Lysine in the diet of common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) fingerlings
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2017v43n3p464Keywords:
amino acids, nutrients, requirements, feedAbstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the lysine requirement of common carp fingerlings. Two hundred and eighty common carp fingerlings, with mean weight and mean length initial of 0.62 ± 0.05 g and 3.38 ± 0.11 cm respectively were randomly distributed into 28 squares net cages of 150 liters arranged inside a masonry circular tank with water capacity of 25 m3 (seven treatments and four replications). The fish were fed until apparent satiation, four times per day, with isoproteic and isoenergetic diets supplemented with lysine at 1.58, 1.81, 2.05, 2.29, 2.53, 2.76, and 3.0% of the diet for 57 days. Productive performance, survival rate, and chemical composition of the fish body were evaluated at the end of the study. The data obtained was subjected to regression analysis and, when significantly different (P<0.05), the Tukey multiple comparison test was used. Additionally, linear response plateau (LRP) analysis was performed. Lysine supplementation significantly improved (P<0.05) mean final weight, mean weight gain, and specific growth rate. However, lysine levels above 2.29% compromised the feed efficiency. Lysine requirements of common carp fingerlings were found to be 1.89% of the diet or 4.73% of the crude protein in the diet for obtain better growth.
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BOSCOLO, W.R.; HAYASHI, C.; MEURER, F. 2002 Digestibilidade Aparente da Energia e
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diets on the performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and apparent digestibility
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carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in fase to create again. Revista Electrónica de Veterinaria REDVET,
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crescimento de carpas (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) em duas densidades. Ciência Agrotecnica, 27(4):
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head kidney of Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Fish Physiology Biochemistry, 41(3): 635í 649.
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Lipid composition and metabolism of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) fed diets
containing wheat gluten and legume meals as substitutes for fish meal. Aquaculture, 376-379:
6-14.
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Labeo rohita, for the essential amino acid lysine.The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture, 49(1): 19-24.
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supplement in practical diets of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 464(1-4): 331í 339.
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a na capacidade de natação de Cyprinus carpio.Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 58(2): 263-272.
BHATNAGAR, A.; DEVI, P. 2013 Water quality guidelines for the management of pond fish culture. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3(6): 1980-2009.
BITTENCOURT, F.; SOUZA, B.E.; NEU, D.H.; RORATO, R.R.; BOSCOLO, W.R.; FEIDEN, A. 2013 Eugenol e benzocaína como anestésicos para juvenis de Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 (carpa comum). Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias, 8(1): 163-167.
BOSCOLO, W.R.; HAYASHI, C.; FEIDEN, A.; MEURER, F.; SIGNOR, A.A. 2008 Composição química e
digestibilidade aparente da energia e nutrientes da farinha de resíduos da indústria de filetagem
de tilápias para a tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Ciencia Rural, 38(9): 2579-2586.
BOSCOLO, W.R.; HAYASHI, C.; MEURER, F. 2002 Digestibilidade Aparente da Energia e
Nutrientes de Alimentos Convencionais e Alternativos para a Tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis
niloticus, L.). Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 31(2):539-545.
CHENG, Z.J.; HARDY, R.W.; USRY, J.L. 2003 Effects of lysine supplementation in plant protein-based
diets on the performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and apparent digestibility
coefficients of nutrients. Aquaculture, 215(1-4):255í 265.
COLDEBELLA, I.J.; RADíÅ“NZ-NETO, J.;MALLMANN, C.A.; VEIVERBERG, C.A.;BERGAMIN,G.T.; PEDRON, F.A.; FERREIRA,D.; BARCELLOS, L.J.G. 2011 The effects of different protein levels in the diet on
reproductive indexes of Rhamdia quelen females. Aquaculture, 312(1-4): 137í 144.
DENG, J.; K. MAI, Q.; AI, W.; ZHANG, X.; WANG, W.; XU, Z.; LIUFI. 2006 Effects of replacing
fish meal with soy protein concentrate on feed intake and growth of juvenile Japanese flounder,
Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture, 258(1-4):503í 513.
DENG, J.; ZHANG, X.; TAO, L.; BI, B.; KONG, L.; LEI, X. 2011 D-lysine can be effectively utilized
for growth by common carp (Cyprinus carpio).Aquaculture Nutrition, 17(2): 467-475.
DIEMER, O.; BITTENCOURT, F.; BARCELLOS, L.G.;BOSCOLO, W.R.; FEIDEN, A.; ROMAGOSA, E.
2014 Lysine in the diet of Rhamdia voulezi male broodstocks confined in net cages. Aquaculture,
434(1-4): 93í 99.
ESPE, M.; LEMME, A.; PETRI, A.; EL-MOWAFI,A. 2007 Assessment of lysine requirement for maximal protein accretion in Atlantic salmon using plant protein diets. Aquaculture, 263(1-4):168í 178.
FAGBENRO, O.A.; BALOGUN, A.M.; FASAKIN, E.A.; BELLO-OLUSOJI, O.A. 1998 Dietary
lysine requirement of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 8(2):
71-77.
FURUYA, W. M.; PEZZATO, L.E.; BARROS, M.M.; BOSCOLO, W.R.; CYRINO, J.E.P.; FURUYA, V.R.B.; FEIDEN, A. 2010 Tabelas Brasileiras para a Nutrição de Tilápias. Editora GFM, Toledo í Paraná. 100p.
FURUYA, W. M.; SANTOS, V.G.; SILVA, L.C.R.;FURUYA, V.R.B.; SAKAGUTI, E.S. 2006 Exigências de lisina digestível para juvenis de tilápia-do-nilo. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia,35(3): 937-942.
FURUYA, W.M.; GRACIANO, T.S.; VIDAL, L.V.O.; XAVIER, T.O.; GONGORA, L.D.; RIGHETTI, J.S.; FURUYA, V.R. 2012 Digestible lysine requirement of Nile tilapia fingerlings fed arginine-tolysine-balanced diets. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41(3): 485-490.
GOMES, L.C.; CHIPARI-GOMES, A.R.; LOPES, N.P.; ROUBACH, R.; ARAíÅ¡JO-LIMA, C.A.R.M. 2001 Efficacy of benzocaine as an anesthetic in juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum.
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 32(4):426-431.
GONí"¡ALVES, G. S.; PEZZATO, L.E.; BARROS, M.M.; TACHIBANA, L.; ROSA, M.J.S.; GUIMARíES,
I.G. 2009 Relação lisina digestível:proteína digestível em rações para tilápias-do-nilo. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(12): 2299-2305.
GRAEFF, A.; TOMAZELLI, A. 2007 Fontes e níveis de óleos na alimentação de carpa comum (Cyprinus carpio L.) na fase de crescimento. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 31(5): 1413-7054.
GRAEFF, A.; MONDARDO, M. 2006 Influência do probiótico no crescimento das carpas comum
(Cyprinus carpio l., 1758) na fase de recria - Influence of the probiotic in growth of common
carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in fase to create again. Revista Electrónica de Veterinaria REDVET,
7(11): 1-8.
GRAEFF, A.; PRUNER, E.N. 2003 Efeito de diferentes níveis de proteína bruta em rações para
crescimento de carpas (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) em duas densidades. Ciência Agrotecnica, 27(4):
894-902.
GONí"¡ALVES, G.S.; PEZZATO, L.E.; BARROS,M.M.; ROCHA, D.F.; KLEEMAN, G.K.; SANTA ROSA, M.J. 2009 Energia e nutrientes digestíveis de alimentos para tilápia do nilo. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 35(2): 201í 213.
HENRY-SILVA, G.G.; CAMARGO, A.F.M.; PEZZATO, L.E. 2006 Digestibilidade aparente de macrófitas aquáticas pela tilápia-do-nilo(Oreochromis niloticus) e qualidade da água em relação í s concentrações de nutrientes. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 35(3): 641-647.
HU, M.; WANG, Y.; WANG, Q.; ZHAO, M.; XIONG, B.; QIAN, X.; ZHAO, Y.; LUO, Z. 2008 Replacement of fish meal by rendered animal protein ingredients with lysine and methionine supplementation to practical diets for gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio. Aquaculture, 275(1-4): 260í 265.
HU, K.; ZHANG, J.X.; FENG, L.; JIANG, W.D.; WU, P.; LIU, Y.; JIANG, J.; ZHOU, X.Q. 2015 Effect
of dietary glutamine on growth performance, nonspecific immunity, expression of cytokine
genes, phosphorylation of target of rapamycin (TOR), and antioxidative system in spleen and
head kidney of Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Fish Physiology Biochemistry, 41(3): 635í 649.
JIN, M.; WANG, M.Q.; HUO, Y.W.; HUANG,W.W.; MAI, K.S.; ZHOU, Q.C. 2015 Dietary lysine requirement of juvenile swimming crab,Portunus trituberculatus. Aquaculture, 448(1-4):1í 7.
KHAN, M.N.; SHAHZAD, K.; CHATTA, A.;SOHAIL, M.; PIRIA, M.; TRER, T. 2016 A review of introduction of common carp Cyprinus carpio in Pakistan: origin, purpose, impact and
management. Croatian Journal of Fisheries, 74(1):71-80.
LEWANDOWSKI, V.; FEIDEN, A.; SIGNOR, A.; BITTENCOURT, F.; MORO, E.B.; PESSINI,J.E.; BOSCOLO, W.R. 2017 Digestibility of vegetal energetic ingredients supplemented with phytase for silver catfish (Rhamdia voulezi).Aquaculture, 467(1-4): 71-75.
MARKOVIC, Z.; POLEKSIC, V.; ZË"¡IVIC, I.;STANKOVIC, M.; C´UK, D.; SPASIC, M.; DULIC, Z.; RASË"¡KOVIC, B.; C´IRIC, M.;BOSË"¡KOVIC, D.; VUKOJEVIC, D. 2009 State of the art of fishery in Serbia. In: Proceedings of the IV International Conference ‘‘Fishery’’, 30-38, Serbia, 27-29 May/2009. Anais..... Faculty of Agriculture University of Belgrade, Serbia.
MESSINA, M.; PICCOLO, G.; TULLI, F.; MESSINA,C.M.; CARINALETTI, G.; TIBALDI, E. 2013
Lipid composition and metabolism of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) fed diets
containing wheat gluten and legume meals as substitutes for fish meal. Aquaculture, 376-379:
6-14.
MURTHY, H.S.; VARGHESE, T.J. 1997 Dietary requirement of juveniles of the indian major carp,
Labeo rohita, for the essential amino acid lysine.The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture, 49(1): 19-24.
NGUYEN, L.; DAVIS, D.A. 2016 Comparison of crystalline lysine and intact lysine used as a
supplement in practical diets of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 464(1-4): 331í 339.
NRC. 2011 Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp. National Academies Press, Washington, DC,
USA, 376p.
OMAR, S.S.; MERRIFIELD, D.L.; KíÅ“HLWEIN, H.; WILLIAMS, P.E.V.; DAVIES, S.J. 2012 Biofuel derived yeast protein concentrate (YPC) as a novel feed ingredient in carp diets. Aquaculture,330í 333: 54í 62.
O S T A S Z E W S K A , T . , D A B R O W S K I , K . , KAMASZEWSKI, M., GROCHOWSKI, P.,
VERRI, T., RZEPKOWSKA, M.; WOLNICKI,
J. 2010 The effect of plant protein-based diet supplemented with dipeptide or free amino
acids on digestive tract morphology and PepT1 and PepT2 expressions in common carp
(Cyprinus carpio L.). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 157(2): 158í 169.
PERES, H.; OLIVA-TELES, A. 2008 Lysine requirement and efficiency of lysine utilization
in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) juveniles. Aquaculture, 275(1-4): 283í 290.
PEZZATO, L.E.; MIRANDA, E.C.; BARROS, M.M.; PINTO, L.G.Q.; FURUYA, W.M.; PEZZATO, A.C.
2002 Digestibilidade aparente de ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus).
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 31(4): 1595-1604.
RAGGI, T.; BUENTELLO, A.; GATLIN III, D.M. 2016 Characterization of pantothenic acid deficiency
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2017-09-25
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