Avaliação de dispositivos para redução da ictiofauna acompanhante na pesca de arrasto dirigida ao camarão sete-barbas
Palavras-chave:
redes de arrasto modificadas, dispositivo para redução de fauna acompanhante (BRD), ictiofauna, Xiphopenaeus kroyeriResumo
A pesca do camarão, realizada com rede de arrasto pelo sistema de portas, causa grande impacto no ecossistema marinho, especialmente no estrato demersal-bentônico. Para diminuir esse impacto, alguns países testaram e implementaram os dispositivos de redução de fauna acompanhante (BRD í "bycatch reduction deviceâ€Â). Para testar a eficiência de quatro BRDs (incluindo grelhas separadoras e ensacadores de malha quadrada) na pesca dirigida ao camarão sete-barbas (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) no litoral paranaense foram realizados 108 arrastos (uma hora cada um), em nove meses de coleta, com um total de 27 arrastos para cada dispositivo. Duas redes foram arrastadas simultaneamente, uma em cada bordo da embarcação, sendo uma padrão para a pesca local e outra com BRD instalado no ensacador. No total, as redes modificadas capturaram 187,00 kg de peixes e 485,26 kg de camarão. Todos os dispositivos reduziram significativamente a ictiofauna (Teste t: P<0,05), sendo que a maior redução média ocorreu na rede com a grelha G24 (56,71%) e a menor ocorreu com a malha quadrada (MQ) (17,98%). A redução média na rede com a grelha G37 e na rede com janela de escape (JE) foi de 52,92% e 34,46%, respectivamente. Para o camarão, apenas com a MQ não houve diferença significativa entre as biomassas (Teste t: P = 0,57). A maior redução na captura ocorreu com a G37 (32,08%). A redução média da G24 e da JE foi de 15,77% e 8,01%, respectivamente. Conclui-se que todos os dispositivos foram eficientes na exclusão da ictiofauna, mas apenas a MQ não reduziu significativamente a captura de camarão.
Referências
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ARMITAGE, D.; BERKES, F.; DOUBLEDAY, N. 2007 Adaptive co-management: collaboration, learning and multi-level governance. Vancouver: UBC Press. 360p.
BELLIDO, J.M.; SANTOS, M.B.; PENNINO, M.G.; VALEIRAS, X.; PIERCE, G.J. 2011 Fishery
discards and bycatch: solutions for an ecosystem aproach to fisheries management? Hydrobiologia, Amsterdam, 670: 317-333.
BERKES, F. 2011 Implementing ecosystem-based management: evolution or revolution? Fish and Fisheries, Vancouver, 13(2): 1-12.
BRASIL 2011 Instrução Normativa Interministerial n°03, de 28 de janeiro de 2011. Diário Oficial da União, seção 1, página 147, de 31 de janeiro de 2011. Disponível em: http://www.ibama.gov.br/cepsul Acesso em: 15 de abril de 2011.
BREWER, D.; RAWLINSON, N.; EAYRS, S.;BURRIDGE, C. 1998 An assessment of bycatch
reduction devices in a tropical Australian prawn trawl fishery. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 36:195-215.
BRANCO, J.O. 2005 Biologia e pesca do camarãosete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller)(Crustacea, Penaeidae) na Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha, Santa Catarina. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 22(4): 1050-1060.
BROADHURST, M. 2000 Modifications to reduce bycatch in prawn trawls: A review and framework for development. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Anchorage, 10: 27-60.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1994 Reducing the bycatch of juvenile fish (mulloway) in the Hawkesbury River prawntrawl fishery using square-mesh panels in
codends. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 19: 321-331.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1995 A trouser-trawl experiment to assess codends that exclude juvenile mulloway (Argyrosomus hololepidotus) in the Hawkesbury River prawn trawl fishery. Marine Freshwater Research,Collingwood, 46: 953-958.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1996a Effects of the circumference of codends and a new design of square-mesh panel in reducing unwanted bycatch in the New South Wales oceanic prawn-trawl fishery, Australia. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 27: 203-214.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1996b Rigid and flexible separator-panels in trawls that reduce the bycatch of small fish in the Clarence River prawn-trawl fishery, Australia. Marine Freshwater Research, Collingwood, 47:991-998.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1997 The composite squaremesh panel: a modification to codends for reducing unwanted bycatch and increasing catches of prawns throughout the New South Wales oceanic prawn-trawl. Fisheries Bulletin, Seattle, 95: 653-664.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KENNELLY, S.J.; ISAKSEN, B. 1996 Assessments of modified codends that reduce the bycatch of fish in two estuarine prawn-trawl fisheries in New South Wales, Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 27: 89-111.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KENNELLY, S.J.; O’DOHERTY, G. 1997a Specifications for the
construction and installation of two bycatch reducing devices (BRDs) used in New South Wales prawn-trawl fisheries. Marine Freshwater Research, Collingwood, 48: 485-489.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KENNELLY, S.J.; WATSON,J.; WORKMAN, I. 1997b Evaluations of the Nordmí¸re-grid and secondary bycatch reducing devices (BRDs) in the Hunter River prawn-trawl fishery, Austrália. Fisheries Bulletin, Seattle, 95:210-219.
BROADHURST, M.K.; LARSEN, R.B.; KENNELLY,S.J.; MCSHANE, P.E. 1999 Use and success of composite square-mesh codends in reducing bycatch and in improving size-selectivity of prawns in Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia. Fisheries Bulletin, Seattle, 97: 434-448.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KANGASC, M.I.;DAMIANOD, C.; BICKFORDC, S.A.;KENNELLY, S.J. 2002 Using composite squaremesh panels and the Nordmí¸re-grid to reduce bycatch in the Shark Bay prawn-trawl fishery, Western Australia. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 58: 349-365.
BROADHURST, M.K.; MILLAR, R.B.; KENNELLY, S.J.; MACBETH, W.G.; YOUNG, D.J.; GRAY, C.A. 2004 Selectivity of conventional diamondand novel square-mesh codends in an Australian estuarine penaeid-trawl. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 67(2): 183-194.
BROADHURST, M.K.; MILLAR, R.B.; WOODEN, M.E.L.; MACBETH, W.G. 2006a Optimising codend configuration in a multispecies demersal trawl fishery. Fisheries Management and Ecology,Hull, 13: 81-92.
BROADHURST, M.K.; SUURONEN, P.; HULME, A.2006b Estimating collateral mortality from towed fishing gear. Fish and Fisheries, Vancouver,7: 180-218.
BROADHURST, M.K.; BRAND, C.P.; KENNELY, S.J.2012 Evolving and devolving bycatch reduction devices in an Australian penaeid-trawl fishery.Fisheries research, Amsterdam, 112: 68-75.
BROTHERS, G. 1992 Shrimping with sorting panels and modified trawls. In: JONES, R.P. International Conference on Shrimp Bycatch. Southeastern Fisheries Association, Tallahassee,p.303í 324.
CADDY, J.F. 2008 The importance of cover in life histories. Bulletin of Marine Science, Miami, 83(1):7í 52.
CATTANI, A.P.; SANTOS, L. de O.; SPACH, H.L.;BUDEL, B.R.; GONDIM-GUANAIS, J.H.D. 2011 Avaliação da ictiofauna da fauna acompanhante da pesca do camarão sete-barbas do Município de Pontal do Paraná, litoral do Paraná, Brasil.Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 37(3):235-246.
CHAVES, P.T. e ROBERT, M.C. 2003 Embarcações, artes e procedimentos da pesca artesanal no litoral sul do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Atlí¢ntica,Rio Grande, 25(1): 53-59.
CONOLLY, P.C. 1992 Bycatch activities in Brazil. In: JONES, R.P. International Conference on Shrimp Bycatch. Southeastern Fisheries Association,Tallahassee. p.291í 302.
CROWDER, L.B. e MURAWSKI, S.E. 1998. Fisheries Bycatch: Implications for Management Fisheries, Philadelphia, 23(6): 8-17.
D’INCAO, F.; VALENTINI, H.; RODRIGUES, L.F.2002 Avaliação da pesca de camarões nas regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Atlí¢ntica, Rio Grande, 24(2): 103-116.
EAYRS, S.A. 2007 Guide to Bycatch Reduction in Tropical Shrimp-Trawl Fisheries. Revised edition, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO Rome. 108p.
FAO - FOOD AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS 2005 Putting into practice the ecosystem approach to fisheries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, Roma, 4(2nd ed.): 1í 86.
FOPPA, C.C. 2009 Comunidades pesqueiras e a construção de territórios sustentáveis na zona costeira: uma leitura a partir da Área de Proteção Ambiental da Costa Brava em Balneário Camboriú. Florianópolis. 247p.(Dissertação de mestrado. Programa de
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GARCIA, S. e COCHRANE, K. 2005 Ecosystem approach to fisheries: a review of
implementation guidelines. ICES Journal of Marine Science, Storebí¸, 62(3): 311í 318.
GARCIA, S.M.; ZERBI, A.; ALIAUME, C.; DO CHI, T. 2003 The ecosystem approach to fisheries: Issues, terminology, principles, institutional foudations,implementation and outlook. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, Rome, 43: 71p.
GRAí"¡A-LOPES, R. da; TOMÁS, A.R.G.; TUTUI,E.S.R.; SEVERINO-RODRIGUES, E.; PUZZI, A. 2002 Comparação da diní¢mica de Desembarques de frotas camaroeiras do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca,São Paulo, 28(2): 163-171.
GRAí"¡A-LOPES, R. da; SANTOS, E.P. dos; SEVERINO-RODRIGUES, E.; BRAGA, F.M. de
S.; Puzzi, A. 2007 Aportes ao conhecimento da biologia e da pesca do camarão-sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) no litoral do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 33(1): 63í 84.
GUNDERSON, L.H. e HOLLING, C.S. 2002 Panarchy:understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Washington: Island Press. 532p.
HICKEY, W.M.; BROTHERS, G.; BOULOS, D.L. 1993 Bycatch reduction in the northern shrimp fishery. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Ottawa, 1964: 41p.
HOLLING, C.S. e MEFFE, G.K. 1996 Command and control and the pathology of natural resource management. Conservation Biology, Washington,10: 328í 337.
HOLLING, C.S.; BERKES, F.; FOLKE, C. 1998 Science,sustainability and resource management. In: BERKES, F. e FOLKE, C. Linking social and ecological systems: management pratices and social mechanisms for building resilience. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. p.342-362.
ISAAC, V.J. 1999 Fisheries bycatch in the northern coast of Brazil. In: CLUCAS, I.D. e TEUTSCHER, F. Report and proceedings of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO/DFID expert consultation on bycatch utilization in tropical
fisheries. Beijing. p.273-294.
ISAKSEN, B.; VALDEMARSEN, J.W.; LARSEN,R.B.; KARLSEN, L. 1992 Reduction of fish bycatch in shrimp trawl using a rigid separator grid in the aft belly. Fisheries Research,Amsterdam, 13: 335-352.
JENTOFT, S. 2006 Beyond fisheries management:The phronetic dimension. Marine Policy, Vancouver, 30(6): 671í 680.
KELLEHER, K. 2005 Discards in the world´s marine fisheries. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, Rome, 470: 131p.
KEUNECKE, K.A.; VIANNA, M.; FONSECA, D.B.; DINCAO, F. 2007 The pink-shrimp trawling bycatch in the northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil, with emphasis on crustaceans. Nauplius,Porto Alegre, 15(2): 49-55.
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ANDREW, N.L.; KENNELLY, S.J.; BROADHURST,M.K. 1993 An application of the Morrison soft TED to the offshore prawn fishery in New South Wales, Austrália. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam,16: 101-111.
ARMITAGE, D.; BERKES, F.; DOUBLEDAY, N. 2007 Adaptive co-management: collaboration, learning and multi-level governance. Vancouver: UBC Press. 360p.
BELLIDO, J.M.; SANTOS, M.B.; PENNINO, M.G.; VALEIRAS, X.; PIERCE, G.J. 2011 Fishery
discards and bycatch: solutions for an ecosystem aproach to fisheries management? Hydrobiologia, Amsterdam, 670: 317-333.
BERKES, F. 2011 Implementing ecosystem-based management: evolution or revolution? Fish and Fisheries, Vancouver, 13(2): 1-12.
BRASIL 2011 Instrução Normativa Interministerial n°03, de 28 de janeiro de 2011. Diário Oficial da União, seção 1, página 147, de 31 de janeiro de 2011. Disponível em: http://www.ibama.gov.br/cepsul Acesso em: 15 de abril de 2011.
BREWER, D.; RAWLINSON, N.; EAYRS, S.;BURRIDGE, C. 1998 An assessment of bycatch
reduction devices in a tropical Australian prawn trawl fishery. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 36:195-215.
BRANCO, J.O. 2005 Biologia e pesca do camarãosete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller)(Crustacea, Penaeidae) na Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha, Santa Catarina. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 22(4): 1050-1060.
BROADHURST, M. 2000 Modifications to reduce bycatch in prawn trawls: A review and framework for development. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Anchorage, 10: 27-60.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1994 Reducing the bycatch of juvenile fish (mulloway) in the Hawkesbury River prawntrawl fishery using square-mesh panels in
codends. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 19: 321-331.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1995 A trouser-trawl experiment to assess codends that exclude juvenile mulloway (Argyrosomus hololepidotus) in the Hawkesbury River prawn trawl fishery. Marine Freshwater Research,Collingwood, 46: 953-958.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1996a Effects of the circumference of codends and a new design of square-mesh panel in reducing unwanted bycatch in the New South Wales oceanic prawn-trawl fishery, Australia. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 27: 203-214.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1996b Rigid and flexible separator-panels in trawls that reduce the bycatch of small fish in the Clarence River prawn-trawl fishery, Australia. Marine Freshwater Research, Collingwood, 47:991-998.
BROADHURST, M.K. e KENNELLY, S.J. 1997 The composite squaremesh panel: a modification to codends for reducing unwanted bycatch and increasing catches of prawns throughout the New South Wales oceanic prawn-trawl. Fisheries Bulletin, Seattle, 95: 653-664.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KENNELLY, S.J.; ISAKSEN, B. 1996 Assessments of modified codends that reduce the bycatch of fish in two estuarine prawn-trawl fisheries in New South Wales, Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 27: 89-111.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KENNELLY, S.J.; O’DOHERTY, G. 1997a Specifications for the
construction and installation of two bycatch reducing devices (BRDs) used in New South Wales prawn-trawl fisheries. Marine Freshwater Research, Collingwood, 48: 485-489.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KENNELLY, S.J.; WATSON,J.; WORKMAN, I. 1997b Evaluations of the Nordmí¸re-grid and secondary bycatch reducing devices (BRDs) in the Hunter River prawn-trawl fishery, Austrália. Fisheries Bulletin, Seattle, 95:210-219.
BROADHURST, M.K.; LARSEN, R.B.; KENNELLY,S.J.; MCSHANE, P.E. 1999 Use and success of composite square-mesh codends in reducing bycatch and in improving size-selectivity of prawns in Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia. Fisheries Bulletin, Seattle, 97: 434-448.
BROADHURST, M.K.; KANGASC, M.I.;DAMIANOD, C.; BICKFORDC, S.A.;KENNELLY, S.J. 2002 Using composite squaremesh panels and the Nordmí¸re-grid to reduce bycatch in the Shark Bay prawn-trawl fishery, Western Australia. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 58: 349-365.
BROADHURST, M.K.; MILLAR, R.B.; KENNELLY, S.J.; MACBETH, W.G.; YOUNG, D.J.; GRAY, C.A. 2004 Selectivity of conventional diamondand novel square-mesh codends in an Australian estuarine penaeid-trawl. Fisheries Research, Amsterdam, 67(2): 183-194.
BROADHURST, M.K.; MILLAR, R.B.; WOODEN, M.E.L.; MACBETH, W.G. 2006a Optimising codend configuration in a multispecies demersal trawl fishery. Fisheries Management and Ecology,Hull, 13: 81-92.
BROADHURST, M.K.; SUURONEN, P.; HULME, A.2006b Estimating collateral mortality from towed fishing gear. Fish and Fisheries, Vancouver,7: 180-218.
BROADHURST, M.K.; BRAND, C.P.; KENNELY, S.J.2012 Evolving and devolving bycatch reduction devices in an Australian penaeid-trawl fishery.Fisheries research, Amsterdam, 112: 68-75.
BROTHERS, G. 1992 Shrimping with sorting panels and modified trawls. In: JONES, R.P. International Conference on Shrimp Bycatch. Southeastern Fisheries Association, Tallahassee,p.303í 324.
CADDY, J.F. 2008 The importance of cover in life histories. Bulletin of Marine Science, Miami, 83(1):7í 52.
CATTANI, A.P.; SANTOS, L. de O.; SPACH, H.L.;BUDEL, B.R.; GONDIM-GUANAIS, J.H.D. 2011 Avaliação da ictiofauna da fauna acompanhante da pesca do camarão sete-barbas do Município de Pontal do Paraná, litoral do Paraná, Brasil.Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 37(3):235-246.
CHAVES, P.T. e ROBERT, M.C. 2003 Embarcações, artes e procedimentos da pesca artesanal no litoral sul do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Atlí¢ntica,Rio Grande, 25(1): 53-59.
CONOLLY, P.C. 1992 Bycatch activities in Brazil. In: JONES, R.P. International Conference on Shrimp Bycatch. Southeastern Fisheries Association,Tallahassee. p.291í 302.
CROWDER, L.B. e MURAWSKI, S.E. 1998. Fisheries Bycatch: Implications for Management Fisheries, Philadelphia, 23(6): 8-17.
D’INCAO, F.; VALENTINI, H.; RODRIGUES, L.F.2002 Avaliação da pesca de camarões nas regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Atlí¢ntica, Rio Grande, 24(2): 103-116.
EAYRS, S.A. 2007 Guide to Bycatch Reduction in Tropical Shrimp-Trawl Fisheries. Revised edition, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO Rome. 108p.
FAO - FOOD AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS 2005 Putting into practice the ecosystem approach to fisheries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, Roma, 4(2nd ed.): 1í 86.
FOPPA, C.C. 2009 Comunidades pesqueiras e a construção de territórios sustentáveis na zona costeira: uma leitura a partir da Área de Proteção Ambiental da Costa Brava em Balneário Camboriú. Florianópolis. 247p.(Dissertação de mestrado. Programa de
Mestrado Profissional em Planejamento Territorial e Desenvolvimento Socio-Ambiental. Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina).Disponível em: http://www.pergamumweb.udesc.br/biblioteca/index.php?resolution2=1024_1#posicao_dados_acervo
FRANCO, A.C.N.P.; SCHWARZ, R.J.; PIERRI, N.;SANTOS, G.C. 2009 Levantamento,
sistematização e análise da legislação aplicada ao defeso da pesca de camarões para as regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 35(4): 687-699.
GARCIA, S. e COCHRANE, K. 2005 Ecosystem approach to fisheries: a review of
implementation guidelines. ICES Journal of Marine Science, Storebí¸, 62(3): 311í 318.
GARCIA, S.M.; ZERBI, A.; ALIAUME, C.; DO CHI, T. 2003 The ecosystem approach to fisheries: Issues, terminology, principles, institutional foudations,implementation and outlook. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, Rome, 43: 71p.
GRAí"¡A-LOPES, R. da; TOMÁS, A.R.G.; TUTUI,E.S.R.; SEVERINO-RODRIGUES, E.; PUZZI, A. 2002 Comparação da diní¢mica de Desembarques de frotas camaroeiras do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca,São Paulo, 28(2): 163-171.
GRAí"¡A-LOPES, R. da; SANTOS, E.P. dos; SEVERINO-RODRIGUES, E.; BRAGA, F.M. de
S.; Puzzi, A. 2007 Aportes ao conhecimento da biologia e da pesca do camarão-sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) no litoral do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 33(1): 63í 84.
GUNDERSON, L.H. e HOLLING, C.S. 2002 Panarchy:understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Washington: Island Press. 532p.
HICKEY, W.M.; BROTHERS, G.; BOULOS, D.L. 1993 Bycatch reduction in the northern shrimp fishery. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Ottawa, 1964: 41p.
HOLLING, C.S. e MEFFE, G.K. 1996 Command and control and the pathology of natural resource management. Conservation Biology, Washington,10: 328í 337.
HOLLING, C.S.; BERKES, F.; FOLKE, C. 1998 Science,sustainability and resource management. In: BERKES, F. e FOLKE, C. Linking social and ecological systems: management pratices and social mechanisms for building resilience. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. p.342-362.
ISAAC, V.J. 1999 Fisheries bycatch in the northern coast of Brazil. In: CLUCAS, I.D. e TEUTSCHER, F. Report and proceedings of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO/DFID expert consultation on bycatch utilization in tropical
fisheries. Beijing. p.273-294.
ISAKSEN, B.; VALDEMARSEN, J.W.; LARSEN,R.B.; KARLSEN, L. 1992 Reduction of fish bycatch in shrimp trawl using a rigid separator grid in the aft belly. Fisheries Research,Amsterdam, 13: 335-352.
JENTOFT, S. 2006 Beyond fisheries management:The phronetic dimension. Marine Policy, Vancouver, 30(6): 671í 680.
KELLEHER, K. 2005 Discards in the world´s marine fisheries. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, Rome, 470: 131p.
KEUNECKE, K.A.; VIANNA, M.; FONSECA, D.B.; DINCAO, F. 2007 The pink-shrimp trawling bycatch in the northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil, with emphasis on crustaceans. Nauplius,Porto Alegre, 15(2): 49-55.
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2018-11-11
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