SCALE EFFICIENCY IN TAMBAQUI FARMING IN EARTH PONDS IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF MANAUS-AM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2020.46.2.584Keywords:
Colossoma macropomum;, data envelopment analysis;, production cost;, decision making; fish farming.Abstract
This study aimed at determining the scale efficiency in tambaqui production in earth ponds developed in the metropolitan region of Manaus-AM. Eleven fish farms were analyzed and were sampled data regarding its characteristics, productive data, disbursement, infrastructure value and production value, in order to calculate the total operational cost and profitability indexes. For the DEA was applied the VRS/BCC (variable return of scale) model with input orientation, using three inputs (total operational cost, feed value, and depreciation, all in BRL($) per kilo) and one output (annual gross revenue, in BRL($) per hectare). The study showed that 80% of the fish farms (DMUs) had increasing returns to scale, with scale efficiencies lower than 65%, affected by lack of profitability, low technical and marketing knowledge, high production cost (R$ 4.50 kg-1 ) and low average sales price (lower than R$ 5.00 kg-1).
References
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Benicio, J.; de Mello, J.C.S.; Meza, L.A. 2015. Efficiency in Increasing Returns of Scale Frontier. In: Póvoa A.; de Miranda J. (eds). Operations Research and Big Data. vol. 15, Springer, pp.15-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24154-8_3
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Gandra, A.L. 2010. O mercado de pescado da região metropolitana de Manaus. Montevidéu: Infopesca. 91p.
Gomes, E.G.; Mangabeira, J.A. de C.; Mello, J.C.C.B.S. de 2005. Análise de envoltória de dados para avaliação de eficiência e caracterização de tipologias em agricultura: um estudo de caso. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural, 43(4): 607-631. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-20032005000400001.
Gomes, L.D.; Chagas, E.C.; Martins-Junior, H.; Roubach, R.; Ono, E.A.; Lourenco, J.N.D. 2006. Cage culture of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in a central Amazon floodplain lake. Aquaculture, 253(1-4): 374-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.08.020.
IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. 2014. Produção da Pecuária Municipal 2014: resultados. 42: 1-39. Available at: <https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/periodicos/84/ppm_2014_v42_br.pdf> Accessed: August 6, 2020.
Iliyasu, A.; Mohamed, Z.A. 2015. Technical efficiency of tank culture systems in peninsular Malaysia: an application of data envelopment analysis. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 19: 372-386. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2015.1082118.
Iliyasu, A.; Mohamed, Z.A.; Ismail, M.M.; Abdullah, A.M.; Kamarudin, S.M.; Mazuki, H. 2014. A Review of production frontier research in aquaculture (2001-2011). Aquaculture Economics & Management, 18: 221-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2014.926464.
Irz, X.; Mckenzie, V. 2003. Profitability and technical efficiency of aquaculture systems in pampaanga, philippines. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 7: 195-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657300309380340.
Kareem, R.O.; Aromolaran, A.B.; Dipeolu, A.O. 2009. Economic Efficiency of Fish Farming in Ogun State, Nigeria. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 13: 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657300802679145.
Lima, J.P.; dos Santos, S.M.; de Oliveira, A.T.; Araujo, R.L.; da Silva Jr, J.A.L.; Aride, P.H.R. 2015. Pró-Rural Aquicultura: relatos das principais ações de extensão tecnológica e um panorama do setor aquícola do estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Nexus - Revista de Extensão do IFAM, 1(1): 35-45.
Matsunaga, M.; Bemelmans, P.F.; Toledo, P.E.N.; Dulley, R.D.; Okawa, H.; Pedroso, I.A. 1976. Metodologia de custo de produção utilizado pelo IEA. Agricultura em São Paulo, 23(1): 123-139.
Pedroza Filho, M.X.; Rodrigues, A.P.O.; Rezende, F.P. 2016. Diní¢mica da produção de tambaqui e demais peixes redondos no Brasil. Boletim Ativos da Aquicultura, 7: 5p.
Sabbag, O.J.; Costa, S. 2015. Technical efficiency of tilapia production in Ilha Solteira, SP: a nonparametric analysis. Boletim de Indústria Animal 72(2): 155-162. https://doi.org/10.17523/bia.v72n2p155.
Yin, X., Wang, A., Zhou, H., Wang, Q., Li, Z., Shao, P., 2014. Economic Efficiency of Crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Polyculture Farmers in the Coastal Area of Yancheng City, China. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 14: 429í 437. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v14_2_13.
Ali, A.I.; Seiford, L.M. 1993. The mathematical programming approach to efficiency analysis. The measurement of productive efficiency. In: Fried, H.O.; Schimidt, S.S.; Lovell, C.A.K. The Measurement of Productive Efficiency: Techniques and Applications. Oxford University. pp.120-159.
Amazonas, CEMAAM, Constituição Estadual de Meio Ambiente do Estado do Amazonas. 2008. RESOLUÇÃO nº 1, de 03 de julho de 2008. Estabelece normas e procedimentos para regularização ambiental de tanques, viveiros, barragens, pequenos reservatórios, canais de igarapés e tanques rede destinados para a aquicultura no estado do Amazonas. Diário Oficial do Estado, Amazonas, 03 de junho de 2008, Edição 31377, p.35-36.
Araujo-Lima, C.; Goulding, M. 1997. So fruitful a fish: ecology, conservation, and aquaculture of the Amazon’s tambaqui. Columbia University Press. 191p. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892998210344.
Asche, F.; Roll, K.H. 2013. Determinants of inefficiency in Norwegian salmon aquaculture. Aquaculture Economics & Management 17: 300-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2013.812154.
Asche, F.; Roll, K.H.; Tverterás, S. 2008. Future Trends in Aquaculture: Productivity Growth and Increased Production. In: Holmer, M.; Black, K.; Duarte, C.M.; Marba, N.; Karakassis (eds.), Aquaculture in the Ecosystem. Springer, London, pp.271-292.
Banker, R.D. 1984. Estimating most productive scale size using data envelopment analysis. European Journal of Operational Research, 17(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(84)90006-7.
Benicio, J.; de Mello, J.C.S.; Meza, L.A. 2015. Efficiency in Increasing Returns of Scale Frontier. In: Póvoa A.; de Miranda J. (eds). Operations Research and Big Data. vol. 15, Springer, pp.15-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24154-8_3
Cavero, B.A.S.; Rubim, M.A.L.; Pereira, T.M. 2009. Criação comercial do tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818). In: Tavares-Dias, M. (ed.). Manejo e sanidade de peixes em cultivo. Macapá, pp.33-46.
Charnes, A.; Cooper, W.W.; Rhodes, E. 1979. Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 3(4): 339. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(79)90229-7.
Cinemre, H.A.; Ceyhan, V.; Bozoglu, M.; Demiryurek, K.; Kilic, O. 2006. The cost efficiency of trout farms in the Black Sea Region, Turkey. Aquaculture, 251(2-4): 324í 332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.06.016.
Coelli, T.J. 1996. A guide to DEAP version 2.1: a data envelopment analysis (computer) program. Center for Efficiency and Productivity Analysis. Department of Econometrics. New England: University of New England. 49p. Available at: <https://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~econ380/DEAP.PDF> Accessed: August 05, 2020.
Costa, J.; Freitas, R.; Gomes, A.L.; Bernadino, G.; Carneiro, D.; Martins, M.I. 2016. Effect of stocking density on economic performance for Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816), juvenile in earthen ponds. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 44(1): 165-170.
Costa, J.I. 2013. Avaliação econômica e participação do plí¢ncton no cultivo de tambaqui em viveiros com diferentes densidades de estocagem. Jaboticabal, 88 f. (Dissertação de mestrado, Centro de Aquicultura, UNESP). Available at: <https://repositorio.unesp.br/handle/11449/96669> Accessed: August 05, 2020.
Gandra, A.L. 2010. O mercado de pescado da região metropolitana de Manaus. Montevidéu: Infopesca. 91p.
Gomes, E.G.; Mangabeira, J.A. de C.; Mello, J.C.C.B.S. de 2005. Análise de envoltória de dados para avaliação de eficiência e caracterização de tipologias em agricultura: um estudo de caso. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural, 43(4): 607-631. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-20032005000400001.
Gomes, L.D.; Chagas, E.C.; Martins-Junior, H.; Roubach, R.; Ono, E.A.; Lourenco, J.N.D. 2006. Cage culture of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in a central Amazon floodplain lake. Aquaculture, 253(1-4): 374-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.08.020.
IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. 2014. Produção da Pecuária Municipal 2014: resultados. 42: 1-39. Available at: <https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/periodicos/84/ppm_2014_v42_br.pdf> Accessed: August 6, 2020.
Iliyasu, A.; Mohamed, Z.A. 2015. Technical efficiency of tank culture systems in peninsular Malaysia: an application of data envelopment analysis. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 19: 372-386. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2015.1082118.
Iliyasu, A.; Mohamed, Z.A.; Ismail, M.M.; Abdullah, A.M.; Kamarudin, S.M.; Mazuki, H. 2014. A Review of production frontier research in aquaculture (2001-2011). Aquaculture Economics & Management, 18: 221-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2014.926464.
Irz, X.; Mckenzie, V. 2003. Profitability and technical efficiency of aquaculture systems in pampaanga, philippines. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 7: 195-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657300309380340.
Kareem, R.O.; Aromolaran, A.B.; Dipeolu, A.O. 2009. Economic Efficiency of Fish Farming in Ogun State, Nigeria. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 13: 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/13657300802679145.
Lima, J.P.; dos Santos, S.M.; de Oliveira, A.T.; Araujo, R.L.; da Silva Jr, J.A.L.; Aride, P.H.R. 2015. Pró-Rural Aquicultura: relatos das principais ações de extensão tecnológica e um panorama do setor aquícola do estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Nexus - Revista de Extensão do IFAM, 1(1): 35-45.
Matsunaga, M.; Bemelmans, P.F.; Toledo, P.E.N.; Dulley, R.D.; Okawa, H.; Pedroso, I.A. 1976. Metodologia de custo de produção utilizado pelo IEA. Agricultura em São Paulo, 23(1): 123-139.
Pedroza Filho, M.X.; Rodrigues, A.P.O.; Rezende, F.P. 2016. Diní¢mica da produção de tambaqui e demais peixes redondos no Brasil. Boletim Ativos da Aquicultura, 7: 5p.
Sabbag, O.J.; Costa, S. 2015. Technical efficiency of tilapia production in Ilha Solteira, SP: a nonparametric analysis. Boletim de Indústria Animal 72(2): 155-162. https://doi.org/10.17523/bia.v72n2p155.
Yin, X., Wang, A., Zhou, H., Wang, Q., Li, Z., Shao, P., 2014. Economic Efficiency of Crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Polyculture Farmers in the Coastal Area of Yancheng City, China. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 14: 429í 437. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v14_2_13.
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2020-10-07
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