A incorporação de óleo de peixe na dieta pode melhorar o desempenho da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus?
Palavras-chave:
Serranidae, nutrição, mariculturaResumo
Avaliou-se o desempenho da garoupa-verdadeira submetida í dieta comercial (8,8% de extrato etéreo) com incorporação de óleo de peixe em três diferentes proporções: dieta 1 = ração comercial sem acréscimo de óleo; dieta 2 = ração comercial acrescida de 4% de óleo e dieta 3 = ração comercial acrescida de 8% de óleo. Exemplares com 29,2 ± 1,3 g e 12,2 ± 0,7 cm foram distribuídos em nove tanques (150 L, 10 peixes tanque-1) e alimentados com as três dietas experimentais por 90 dias. As variáveis de qualidade de água (temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, amônia total e salinidade) foram mantidas dentro da faixa recomendada para a espécie. O acréscimo de 4% de óleo de peixe na ração utilizada para a garoupa-verdadeira proporcionou resultados superiores de desempenho quando comparada a rações com distintos teores energéticos.
Referências
ABDULLAH, M.S.; WUAN, T.O.; KAWAHARA, S.1987 Preliminary studies in stocking density and production of hamoor Epinephelus tauvina in PVC-lined raceways. Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 18(4): 126-132.
BOMBEO-TUBURAN, I.; CONIZA, E.B.; RODRIGUES, E.M.; AGBAYANI, R. 2001
Culture and economics of wild grouper (Epinephelus coioides) using three feed types in ponds. Aquaculture, 201: 229-240.
BOTERO, J.Y. e OSPINA, J.F. 2003 Crecimiento y desempeí±o general de juveniles silvestres de Epinephelus itajara in condiciones de cultivo. Boletim Investigaciones Marinhas Costeiras, 32: 25-36.
BOWYER, J.N.; QIN, J.G.; STONE, D.A.J. 2013 Protein, lipid and energy requirements of
cultured marine fish in cold, temperate and warm water. Reviews in Aquaculture, 5: 10-32.
CHOU, R.L.; SU, M.S.; CHEN, H.Y. 2001 Optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Aquaculture, 193: 81-89.
ELLIS, S.C. e REIGH, R.C. 1991 Effects of dietary lipid and carbohydrate levels on the growth and body composition of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellstus. Aquaculture, 97: 383-394.
FABREGAT, T.H.P.; PEREIRA, T.S.; BOSCOLO, C.N.; ALVARADO, J.D.; FERNANDES, J.B. 2011 Substituição da farinha de peixe pelo farelo de soja em dietas para juvenis de curimba. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 37: 289-294.
GRACIA LÓPEZ, V. e CASTELLÓ-ORVAY, F. 2003 Preliminary data on the culture of juveniles of the dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834). Hidrobiológica, 13(4): 321-327.
KAUSHIK, S.J.; COVES, D.; DUTTO, G.; BLANC, D. 2004 Almost total replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of marine teleost, the European seabass Dicentranchus labrax. Aquaculture, 230: 391-404.
KERBER, C.E.; AZEVEDO SILVA, H.K.; SANTOS,P.A.; SANCHES. E.G. 2012 Reproduction and larviculture of dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) in Brazil. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 2: 229-234.
LIN, Y.H. e SHIAU, S.Y. 2003 Dietary lipid requirement of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, and effects on immune responses. Aquaculture,225: 243-250.
LIN, H.Z.; LIU, Y.J.; HE, J.G.; ZHENG, W.H.; TIAN,L.X. 2007 Alternative vegetable lipid sources in diets for grouper Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton):effects on growth and muscle and liver fatty acid composition. Aquaculture Research, 38: 1605-1611.
LUO, Z.; LIU, Y.; MAI, K.; TIAN, L. 2005 Advances in the study on nutrient requirements of Grouper (Epinephelus sp.): a Review. Journal of Ocean University of China, 4(2): 93-98.
MACHADO, L.F.; DAROS, F.A.M.L.; BERTONCINI,A.A.; HOSTIM-SILVA, M.; BARREIROS, J.P. 2008 Feeding strategy and trophic ontogeny in Epinephelus marginatus (Serranidae) from Southern Brazil. Cybium, 32(1): 33-41.
MIHELAKAKIS, A.; TSOLKAS, C.; YOSHIMATSU, T. 2002 Optimization of feeding rate of hatcheryproduced juvenile gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 33:169-175.
NUNES, A.J.P.; PINTO, R.C.C.; SÁ, M.V.C. 2011 Labomar study defines optimal dietary lipid, energy content for fat snook. Global Aquaculture Advocate, 78: 74-75.
RACHMANSYAH, U.; PALINGGI, N.N.;WILLIAMS, K. 2009 Formulated feed for tiger
grouper grow-out. Aquaculture Asia Magazine,4(3): 30-35.
RAMOS, F.M.; SANCHES, E.G.; FUJIMOTO, R.Y.; COTTENS, K.F.; CERQUEIRA, V.R. 2012
Crescimento de juvenis da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus submetidos a diferentes dietas. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 38(1): 81-88.
RODRIGUES FILHO, J.A.; SANCHES, E.G.; GARCIA, C.E.O.; PANNUTI, C.V.; SEBASTIANI, E.F.; MOREIRA, R.G. 2009. Threatened fishes of the world: Epinephelus
marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) Environmental Biology of Fishes, 85: 301í 302.
SANCHES, E.G.; AZEVEDO, V.G.; COSTA, M.R. 2007 Criação da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Teleostei, Serranidae)alimentada com rejeito de pesca e ração úmida em tanques-rede. Atlí¢ntica, 29(2): 121-126.
SANCHES, E.G.; OLIVEIRA, I.R.; SERRALHEIRO,P.C.S. 2009 Crioconservação do sêmen da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Teleostei, Serranidae). Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 35(3): 389 - 399.
SHIAU, S.Y. e LAN, C.W. 1996 Optimum dietary protein level and protein to energy ratio for growth of grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus).Aquaculture, 145: 259-266.
SIM, S.Y.; RIMMER, M.; WILLIAMS, K.; TOLEDO,J.D.; SUGAMA, K.; RUMEGAN, I.; WILLIAMS, K.C.; PHILLIPS, M.J. 2005 A pratical guide to feeds and feed management for cultured groupers. Bangkok: NACA. 18p.
SUWIRYA, K. e GIRI, N.A. 2005 Feed development and application for juvenile grouper. Aquaculture Asia Magazine, 45: 34-35.
THOMAN, E.S.; DAVIS, D.A.; ARNOLD, C.R. 1999 Evaluation of growout diets with varying protein and energy levels for red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture, 176: 343-353.
TUAN, L.A. e WILLIAMS, K.C. 2007 Optimum dietary protein and lipid specifications for juvenile malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus). Aquaculture, 267: 129-138.
USMAN, R.; LAINING, A.; AHMAD, T.; WILLIAMS, K.C. 2005 Optimum dietary protein
and lipid specifications for grow-out of humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis
(Valenciennes). Aquaculture Research, 36: 1285- 1292.
WANG, J.T.; LIU, Y.J.; TIAN, L.X.; MAI, K.S.; DU,Z.Y.; WANG, Y.; YANG, H.J. 2005 Effects of
dietary lipid level on growth performance, lipid deposition, hepatic lipogenesis in juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Aquaculture, 249: 439-447.
WATANABE, T. 2002 Strategies for further development of aquatic feeds. Fisheries Science, 68: 242-252.
WILLIAMS, K.C. 2009 A review of feeding practices and nutritional requirements of postlarval groupers. Aquaculture, 292: 141í 152.
WILLIAMS, K.C.; IRVIN, S.; BARDAY, M. 2004 Polka dot grouper Cromileptes altivelis fingerlings require high protein and moderate lipid diets for optimal growth and nutrient retention. Aquaculture Nutrition, 10: 125-134.
BOMBEO-TUBURAN, I.; CONIZA, E.B.; RODRIGUES, E.M.; AGBAYANI, R. 2001
Culture and economics of wild grouper (Epinephelus coioides) using three feed types in ponds. Aquaculture, 201: 229-240.
BOTERO, J.Y. e OSPINA, J.F. 2003 Crecimiento y desempeí±o general de juveniles silvestres de Epinephelus itajara in condiciones de cultivo. Boletim Investigaciones Marinhas Costeiras, 32: 25-36.
BOWYER, J.N.; QIN, J.G.; STONE, D.A.J. 2013 Protein, lipid and energy requirements of
cultured marine fish in cold, temperate and warm water. Reviews in Aquaculture, 5: 10-32.
CHOU, R.L.; SU, M.S.; CHEN, H.Y. 2001 Optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Aquaculture, 193: 81-89.
ELLIS, S.C. e REIGH, R.C. 1991 Effects of dietary lipid and carbohydrate levels on the growth and body composition of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellstus. Aquaculture, 97: 383-394.
FABREGAT, T.H.P.; PEREIRA, T.S.; BOSCOLO, C.N.; ALVARADO, J.D.; FERNANDES, J.B. 2011 Substituição da farinha de peixe pelo farelo de soja em dietas para juvenis de curimba. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 37: 289-294.
GRACIA LÓPEZ, V. e CASTELLÓ-ORVAY, F. 2003 Preliminary data on the culture of juveniles of the dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834). Hidrobiológica, 13(4): 321-327.
KAUSHIK, S.J.; COVES, D.; DUTTO, G.; BLANC, D. 2004 Almost total replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of marine teleost, the European seabass Dicentranchus labrax. Aquaculture, 230: 391-404.
KERBER, C.E.; AZEVEDO SILVA, H.K.; SANTOS,P.A.; SANCHES. E.G. 2012 Reproduction and larviculture of dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) in Brazil. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 2: 229-234.
LIN, Y.H. e SHIAU, S.Y. 2003 Dietary lipid requirement of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, and effects on immune responses. Aquaculture,225: 243-250.
LIN, H.Z.; LIU, Y.J.; HE, J.G.; ZHENG, W.H.; TIAN,L.X. 2007 Alternative vegetable lipid sources in diets for grouper Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton):effects on growth and muscle and liver fatty acid composition. Aquaculture Research, 38: 1605-1611.
LUO, Z.; LIU, Y.; MAI, K.; TIAN, L. 2005 Advances in the study on nutrient requirements of Grouper (Epinephelus sp.): a Review. Journal of Ocean University of China, 4(2): 93-98.
MACHADO, L.F.; DAROS, F.A.M.L.; BERTONCINI,A.A.; HOSTIM-SILVA, M.; BARREIROS, J.P. 2008 Feeding strategy and trophic ontogeny in Epinephelus marginatus (Serranidae) from Southern Brazil. Cybium, 32(1): 33-41.
MIHELAKAKIS, A.; TSOLKAS, C.; YOSHIMATSU, T. 2002 Optimization of feeding rate of hatcheryproduced juvenile gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 33:169-175.
NUNES, A.J.P.; PINTO, R.C.C.; SÁ, M.V.C. 2011 Labomar study defines optimal dietary lipid, energy content for fat snook. Global Aquaculture Advocate, 78: 74-75.
RACHMANSYAH, U.; PALINGGI, N.N.;WILLIAMS, K. 2009 Formulated feed for tiger
grouper grow-out. Aquaculture Asia Magazine,4(3): 30-35.
RAMOS, F.M.; SANCHES, E.G.; FUJIMOTO, R.Y.; COTTENS, K.F.; CERQUEIRA, V.R. 2012
Crescimento de juvenis da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus submetidos a diferentes dietas. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 38(1): 81-88.
RODRIGUES FILHO, J.A.; SANCHES, E.G.; GARCIA, C.E.O.; PANNUTI, C.V.; SEBASTIANI, E.F.; MOREIRA, R.G. 2009. Threatened fishes of the world: Epinephelus
marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) Environmental Biology of Fishes, 85: 301í 302.
SANCHES, E.G.; AZEVEDO, V.G.; COSTA, M.R. 2007 Criação da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Teleostei, Serranidae)alimentada com rejeito de pesca e ração úmida em tanques-rede. Atlí¢ntica, 29(2): 121-126.
SANCHES, E.G.; OLIVEIRA, I.R.; SERRALHEIRO,P.C.S. 2009 Crioconservação do sêmen da garoupa-verdadeira Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Teleostei, Serranidae). Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 35(3): 389 - 399.
SHIAU, S.Y. e LAN, C.W. 1996 Optimum dietary protein level and protein to energy ratio for growth of grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus).Aquaculture, 145: 259-266.
SIM, S.Y.; RIMMER, M.; WILLIAMS, K.; TOLEDO,J.D.; SUGAMA, K.; RUMEGAN, I.; WILLIAMS, K.C.; PHILLIPS, M.J. 2005 A pratical guide to feeds and feed management for cultured groupers. Bangkok: NACA. 18p.
SUWIRYA, K. e GIRI, N.A. 2005 Feed development and application for juvenile grouper. Aquaculture Asia Magazine, 45: 34-35.
THOMAN, E.S.; DAVIS, D.A.; ARNOLD, C.R. 1999 Evaluation of growout diets with varying protein and energy levels for red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture, 176: 343-353.
TUAN, L.A. e WILLIAMS, K.C. 2007 Optimum dietary protein and lipid specifications for juvenile malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus). Aquaculture, 267: 129-138.
USMAN, R.; LAINING, A.; AHMAD, T.; WILLIAMS, K.C. 2005 Optimum dietary protein
and lipid specifications for grow-out of humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis
(Valenciennes). Aquaculture Research, 36: 1285- 1292.
WANG, J.T.; LIU, Y.J.; TIAN, L.X.; MAI, K.S.; DU,Z.Y.; WANG, Y.; YANG, H.J. 2005 Effects of
dietary lipid level on growth performance, lipid deposition, hepatic lipogenesis in juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Aquaculture, 249: 439-447.
WATANABE, T. 2002 Strategies for further development of aquatic feeds. Fisheries Science, 68: 242-252.
WILLIAMS, K.C. 2009 A review of feeding practices and nutritional requirements of postlarval groupers. Aquaculture, 292: 141í 152.
WILLIAMS, K.C.; IRVIN, S.; BARDAY, M. 2004 Polka dot grouper Cromileptes altivelis fingerlings require high protein and moderate lipid diets for optimal growth and nutrient retention. Aquaculture Nutrition, 10: 125-134.
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2018-11-15
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