Larval survival at early stages of the amphidromous prawn Macrobrachium acanthurus and Macrobrachium olfersii (Caridea: Palaemonidae) in different salinities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2026.52.e951Keywords:
Larviculture, Native species, Latin America, Sustainable aquacultureAbstract
Macrobrachium acanthurus and M. olfersii have been widely studied, with M. acanthurus recognized for its aquaculture potential. Both species exhibit an amphidromous life cycle, in which larvae migrate to brackish waters to complete their development. This study evaluated the effect of salinity on early larval survival, testing two hypotheses: 1) that gradual acclimation to lower salinities increases short-term survival; and 2) that there is an optimal salinity range for larval survival. Two experiments were conducted. The first evaluated the short-term survival of M. olfersii larvae during gradual acclimation from freshwater to different salinities (0, 6, 11, 14, 20, and 24 g/L). Survival was high (86–94%) and showed no significant differences among treatments, rejecting the first hypothesis but confirming the effectiveness of the acclimation protocol. The second experiment evaluated the long-term survival of both species at salinities of 0, 6, 12, 16, 22, and 28 g/L. Survival was significantly influenced by salinity, with higher mortality at the extremes and better performance at intermediate levels. Nevertheless, the overall decline indicates that successful larviculture depends on the interaction between salinity, nutrition, and other environmental factors.
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