Hematologia e resposta inflamatória aguda em Oreochromis niloticus (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae) submetida aos estímulos único e consecutivo de estresse de captura
Palavras-chave:
Oreochromis niloticus, estresse, inflamação, carragenina, LPS, hematologiaResumo
Este trabalho avaliou os efeitos de duas intensidades de estresse de captura por 30 s de emersão sobre a hematologia e inflamação na bexiga natatória de Oreochromis niloticus. Os animais foram aclimatados durante 10 dias, distribuídos em 4 tratamentos: injeção de 0,5 mL de solução de cloreto de sódio 0,65%, 500 µg de carragenina, 3 mg de LPS/kg de peixe e sem injeção; 3 grupos experimentais constituídos por estímulo único (EU), estímulo consecutivo (EC) no qual o estresse foi aplicado 4 vezes a cada 60 min e sem estresse (SE), com 3 réplicas cada um. Não houve alteração na concentração de cortisol plasmático, número total de leucócitos no sangue e na porcentagem de hematócrito após EU, EC e SE. Por outro lado, o EC provocou aumento significativo da taxa de glicose em todos os tratamentos. Nos submetidos ao EU e EC observou-se aumento do número de eritrócitos após injeção de carragenina e LPS. Aumento da porcentagem de neutrófilos e diminuição daquela de linfócitos foram as principais características na contagem diferencial de leucócitos no sangue após EC. Por sua vez, nos peixes injetados com carragenina e LPS houve aumento significativo do número total de leucócitos no exsudato inflamatório em relação aos injetados com salina. A tilápia apresentou diferente resposta ao mesmo tipo de estresse em comparação com Piaractus mesopotamicus e o híbrido tambacu previamente avaliados.
Referências
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CARNEIRO, P.C.F.; MARTINS, M.L.; URBINATI, E.C. 2002 Effect of sodium chloride on physiological response and the gill parasite, Piscinoodinium sp., in matrinxã, Brycon cephalus (Teleostei: Characidae) subjected to transport stress. J. Aquac. Trop., New Delhi, 17 (4): 337-348.
CHADZINSKA, M.; SCISLOWSKA-CZARNECKA, A.;PLYTYCZ, B. 2000 Inhibitory effects of morphine on some inflammation-related parameters in the goldfish Carassius auratus L.Fish & Shellfish Immunol., Aberdeen, 10: 531-542.
DAVIS, E.L. e SCHRECK, C.B. 1997 The energetic response to handling stress in juvenile coho salmon. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., Bethesda, 126: 248-258.
DEMERS, N.E. e BAYNE, C.J. 1997 The immediate effects of stress on hormones and plasma lysozyme in rainbow trout. Dev. Comp. Immunol.,New York, 21 (4): 363-373.
DO VALE, A.; AFONSO, A.; SILVA, M.T. 2002 The professional phagocytes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.): cytochemical characteristics of neutrophils and macrophages in the normal and inflamed peritoneal cavity. Fish & Shellfish Immunol., Aberdeen, 13: 183-198.
ELLIS, A.E.; MUNROE, A.L.S.; ROBERTS, R.J. 1976 Defence mechanisms in fish. J. Fish Biol., London,8: 67-78.
ELLSAESSER, C.F. e CLEM, L.W. 1986 Haematological and immunological changes in chanel catfish stressed by handling and transport. J. Fish Biol., London, 28: 511-521.
FARSKY, S.P.; SANNOMIYA, P.; GARCIA LEME, J.1995 Secreted glucocorticoids regulate leukocyte-endothelial interactions in inflammation. A direct vital microscopic study.J. Leuk. Biol., Frederick, 57 (3): 379-386.
FINN, J.P. e NIELSEN, N.O. 1971 The inflammatory response of rainbow trout. J. Fish Biol., London,3: 463-478.
FLORES QUINTANA, C. 2002 Respostas locais e sistêmicas por endotoxinas em Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) tratados com cromo. Jaboticabal, SP, Centro de Aqüicultura, UNESP,67 p. (Tese de Doutorado, Caunesp).
FORSMANN, L.; PIRHONEN, J.; SOIVIO, A. 1998 Effect of long-term stress on the smolting of two forms of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) Aquaculture, Amsterdan, 168: 49-55.
GOLDENFARB, P.B.; BOWYER, F.P.; HALL, E.;BROSIUS, E. 1971 Reproductibility in the hematology laboratory: the microhematocrit determination. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., Philadelphia, 56: 35-39.
GOMES, L.C.; ARAUJO-LIMA, C.A.R.M.; ROUBACH, R.; CHIPPARI-GOMES, A.R.; LOPES, N.P.; URBINATI, E.C. 2003 Effect of fish density during transportation on stress and mortality of juvenile tambaqui Colossoma acropomum. J. World Aquac. Soc., Stoneville, 34 (1): 76-84.
HOUSTON, A. H.; DOBRIC, N.; KAHURANANGA,R. 1996 The nature of hematological response in fish. Fish Physiol. Biochem., Amsterdan, 15 (4): 339-347.
JENKINS, J.A. e KLESIUS, P.H. 1998 Elicitation of macrophages from the peritoneal cavity of channel catfish. J. Aquat. Anim. Health, Bethesda,10: 69-74.
JOHANSSON-SJí–BECK, M.-L.; DAVE, G.; LARSSON, A.; LEWANDER, K.; LIDMAN, U. 1978 Hematological effects of cortisol in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla L. Comp. Biochem.Physiol., Oxford, 60 A: 165-168.
KING, E.J. e GARNER, R.J. 1947 Colorimetric determination of glucose. J. Clin. Pathol.,London, 1: 30-33.
KRIEGER-AZZOLINI, M.H.; DELATTRE, E.; CARLSFELD, J.; CECCARELI, P.; MENEZES, F.V. 1989 A time-course study of phisiological indicators of handling stress in the tropical fish Piaractus mesopotamicus (Pacu). Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., Ribeirão Preto, 22: 1019-1022.
KUROGI, J. e IIDA, T. 2002 Impaired neutrophil defense activities and increased susceptibility to Edwardsiellosis by cortisol implantation in tilapia. Fish Pathol., Tokyo, 37 (1): 17-21.
MacARTHUR, J.I.; FLETCHER, T.C.; PIRIE, B.J.S.; DAVIDSON, R.J.L.; THOMSON, A.W. 1984 Peritoneal inflammatory cells in plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L.: effects of stress and endotoxin. J. Fish Biol., London, 25: 69-81.
MARTINS, M.L. 2000 Efeito da suplementação com vitamina C sobre a reação inflamatória em Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 estressados. Jaboticabal, SP, Centro de Aqüicultura 125 p.(Tese de Doutorado, Caunesp).
MARTINS, M.L.; MORAES, F.R.; MORAES, J.R.E.;MALHEIROS, E.C. 2000 Falha na resposta do cortisol ao estresse por captura e por carragenina em Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Osteichthyes: Characidae). Acta Scientiarum,Paraná, 22 (2): 545-552.
MARTINS, M.L.; ONAKA, E.M.; TAVARES-DIAS, M.; BOZZO, F.R.; MALHEIROS, E.B. 2001 Características hematológicas do híbrido tambacu, seis e 24 horas após a injeção de substí¢ncias irritantes na bexiga natatória.Rev. Ictiol., Corrientes, 9 (1-2): 25-31.
MARTINS, M.L.; MORAES, F.R.; FUJIMOTO, R.Y.;NOMURA, D.T.; FENERICK Jr, J. 2002 Respostas do híbrido tambacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 macho x Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818 fêmea) a estímulos
simples ou consecutivos de captura. Bol. Inst.Pesca, São Paulo, 28 (2): 195-204.
MARTINS, M.L.; NOMURA, D.T.; MYIAZAKI, D.M.Y.; PILARSKY, F.; RIBEIRO, K.; CASTRO, M.P.; CAMPOS, C.F.M. 2003a Physiological and haematological response of Oreochromis niloticus (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae) exposed to a single and consecutive stress of capture. Submetido para Acta Scientiarum, Maringá.
MARTINS, M.L.; MYIAZAKI, D.M.Y.; TAVARESDIAS, M.; FENERICK Jr., J.; ONAKA, E.M.;BOZZO, F.R.; FUJIMOTO, R.Y. 2003b Characterization of the acute inflammatory response in the hybrid tambacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus male x Colossoma macropomum female) induced by inflammatory agents in the swim bladder. Submetido para J. Aquac. Trop.,New Delhi.
MATSUYAMA, T. e IIDA, T. 1999 Degranulation of eosinophilic granular cells with posible involvement in neutrophil migration to site of inflammation in tilapia. Dev. Comp. Immunol., New York, 23: 451-457.
MATUSHIMA, E.R. e MARIANO, M. 1996 Kinetics of the inflammatory reaction induced by carrageenin in the swimbladder of Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim.Sci., São Paulo, 33 (1): 5-10.
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2018-07-03
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