Feeding strategy of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), and wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri) in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Brazil
Keywords:
feeding, yellowfin tuna, wahoo, Saint Peter and Saint Paul ArchipelagoAbstract
Food composition, predator-prey relationships and feeding strategy of yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, and wahoo, Acanthocybium solandri, in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago were studied. A total of 806 stomachs were collected during trolling and hand line commercial fishing from 1994 to 2002. Twenty-five food items were identified for the two predators together, including fifteen fishes, six cephalopods, three crustaceans and one tunicate. A remarkable predation of T. albacares and A. solandri upon the flying fish Cypselurus cyanopterus was observed around Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, mainly between November and April. This was directly related to the main reproduction period of C. cyanopterus. There was no relationship between size and number of food items, and body size of the predators. Food overlapping between predators was 4.8% similar in the number of preys, and 89.9% similar in weight of preys. The archipelago is a feeding ground for T. albacares between November and April, and throughout the year for A. solandri.
References
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VASKE, T. JR. and CASTELLO, J.P. 1998 Conteúdo estomacal da albacora-laje, Thunnus albacares, durante o inverno e primavera no sul do Brasil.Rev. Bras. Biol. ,58 (4): 639-647.
VASKE, T. JR. and, RINCÓN, G. FO. 1998 Conteúdo estomacal dos tubarões azul (Prionace glauca) e anequim (Isurus oxyrinchus) em águas oceí¢nicas no sul do Brasil. Rev. Bras. Biol., 58(3): 443-450.
ZAVALA-CAMIN, L.A. 1981 Hábitos alimentares e distribuição dos atuns e afins (Osteichthyes - Teleostei)
e suas relações ecológicas com outras espécies pelágicas das regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Universidade de
São Paulo , São Paulo. 237 p.(Tese de Doutoramento. Instituto de Biociências. USP).
ZAVALA-CAMIN, L.A. 1987 Ocorrência de peixes, cefalópodes e crustáceos em estômagos de atuns e espécies afins, capturadas com espinhel no Brasil (23°S a 34°S) 1972-1985. Bol. Inst. Pesca,14 (único): 93-102.
ARAGÃO, J.A.N. 1977 Informações preliminares sobre a pesca industrial de atuns no nordeste do Brasil. SUDEPE, PDP, Documentos ocasionais,n.o 25. 16 p.
BOTH, R. 2001 Análise da sazonalidade da avifauna marinha do Arquipélago de São Pedro e São Paulo (00o55’N; 29° 20’W). Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.. 97 p. (Dissertação de Mestrado.Instituto de Biociências).
COLLETTE, B. B. and NAUEN, C.E. 1983 FAO Species catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the World. An annotadet and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species know to date. FAO Fish. Synop. (125): 137 p.
DRAGOVICH, A. 1969 Review of studies of tuna food in the Atlantic ocean. Bureau of Commer. Fish., Trop. Atlant. Biol. Lab. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Special Sci. Rep. Fish.593(117): 21 p.
DRAGOVICH, A. and POTTOFF, T. 1972 Comparative study of food of skipjack and yellowfin tunas off the coast of West Africa.Fish. Bull., 70: 1087-1110.
FONTENEAU, A. 1991 Seamounts and tuna in the Tropical eastern Atlantic. Aquat. Living Resour.4(1): 13-25.
HAZIN, F.H.V. 1986 Pesca de atuns e afins com embarcação de pequeno porte no nordeste brasileiro. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Recife. 107 p. (Monografia de Graduação,UFRPE).
HAZIN, F.H.V 1993 Fisheries-oceanographical study on tunas, billfishes and sharks in the southwestern equatorial Atlantic ocean. PhD Thesis. Tokyo University of Fisheries, Japan. 286p.
HAZIN, F.H.V. 1998 Programa REVIZEE-SECIRM. Levantamento de dados pretéritos. Grandes peixes pelágicos do nordeste (atuns, agulhões e tubarões). Recife. 46 p.
HAZIN, F.H.V.; ZAGAGLIA, J.R.; BROADHURST,M.K.; TRAVASSOS, P.E.P.; BEZERRA, TRQ. 1998 Review of a small-scale pelagic longline fishery of northeastern Brazil. Mar. Fish. Rev.60(3): 1-8.
HOLLAND, K.N.; KLEIBER, P.; KAGIURA, S.M. 1999 Different residence times of yellowfin tuna,Thunnus albacares, and bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, found in mixed aggregations over a seamount. Fish. Bull. 97: 392-395.
HONMA, M.; HISADA, K. 1971 Structure of yellowfin tuna population in the Atlantic ocean.Bull. Far Seas Fish. Res. Lab., 4: 93-124.
KREBS, C.J. 1989 Ecologycal methodology. Harper & Row, Publishers, New York. 654 p.
LAEVASTU, T. and ROSA, H. 1963 Distribution and relative abundance of tunas in relation to their environment. FAO Fishery Report,6(3): 1835-1851
LEGAND, M.; BOURRET, P.; FOURMANOIR, P.;GRANDPERRIN, R.; GUÉRÉDRAT, J.A.; MICHEL, A.; RANCUREL, P.; REPELIN, R.; ROGER , C. 1972 Relations trophiques et distributions verticales en millieu pélagique dans L’océan Pacifique Intertropical. Cah. O.R.S.T.O.M.,Sér. Océanogr., 10(4): 303-393.
LESSA R.P.; MAFALDA, P. O. JR.; ADVÍNCULA, R.; LUCCHESI, R.B.; BEZERRA, J.L.; VASKE, T.JR.;HELLEBRANDT, D.S. 1999 Distribution and abundance of ichthyoneuston at seamounts and islands off north-eastern Brazil. Arch. Fish. Res.47(2/3): 133-146.
MAGNUSON, J.J. and, HEITZ, J.G. 1971 Gill raker apparatus and food selectivity among mackerels,tunas, and dolphins. Fish. Bull., 69: 361-370.
MATTHEWS, F.D.; DAMKAER, D.M.; KNAPP, L.W.;COLLETTE, B.B. 1977 Food of western North Atlantic tunas (Thunnus) and lancetfishes (Alepisaurus). NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-706.19 p.
MONTEIRO A.; VASKE, T. JR.; LESSA, R.P.; EL-DEIR,A.C.A. 1998 Exocoetidae (Beloniformes) off northeastern Brazil. Cybium 22 (4): 395-403.
NAVES, L.N.; BRUSQUE, L.F.; VOOREN, C.M. 2002 Feeding ecology of Sula leucogaster, Anous stolidus and A. minutus at Saint Peter and Saint paul´s Rocks, Brazil. Ararajuba 10(1): 21-30.
OLIVEIRA, G.M.; EVANGELISTA, J.E.V.; FERREIRA,B.P. 1996 Biologia e Pesca no Arquipélago de São Pedro e São Paulo. CEPENE-IBAMA. 25 p.
PAIVA, M.N. and LEGALL, J. Y. 1975 Catches of tunas and tuna-like fishes in the longline fishery areas off the coast of Brazil. Arq. Ciênc. Mar.,15(1): 11-18.
PELCZARSKI, W. 1990 Food of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (T. obesus) from the open waters of the central Atlantic. Rep. Sea Fis. Inst. Gdynia, 22: 85-106.
PINKAS, L.; OLIPHANT, M.S.; IVERSON, I.L.K. 1971 Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonito in Californian waters. Calif. Dep. Fish Game, Fish. Bull. 152:105 p.
ROGER, C. 1988 Tunas and their food: a view from a lower link of the food chain. TWS 88/34. Collective volume of working documents, 3: 385-388.
ROGER, C. and GRANDPERRIN, R. 1976 Pelagic food webs in the tropical Pacific. Limnology and Oceanography., 21(5): 731-735.
ROPER, C.F.E. and YOUNG, R.E. 1975 Vertical distribution of pelagic cephalopods. Smithson.Contrib. Zool., 209: 1-51.
SMITH, L.S. 1991 Introduction to fish physiology.Argent Lab. Press. 352 p.
TRAVASSOS, P.E. 2002 Variabilidade das condições climáticas e oceanográficas e suas influências sobre a distribuição e capturabilidade das principais espécies pelágicas do Atlí¢ntico oeste tropical. CNPq, 85 p.
(Relatório final de bolsa de Desenvolvimento Científico Ambiental/CNPq).
VALLE, S.; MEZENTSEVA, N.; RODRÍGUEZ, A. 1980 Contenido estomacal del atun de aleta amarilla (Thunnus albacares) en el Atlantico Centro Oriental.Col. Vol. Sci. Pap. ICCAT, 9 (1): 199-208.
VASKE, T. JR. and CASTELLO, J.P. 1998 Conteúdo estomacal da albacora-laje, Thunnus albacares, durante o inverno e primavera no sul do Brasil.Rev. Bras. Biol. ,58 (4): 639-647.
VASKE, T. JR. and, RINCÓN, G. FO. 1998 Conteúdo estomacal dos tubarões azul (Prionace glauca) e anequim (Isurus oxyrinchus) em águas oceí¢nicas no sul do Brasil. Rev. Bras. Biol., 58(3): 443-450.
ZAVALA-CAMIN, L.A. 1981 Hábitos alimentares e distribuição dos atuns e afins (Osteichthyes - Teleostei)
e suas relações ecológicas com outras espécies pelágicas das regiões sudeste e sul do Brasil. Universidade de
São Paulo , São Paulo. 237 p.(Tese de Doutoramento. Instituto de Biociências. USP).
ZAVALA-CAMIN, L.A. 1987 Ocorrência de peixes, cefalópodes e crustáceos em estômagos de atuns e espécies afins, capturadas com espinhel no Brasil (23°S a 34°S) 1972-1985. Bol. Inst. Pesca,14 (único): 93-102.
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