomis sp.) inhabiting selenium laden coal ash effluents. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 50: 203-216.
MATUSHIMA, E.R. e MARIANO, M. 1996 Kinetics of the inflammatory reaction induced by carregenin in the swim bladder of Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia). Brazilian Journal of veterinary Research and Animal Science, 33: 5-10.
MCKIM, J.M.; CHRISTESEN, G.M.; HUNT, F.P. 1970 Changes in the blood of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) after shortí term and long-term exposure to copper. Journal of Fish Research Board of Canada, 27(1): 1883-1889.
MILLER, L.L.; WANG, F.; PALACE, V.P.;HONTELA, A. 2007 Effects of acute and subchronic exposures to waterborne selenite on the physiological stress response and oxidative stress indicators in juvenile rainbow trout.Aquatic Toxicology, 83(4): 263-271.
MUSCATELLO, J.R.; BENNETT, P.M.; HIMBEAULT,P.M. 2006 Larval deformities associated with selenium accumulation in northern pike (Esox lucius) exposed to metal mining effluent.Environmental Science Technology, 40(20): 6506-6512.
NOGA, E.J. 1995 Fish Disease: Diagnosis and treatment.Mosby-Year Book. St. Louis, Missori, USA. 367p.
OLIVEIRA-RIBEIRO, C.A.; PELLETIER, E.;PFEIFFER, W.C.; ROULEAU, C. 2000 Comparative uptake, bioaccumulation, and gill damages of inorganic mercury in tropical and Nordic freshwater fish. Environmental Research,Section A, 83: 286-292.
PETERS, G.M.; MAHER, W.A.; KRIKOWA, F.; ROACH, A.C.; JESWANI, H.K.; BARFORD, J.P.;
GOMES, V.G.; REIBLE, D.D. 1999 Selenium in sediments, pore waters and benthic infauna of Lake Macquarie, New south Wales, Australia.Marine Environmental Research, 47: 491-508.
RANZANI-PAIVA, M.J.T. e SILVA-SOUZA, A.T. 2004 Hematologia de peixes brasileiros. In: RANZANIPAIVA, M.J.T.; TAKEMOTO, R.M.; LIZAMA. M.A.P. Sanidade de Organismos Aquáticos. Ed. Livraria Varela. São Paulo. p.89í 120.
RANZANI-PAIVA, M.J.T.; LOMBARDI, J.V.;GONí"¡ALVES, A. 2011 Acute toxicity of sodium
selenite and sodium selenate in tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca,37(2): 191-197.
ROSENFELD, G. 1947 Método rápido de coloração de esfregaços de sangue. Noções práticas sobre corantes pancrômicos e estudo de diversos fatores. Memórias do Instituto Butantã, São Paulo,20: 315-328.
SIPAíÅ¡BA-TAVARES, L.H. 1995 Limnologia aplicada í aquicultura. Boletim Técnico no. 1. São Paulo:UNESP. 66p.
SORENSEN, E.M.B. 1991 Metal poisoning in fish.Florida: CRC Press. 597p.
SORENSEN, E.M.B. e BAUER, T.L. 1983 Hematological dyscrasia in teleosteos
chronically exposed to selenium laden effluent. Archives of Evironmental Contamination and Toxicology, 12: 135-141.
SORENSEN, E.M.B. and THOMAS, P. 1988 Selenium accumulation, reproductive status, and histopathological changes in environmentally exposed redear fish. Archives of Toxicology, 61(4):324-329.
SORENSEN, E.M.B.; CUMBIE, P.M.; BAUER, T.L.; BELL, J.S.; HARLAN, C.W. 1984
Histopathological, hematological, conditionfactor, and organ weight changes associated with selenium accumulation in fish from Belews Lake, North Carolina. Archives of Evironmental Contamination and Toxicology, 13:153-162.
STADTMAN, T.C. 1980 Selenium dependent enzymes. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 49: 93p.
TAVARES-DIAS, M.; ONO, E.A.; PILARSKI, F.;MORAES, F.R. 2007 Can thrombocytes
participate in the removal of cellular debris in the blood circulation of teleost fish? A
cytochemical study and ultrastructural analysis.Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23(6): 709-712.
WEEKS, B.A.; HUGGET, R.J.; WARINNER, J.E.; MATHEWS, E.S. 1990 Macrophage responses of estuarine fish as bioindicators of toxic contamination. In: MCCARTHY, J. e SHUGART,L. (Eds.) Biomakers of environmental contamination.Lewis Publishers: Universidade da Califórnia.p.193-201.
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2018-11-13
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