THE INTENSIVE CULTURE OF NILE TILAPIA SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE MICROALGAE Chlorella vulgaris IN A BIOFLOC SYSTEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2019.45.2.398Keywords:
fingerlings culture, biofloc system, live food, phytoplankton, hematological indicesAbstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Nile tilapia fingerlings cultured in biofloc technology using different inoculation densities of Chlorella vulgaris. The experimental design was completely randomized with biofloc system and four densities of Chlorella vulgaris (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 x 104 cell mL-1), each with four replications. The study lasted 63 days and was carried out in tanks with a working volume of 40L, at a stocking density of 10 fish per experimental unit and a mean initial weight of approximately 1.86 g. The water quality variables showed no significant difference between treatments, especially total ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, which were within acceptable levels for culture of the species. The variables of zootechnical performance were not affected by the different inoculation densities of the microalgae, achieving a final mean weight of approximately 21 g for all treatments, and survival rates greater than 80%. The weekly inoculation densities of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris therefore had no influence on the growth of tilapia fingerlings cultured in a biofloc system.
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Becker, E.W. 1994. Microalgae: biotechnology and microbiology. New York: Cambridge University Press, 293p.
Bosisio, F.; Rezende, K.F.O.; Barbieri, E . 2017. Alterations in the hematological parameters of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) submitted to different salinities. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 12(2) 146-154.
Branyikova, I.; Marsalkova, B.; Doucha, J.; Branyik, T.; Bisova, K.; Zachleder, V.; Vitova, M. 2010. Microalgae í novel highly efficient starch producers. Biotechnology Bioengineering, 108(4): 766í 776. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.23016
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Burford, M.A.; Thompson, P.J.; Mcintosh, R.P.; Bauman, R.H.; Pearson, D.C. 2003. Nutrient and microbial dynamics in high-intensity, zero-exchange shrimp ponds in Belize. Aquaculture, 219(1-4): 393-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00575-6.
Burford, M.A.; Smith, D.M.; Tabret, S.J.; Coman, F.E.; Thompson, P.J.; Barclay, M.C.; Toscas, P.J. 2004. The effect of dietary protein on the growth and survival of the shrimp, Penaeus monodon in outdoor tanks. Aquaculture Nutrition, 10(1): 15í 23. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2095.2003.00274.x
Cameron, J.N. 1971. Methemoglobin in erythrocytes of rainbow trout. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 40(3): 743-749. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(71)90259-3
Choo, H.X.; Caipang, C.M.A. Biofloc technology (BFT) and its application towards improved production in freshwater tilapia culture. 2015. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 8(3): 362-366.
Dempster, P.; Baird, D.J.; Beveridge, M.C.M. 1995. Can fish survive by filter-feeding on microparticles? Energy balance in tilapia grazing on algal suspension. Journal of Fish Biology, 47(1): 7í 17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01868.x
El-Sherif, M.S.; El-Feky, A.M. 2008. Effect of ammonia on Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus) performance and some hematological and histological measures. Disponível em: <https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5168/9619b7925f21a10f066551324c3df38ab798.pdf>Acesso em: 30 nov. 2017.
Ebeling, J.M; Timmons, M.B; Bisogni, J.J. 2006. Engineering analysis of the stoichiometry of photoautotrophic, autotrophic, and heterotrophic control of ammonia-nitrogen in aquaculture production systems. Aquaculture, 257(1-4): 346í 358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.03.019
Emerenciano, M.; Gaxiola, G.; Cuzon, G. 2013. Biofloc Technology (BFT): A Review for Aquaculture Application and Animal Food Industry, Biomass Now â€" Cultivation and Utilization. Disponível em: <https://www.intechopen.com/books/biomass-now-cultivation-and-utilization/biofloc-technology-bft-a-review-for-aquaculture-application-and-animal-food-industry> Acesso em: 24 nov. 2017.
Emerenciano, M.G.C.; Martínez-Córdova, L.F.; Porchas, M.M.; Baeza, A.M. 2017. Biofloc Technology (BFT): A Tool for Water Quality Management in Aquaculture. Disponível em: <https://www.intechopen.com/books/water-quality/biofloc-technology-bft-a-tool-for-water-quality-management-in-aquaculture> Acesso em: 06 dez. 2017.
Furuya, W.M.; Michelato, M.; Graciano, T.S.; Vidal, L.V.O.; Xavier, T.O.; Furuya, V.R.B., Moura, L.B. 2013. Digestible lysine requirement of Nile tilapia from 86 to 227g fed arginine to lysine balanced diets. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 34(4): 1945-1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2013v34n4p1945
Goldenfarb, P.B.; Bowyer, F.P.; Hall, E. 1971. Reproductibility in the hematology laboratory: the micro hematocrit determination. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 56(1): 35-39.
Green, B.W. 2006. Tilapia: biology, culture, and nutrition. In: Lim, C.; Webster, C.D. Fingerling Production Systems. New York: Food Products Press. p. 181-202.
Hopkins, J.S., Hamilton II, R.D.; Sandier, P.A.; Browdy, C.L.; Stokes, A.D. 1993. Effect of water exchange rate on production, water quality, effluent characteristics and nitrogen budgets of intensive shrimp ponds. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 24(3): 304-320. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1993.tb00162.x
Juarez, L.M.; Moss, S.M.; Figueras, E. 2010. The Shrimp Book, Maturation and larval rearing of the pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. p. 305-352.
Kay, R.A. 1991. Microalgae as Food and Supplement. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 30(6): 555-573. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399109527556
Kroupova, H.; Machova, J.; Svobodova, Z. 2005. Nitrite influence on fish: a review. Veterinarni Medicina í Czech, 50(11): 461í 471.
Krummenauer, D.; Seifert Jr., C.A.; Poersch, L.H.; Foes, G.K.; Lara, G.R.; Wasielesky Jr., W. 2012. Cultivo de camarões marinhos em sistema de bioflocos: análise de reutilização da água. Atlí¢ntica, 34(2): 103-111. https://doi.org/10.5088/atlí¢ntica.v34i2.3118
Kuhn, D.; Smith, S.A.; Boardman, G.D.; Angier, M.W.; Marsh, M.; Flick Jr, G.J. 2010. Chronic toxicity of nitrate to Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei: impacts on survival, growth, antenna e length, and pathology. Aquaculture, 309(1-4): 109-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.09.014
Lee, T.L.C.; Marino, G.E.G. 2010. Microalgae for "healthy†foods possibilities and challenges. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 9(6): 655í 675. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00132.x
Long, L.; Yang, J.; Li, Y.; Guan, C.; Wu, F. 2015. Effect of biofloc technology on growth, digestive enzyme activity, hematology, and immune response of genetically improved farmed tilapia (O. niloticus). Aquaculture, 448 (1): 135-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.05.017
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2019-03-26
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