Interferência do recife artificial marinho (RAM) na pesca artesanal do Brasil: uso de conhecimentos tradicionais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2022.48.e661Palavras-chave:
artisanal fishermen;, local knowledge;, submerged reefs;, fishery management;, southeastern Brazil.Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os conhecimentos tradicionais dos pescadores artesanais relacionados ao recife artificial marinho (RAM) navio Victory 8B e identificar possíveis alterações na área de pesca após a sua instalação. Foram realizadas entrevistas etnográficas (n = 80) por meio de questionário semi-estruturado, sendo aplicado o método de observação participante e uso do diário de campo. Todos os entrevistados eram homens com idades entre 27 e 77 anos, com baixa escolaridade e até 60 anos de experiência na pesca artesanal. A maioria dos entrevistados (n = 71; 88,7%) reconhece a presença deste RAM na região, seu papel como abrigo para a fauna marinha e como atrator de espécies com valor comercial. Mesmo com a proibição da pesca nas proximidades do RAM Victory 8B, a maioria dos entrevistados (n = 75; 93,7%) relatou a prática naquela área. Segundo os pescadores, a instalação do navio não alterou a área de pesca, mas a estrutura mudou positivamente a atividade, atraindo mais peixes, aumentando a captura e os lucros. Com isso, na percepção dos pescadores, o RAM Victory 8B cumpriu seu papel no enriquecimento do estoque pesqueiro e na conservação da biodiversidade marinha da região.
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Espinoza, C.; Gallardo,V.A.; Merino, C.; Pizarro, P.; Liu, K.M. 2020. Sustainability of the artisanal fishery in Northern Chile: a case study of Caleta Pisagua. Sustainability, 12(18): 72-90. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187290.
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Folpp, H.R.; Schilling, H.T.; Clark, G.F.; Lowry,M.B.; Maslen, B.; Gregson, M.; Suthers, M. 2020. Artificial reefs increase fish abundance in habitat-limited estuaries. Journal of Applied Ecology, 57(9): 1752-1761. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13666.
Harrison, S.; Rousseau, M. 2020. Comparison of artificial and natural reef productivity in Nantucket Sound, MA, USA. Estuaries and Coasts, 43: 2092-2105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-020-00749-6.
Hylkema,A.; Hakkaart, Q.C.A.; Reid, C.B.; Osinga,R.; Murk,A.J.; Debrot, A.O. 2021. Artificial reefs in the Caribbean: a need for comprehensive monitoring and integration into marine management plans. Ocean & Coastal Management, 209: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105672.
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Lima, J.S.; Zappes, C.A.; Di Beneditto, A.P.M.; Zalmon, I.R. 2018. Artisanal ï¬Âsheries and artiï¬Âcial reefs on the southeast coast of Brazil: Contributions to research and management. Ocean & Coastal Management, 163: 372-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.07.018.
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