Feeding with triiodotironine (T3) during sexual reversion of nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
Keywords:
triiodotironine, larviculture, animal performance, fishAbstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of triiodotironine supplementation in diets for Nile tilapia post larvae. Twelve aquariums of 20 L capacity were filled with a density of 5 larvae per liter. The experimental outlining was completely randomized, with three treatments and four replications. Three triiodotironine (T3) levels were tested: 0.50 and 100 mg/kg. All treatments were supplemented with 60 mg/kg of 17α-metyltestosterone. The values of length and weight variation coefficients were higher in the control treatment (0 mg of T3/kg) than in other treatments with T3 supplementation. There was no statistic difference for specific growth rate among treatments. The treatment with 100 mg of T3/kg presented lower values of survival, followed by the treatment with 50 mg of T3/kg. These survival results can be attributed to deformities found on animals fed with diets supplemented with triiodotironine. Deformities occurred in 10% of fishes in treatments with 100 mg of T3/kg and in 3% of fishes in treatment with 50 mg of T3/kg. Control group did not present deformations. Gonad analyses showed that triiodotironine supplementation has no influence on sexual reversion. It was concluded that, to this particular fish species, triiodotironine supplementation caused operculum deformities, reduction on growth and low survival in Nile tilapia.
References
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AYSON, F. and LAM, J. 1993 Thyroxine injection of female rabbitfish (Siganus
guttatus) broodstock: changes in thyroid hormone levels in plasma, eggs, and yolksac larvae and its affect on larval growth and survival. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,
109: 83-93.
BEARDMORE, J. A.; MAIR, G. C.; LEWIS, R. I.2001 Monosex male production in finfish as exemplified by tilapia: applications, problems,and prospects. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,197(3): 283-301.
BOYD, C E. 1990 Water quality in warm fish pond. Alabama: Auburn University. 482 p.
BROWN, C. L. and KIM, B.G. 1995 Combined application of cortisol and triiodothyronine in the culture of larval marine finfish.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 135: 79-86.
BROWN, C.L.; DOROSHOV, S.I.; COCHRAN, M.D.; BERN, H.A. 1989 Enhanced survival in striped bass fingerlings after maternal triiodothyronine treatment. Fish Physiology
and Biochemical, Amsterdam, 7: 295 -299.
BROWN, C.L.; DOROSHOV, S.I.; NUí"˜EZ, J.M.; HADLEY, C.; VANEENENNAAM, J.;
NISHIOKA, R.S.; BERN, H.A. 1988 Maternal triiodothyronine injections cause increases in swimbladder inflation and survival rates in larval striped bass, Morone
saxatilis. Journal of Experimental Zoology,Philadelphia, 248: 168-176.
DE JESUS, E.G.; TOLEDO, J.D.; SIMPAS, M.S.1998 Thyroid hormones promote early
metamorphosis in grouper (Epinephelus coioides) larvae. General Comparative
Endocrinology, Paris, 112: 10-16.
GALE, W. L.; FITZPATRICK, M. S.; LUCERO, M.1999 Masculinization of Nile tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus) by immersion in androgens. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 178:
349-357.
GAVLICK, S.; ALBINO, M.; SPECKER, J. 2002 Metamorphosis in summer flounder:
manipulation of thyroid status to synchronize setting behavior, growth and development.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 203: 359-373.
GREEN, B.W.; VEVERICA, K.L.; FITZPATRICK,M.S. 1997 Fry and fingerling production. In: EGNA, H.S.; BOYD, C.E. (Ed.) Dynamics of pond aquaculture. Boca Raton: CRC Press,p.215-243.
GUERRERO, R.D. 1982 Control of Tilapia Reproduction. In: R.S.V. PULLIN and R.H.
LOWE-MCCONNELL (eds). The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conference
Proceedings. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Manila,Phillippines, 7: 309-316
HEPHER, B.; PRUGININ, Y. 1981 Commercial fish farming. New York: John Willey,
261p.
HEY, J.; FARRAR, E.; BRISTOOW,B.T.; STETTNER, C.; SUMMERFELT, R.C 1996
Tryroid hormones and their influences on larval performace and incidence of
cannibalism in wallege, Strizoztedion vitrium, Journal Word Aquaculture Society, Amsterdam,27: 40 -51.
HUANG, L.; SPECKER, J.; BENGTSON, D 1996 Effect of triodothyronine on the growth and survival of larva striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry,Amsterdam, 15 (1): 57 í 64.
KANG, D.Y.; CHANG, Y.J. 2004 Effects of maternal injection of 3,5,3´-triiodo-Lthyronine (T3) on growth of newborn offspring of rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 234: 641 - 655.
KUBTIZA, F. 2000 Tilápia: tecnologia e planejamento na produção comercial. 1ª ed.
Jundiaí, 285 p.
LAM, T.J. 1980 Thyroxine enhances larval development and survival in Sarotherodon
(Tilapia) mossambicus. Ruppel. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 21: 287-291.
LAM, T.J.; SHARMA, R. 1985 Effects of salinity and thyroxine on larval survival, growth and development in the carp, Cyprinus carpio.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 44 : 179-184.
LANDINES, M.A. 2003 Efeito da triiodotironina (T3) no desenvolvimento embrionário e no desempenho das larvas de pintado (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), piracanjuba
(Brycon orbignyanus) e dourado (Salminus maxillosus). Tese (Doutorado em Aqüicultura)- Centro de Aqüicultura da UNESP,Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária de Jaboticabal, São Paulo. 146 p.
LEONARDO, A.F.G. 2005 Ação da Triiodotironina na Larvicultura da piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus) e matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) Tese (Doutorado em Aqüicultura) - Centro de Aqüicultura da UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária de Jaboticabal,São Paulo. 95 p.
LEONARDO, A.F.G.; HOSHIBA, M.A.;SENHORINI, J.A.; URBINATI, E.C 2008 Canibalismo em larvas de matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, após imersão dos ovos í diferentes concentrações de triiodotironina (T3), Boletim Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 34(2): 231-239.
LIM, C. 1988 Pratical feeding: Tilapias. In: LOVELL,T. (Ed.) Nutrition and feeding of fish. New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold, 163-182.
LIU, Y-W.; CHAN, W-K. 2002 Thyroid hormones are important for embryonic to larval
transitory phase in zebra fish. Differentiation,Paris, 70: 36-45.
MAINARDES-PINTO, C. S. R. et al. 2000 Masculinização de Tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus, Utilizando Diferentes Rações e Diferentes Doses de 17-ametiltestosterona. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, 29(3): 1-9.
MANZON, R.; EALES, G.; YOUSON, J. 1998 Blocking of KClO4 induced metamorphosis in premetamorphic sea lampreys by exogenous thyroid hormones (TH); effects of KClO4 and TH on serum TH concentrations and intestinal thyroxine outer-ring deiodination.General and Comparative Endocrinology, SanDiego, 112: 54-62.
MYLONAS, C.C.; SULLIVAN, C.V.; HISHAN, J.M. 1994 Thyroid hormones in brown trout
(salmon trutta) reproduction and early development. Fish Physiology and Biochemical, Amsterdam, 13(6): 485-493.
NACARIO, J. 1983 The effect of thyroxine on the larvae and fry of Sarotherodon niloticus (Tilapia nilotica) Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 34: 73-83.
PANDIAN, T.J.; SHEELA, S.G. 1995 Hormonal induction of sex reversal in fish. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 138: 1-22.
POPMA, T.J.; GREEN, B.W. 1990 Aquacultural production manual: Sex reversal of tilapia in earthen ponds. Research and Development Series Auburn: Auburn University, International Center for Aquaculture, 35: 15p.
POPMA, T.J.; LOVSHIN, L.L. 1994 Worldwide prospects for commercial production of
tilapia. Auburn: Auburn University, Center for Aquaculture and Aquatic Enviroments,
Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, 40p.
POPMA, T. J.; LOVSHIN, L. 1996. Worldwide prospects for commercial production of
tilapia. International Center for Aquaculture and Aquatic Environments. Research and Development Series, Auburn: Auburn University, Alabama, 41: 23 p.
REDDY, P.K. and LAM, T.J. 1992a Role of the thyroid hormones in tilapia larvae
Oreochromis mossambicus: I. Effects of the hormones and an anti-thyroid drug on
yolksac resorption, growth and development.Fish Physiology and Biochemical, Amsterdam, 9: 473-485.
REDDY, P. K. and LAM, T.J. 1992b Effect of thyroid hormones on morphogenesis and
growth of larvae and fry of telescopic-eye black goldfish, Carassius auratus. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 107: 383-394.
SOARES, M.C.F.; URBINATI, E.C.; SENHORINI,J.A. 2003 Variação periódica da
triiodotironina (T3) plasmática e sua ação na reprodução induzida do matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, (Gunther 1869) em cativeiro. Revita Brasileira Zootecnia, Viçosa, 32(6): 1825-834 (suplemento 2).
TACHIHARA, K.; EL-ZIBDEH, M.K.; ISHIMATSU,A.; TAGAWA, M. 1997 Improved seed
production of goldstriped amberjack Seriola lalandi under hatchery conditions by injection of triiodithyronine (T3) to broodstock fish. Journal World Aquaculture Society, Amsterdam,28: 34-44.
TSUKAMOTO, R.; TAKAHASHI, N.S. 2008 Sensacionalismo: Tilápia sofre ataque
difamatório com artigo cientifico. Revista Panorama da Aqüicultura, Rio de Janeiro, 18:109, setembro/outubro.
URBINATI, E.C.; SOARES, M.F.; SENHORINI, J.A. 2003. Preliminary study of the effect of maternal triiodithyronine on early development of matrinxã, Brycon cephalus
(Characidae). Journal Aquatic Tropical, 18(3) :217-224.
URBINATI, E.C.; VASQUES. L.H.; SENHORINI,J.A.; GONí"¡ALVES, F.D. 2005 Early
development of matrinxã, Brycon cephalus (Teleost, Characidae), after maternal
triiodothyronine injection and egg exposure. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, (in press).
VASQUES, L. H. 2003 Participação do hormônio triiodotironina (T3) no desenvolvimento inicial do matrinxã Brycon cephalus. Tese (Doutorado em
Aqüicultura) - Centro de Aqüicultura da UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e
Veterinária de Jaboticabal, São Paulo. 46 p.
TÉCNICOS EM AQíÅ“ICULTURA, 4, Porto Alegre, RS. Anais... Porto Alegre: UFRGS p.
100-103
AYSON, F. and LAM, J. 1993 Thyroxine injection of female rabbitfish (Siganus
guttatus) broodstock: changes in thyroid hormone levels in plasma, eggs, and yolksac larvae and its affect on larval growth and survival. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,
109: 83-93.
BEARDMORE, J. A.; MAIR, G. C.; LEWIS, R. I.2001 Monosex male production in finfish as exemplified by tilapia: applications, problems,and prospects. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,197(3): 283-301.
BOYD, C E. 1990 Water quality in warm fish pond. Alabama: Auburn University. 482 p.
BROWN, C. L. and KIM, B.G. 1995 Combined application of cortisol and triiodothyronine in the culture of larval marine finfish.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 135: 79-86.
BROWN, C.L.; DOROSHOV, S.I.; COCHRAN, M.D.; BERN, H.A. 1989 Enhanced survival in striped bass fingerlings after maternal triiodothyronine treatment. Fish Physiology
and Biochemical, Amsterdam, 7: 295 -299.
BROWN, C.L.; DOROSHOV, S.I.; NUí"˜EZ, J.M.; HADLEY, C.; VANEENENNAAM, J.;
NISHIOKA, R.S.; BERN, H.A. 1988 Maternal triiodothyronine injections cause increases in swimbladder inflation and survival rates in larval striped bass, Morone
saxatilis. Journal of Experimental Zoology,Philadelphia, 248: 168-176.
DE JESUS, E.G.; TOLEDO, J.D.; SIMPAS, M.S.1998 Thyroid hormones promote early
metamorphosis in grouper (Epinephelus coioides) larvae. General Comparative
Endocrinology, Paris, 112: 10-16.
GALE, W. L.; FITZPATRICK, M. S.; LUCERO, M.1999 Masculinization of Nile tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus) by immersion in androgens. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 178:
349-357.
GAVLICK, S.; ALBINO, M.; SPECKER, J. 2002 Metamorphosis in summer flounder:
manipulation of thyroid status to synchronize setting behavior, growth and development.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 203: 359-373.
GREEN, B.W.; VEVERICA, K.L.; FITZPATRICK,M.S. 1997 Fry and fingerling production. In: EGNA, H.S.; BOYD, C.E. (Ed.) Dynamics of pond aquaculture. Boca Raton: CRC Press,p.215-243.
GUERRERO, R.D. 1982 Control of Tilapia Reproduction. In: R.S.V. PULLIN and R.H.
LOWE-MCCONNELL (eds). The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conference
Proceedings. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Manila,Phillippines, 7: 309-316
HEPHER, B.; PRUGININ, Y. 1981 Commercial fish farming. New York: John Willey,
261p.
HEY, J.; FARRAR, E.; BRISTOOW,B.T.; STETTNER, C.; SUMMERFELT, R.C 1996
Tryroid hormones and their influences on larval performace and incidence of
cannibalism in wallege, Strizoztedion vitrium, Journal Word Aquaculture Society, Amsterdam,27: 40 -51.
HUANG, L.; SPECKER, J.; BENGTSON, D 1996 Effect of triodothyronine on the growth and survival of larva striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry,Amsterdam, 15 (1): 57 í 64.
KANG, D.Y.; CHANG, Y.J. 2004 Effects of maternal injection of 3,5,3´-triiodo-Lthyronine (T3) on growth of newborn offspring of rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 234: 641 - 655.
KUBTIZA, F. 2000 Tilápia: tecnologia e planejamento na produção comercial. 1ª ed.
Jundiaí, 285 p.
LAM, T.J. 1980 Thyroxine enhances larval development and survival in Sarotherodon
(Tilapia) mossambicus. Ruppel. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 21: 287-291.
LAM, T.J.; SHARMA, R. 1985 Effects of salinity and thyroxine on larval survival, growth and development in the carp, Cyprinus carpio.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 44 : 179-184.
LANDINES, M.A. 2003 Efeito da triiodotironina (T3) no desenvolvimento embrionário e no desempenho das larvas de pintado (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), piracanjuba
(Brycon orbignyanus) e dourado (Salminus maxillosus). Tese (Doutorado em Aqüicultura)- Centro de Aqüicultura da UNESP,Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária de Jaboticabal, São Paulo. 146 p.
LEONARDO, A.F.G. 2005 Ação da Triiodotironina na Larvicultura da piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus) e matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) Tese (Doutorado em Aqüicultura) - Centro de Aqüicultura da UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária de Jaboticabal,São Paulo. 95 p.
LEONARDO, A.F.G.; HOSHIBA, M.A.;SENHORINI, J.A.; URBINATI, E.C 2008 Canibalismo em larvas de matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, após imersão dos ovos í diferentes concentrações de triiodotironina (T3), Boletim Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 34(2): 231-239.
LIM, C. 1988 Pratical feeding: Tilapias. In: LOVELL,T. (Ed.) Nutrition and feeding of fish. New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold, 163-182.
LIU, Y-W.; CHAN, W-K. 2002 Thyroid hormones are important for embryonic to larval
transitory phase in zebra fish. Differentiation,Paris, 70: 36-45.
MAINARDES-PINTO, C. S. R. et al. 2000 Masculinização de Tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus, Utilizando Diferentes Rações e Diferentes Doses de 17-ametiltestosterona. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, 29(3): 1-9.
MANZON, R.; EALES, G.; YOUSON, J. 1998 Blocking of KClO4 induced metamorphosis in premetamorphic sea lampreys by exogenous thyroid hormones (TH); effects of KClO4 and TH on serum TH concentrations and intestinal thyroxine outer-ring deiodination.General and Comparative Endocrinology, SanDiego, 112: 54-62.
MYLONAS, C.C.; SULLIVAN, C.V.; HISHAN, J.M. 1994 Thyroid hormones in brown trout
(salmon trutta) reproduction and early development. Fish Physiology and Biochemical, Amsterdam, 13(6): 485-493.
NACARIO, J. 1983 The effect of thyroxine on the larvae and fry of Sarotherodon niloticus (Tilapia nilotica) Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 34: 73-83.
PANDIAN, T.J.; SHEELA, S.G. 1995 Hormonal induction of sex reversal in fish. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 138: 1-22.
POPMA, T.J.; GREEN, B.W. 1990 Aquacultural production manual: Sex reversal of tilapia in earthen ponds. Research and Development Series Auburn: Auburn University, International Center for Aquaculture, 35: 15p.
POPMA, T.J.; LOVSHIN, L.L. 1994 Worldwide prospects for commercial production of
tilapia. Auburn: Auburn University, Center for Aquaculture and Aquatic Enviroments,
Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, 40p.
POPMA, T. J.; LOVSHIN, L. 1996. Worldwide prospects for commercial production of
tilapia. International Center for Aquaculture and Aquatic Environments. Research and Development Series, Auburn: Auburn University, Alabama, 41: 23 p.
REDDY, P.K. and LAM, T.J. 1992a Role of the thyroid hormones in tilapia larvae
Oreochromis mossambicus: I. Effects of the hormones and an anti-thyroid drug on
yolksac resorption, growth and development.Fish Physiology and Biochemical, Amsterdam, 9: 473-485.
REDDY, P. K. and LAM, T.J. 1992b Effect of thyroid hormones on morphogenesis and
growth of larvae and fry of telescopic-eye black goldfish, Carassius auratus. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 107: 383-394.
SOARES, M.C.F.; URBINATI, E.C.; SENHORINI,J.A. 2003 Variação periódica da
triiodotironina (T3) plasmática e sua ação na reprodução induzida do matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, (Gunther 1869) em cativeiro. Revita Brasileira Zootecnia, Viçosa, 32(6): 1825-834 (suplemento 2).
TACHIHARA, K.; EL-ZIBDEH, M.K.; ISHIMATSU,A.; TAGAWA, M. 1997 Improved seed
production of goldstriped amberjack Seriola lalandi under hatchery conditions by injection of triiodithyronine (T3) to broodstock fish. Journal World Aquaculture Society, Amsterdam,28: 34-44.
TSUKAMOTO, R.; TAKAHASHI, N.S. 2008 Sensacionalismo: Tilápia sofre ataque
difamatório com artigo cientifico. Revista Panorama da Aqüicultura, Rio de Janeiro, 18:109, setembro/outubro.
URBINATI, E.C.; SOARES, M.F.; SENHORINI, J.A. 2003. Preliminary study of the effect of maternal triiodithyronine on early development of matrinxã, Brycon cephalus
(Characidae). Journal Aquatic Tropical, 18(3) :217-224.
URBINATI, E.C.; VASQUES. L.H.; SENHORINI,J.A.; GONí"¡ALVES, F.D. 2005 Early
development of matrinxã, Brycon cephalus (Teleost, Characidae), after maternal
triiodothyronine injection and egg exposure. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, (in press).
VASQUES, L. H. 2003 Participação do hormônio triiodotironina (T3) no desenvolvimento inicial do matrinxã Brycon cephalus. Tese (Doutorado em
Aqüicultura) - Centro de Aqüicultura da UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e
Veterinária de Jaboticabal, São Paulo. 46 p.
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