Impacto da manutenção de reprodutores de Macrobrachium rosenbergii na qualidade da água
Palavras-chave:
efluente, qualidade de água, carcinicultura, crustáceo, nutrientesResumo
O objetivo foi avaliar os impactos provocados pela manutenção de reprodutores de Macrobrachium rosenbergii na água do viveiro. Durante oito semanas determinaram-se os valores de pH, oxigênio dissolvido (OD), condutividade, turbidez, material particulado em suspensão (MPS), nitrogênio (N) e fósforo (P) da água de abastecimento e do efluente do viveiro. Todas as variáveis apresentaram valores maiores no efluente, exceto OD. A concentração de N-amoniacal (0,013 mg L-1) foi 2,7 vezes maior no efluente; N-NO2 (0,019 mg L-1), 2,3; N-NO3 (0,139 mg L-1), 1,8; P-PO4 (0,065 mg L-1), 7,2; e de PD (0,104 mg L-1), 4,9 vezes maior. Para NKT (0,67 mg L-1) e PT (0,235 mg L-1), os valores no efluente representaram um acréscimo de 0,27 mg L-1 e 0,175 mg L-1, respectivamente. A manutenção de M. rosenbergii aumenta as concentrações de nutrientes, principalmente PT, o que impede o lançamento do efluente em corpos hídricos receptores inseridos nas classes 1, 2 e 3 da Resolução N° 357 do CONAMA.
Referências
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BOYD, C.E. 2003 Guidelines for aquaculture effluent management at the farm-level. Aquaculture, Amesterdam, 226: 101-112.
BOYD, C.E. e QUEIROZ, J.F. 2004 Manejo das condições do sedimento do fundo e da
qualidade da água e dos efluentes de viveiros.In: CYRINO, J.E.P.; URBINATI, E.C.,
FRACALOSSI, D.M.; CASTAGNOLLI, N.(Orgs.). Tópicos especiais em piscicultura de águadoce tropical intensiva. TecArt, São Paulo. 533 p.
BOYD, C.E.; TUCKER C.S.; McNEVIN, A.; BOSTICK, K.; CLAY J. 2007 Indicators of resource use efficiency and environmental performance in fish and crustacean aquaculture. Reviews in Fisheries Science, Philadelphia, 15: 327-360.
BOYD, C.E. e ZIMMERMANN, S. 2010 Grow-out system í water quality and soil management. In:NEW, M.B.; VALENTI, W.C.; TIDWELL, J.H.;D’ABRAMO, L.R.; KUTTY, M.N. (Eds.)Freshwater Prawns: Biology and Farming. WileyBlackwell, Oxford, p.239-255.
BRIGGS, M.R.P. e FUNGE-SMITH, S.J. 1994 A nutrient budget of some intensive marine shrimp ponds in Thailand. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Oxford, 25: 789-811.
BURFORD, M.A. e GLIBERT, P.M. 1999 Short-term nitrogen uptake and regeneration in early and late growth phase shrimp ponds. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 30: 215-227.
CHEN J.C. e KOU, C.T. 1996 Nitrogenous excretion in Macrobrachium rosenbergii at
different pH levels. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,144(1-3): 155-164.
CONAMA. Resolução N° 357 de 17 de março de 2005. Dispõe sobre a classificação dos corpos de água e diretrizes ambientais para o seu enquadramento bem como estabelece as condições e padrões de lançamento de efluentes,e dá outras províncias. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, Poder Executivo, Brasília DF, 18 Mar. 2005. Seção Resoluções, p.19.
CRAB, R.; AVINEMELECH, Y.; DEFOIRDT, T.;BOSSEIER, P.; VERSTRAETE, W. 2007 Nitrogen removal techniques in aquaculture for a sustainable production. Aquaculture,Amesterdam, 270: 1-14.
DANIELS, W.H.; CAVALLI, R.O.; SMULLEN, R.P. 2000 Broodstock Management. In: NEW, M.B. e VALENTI, W.C. (Eds.) Freshwater prawn culture:The farmimg of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.Blackwell Science, Oxford. 443p.
ESTEVES, F.A. 1998 Fundamentos de Limnologia. 2a ed.Interciência, Rio de Janeiro. 602p.
FAO 2010 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FIGIS í Fisheries Statistics í Aquaculture. Disponível em:http://www.fao.org> Acesso em: 22 jun. 2011.
GOLTERMAN, H.L.; CLYNO, R.S.; OHSNTAD,M.A.M. 1978 Methods for physical and chemical analysis of fresh water. 2nd ed. Blackwell, Oxford.315p.
HENRY-SILVA, G.G. e CAMARGO, A.F.M. 2008 Tratamento de efluentes de carcinicultura por macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, 37: 181-188.
HENRY-SILVA, G.G; CAMARGO, A.F.M; PONTES,C.S.; MIYASE, L.K. 2010 Características
limnológicas da coluna d’água e dos efluentes de viveiros de criação de Camarões da Amazônia. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, 39(10):2099í 2017.
ISLAM, S.; SARKER, J.; YAMAMOTO, T.; WAHAB, A.; TANAKA, M. 2004 Water and sediment quality, partial mass budget and effluent N loading in coastal brackishwater shrimp farms in Bangladesh. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Oxford, 48:
471-485.
JACKSON, C.; PRESTON, N.; THOMPSON, P.J.;BURFORD, M. 2003 Nitrogen budget and
effluent nitrogen components at an intensive shrimp farm. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 218:397-411.
KAUTSKY, N.; RONNBACK, P.; TEDENGREN, M.;TROELL, M. 2000 Ecosystem perspective on management of disease in shrimp pond farming.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 191: 145-161.
KOROLEFF, F. 1976 Determination of nutrients. In:GRASSHOFF, K. (Ed.). Methods of seawater analysis. Verlag. Chemie Weinhein, New York,p.117-181.
KIMPARA, J.M.; ROSA, F.R.T.; PRETO, B.L.;VALENTI, W.C. 2011 Limnology of
Macrobrachium amazonicum grow-out ponds subjected to high inflow of nutrient-rich water and different stocking and harvest management. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 42: 1-9.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02717.x
MACKERETH, F.I.F.; HERON, J.; TALLING, J.F.1978 Water analysis: some revised methods for limnologist. Freshwater Biological Association,Ambleside. 121p.
MAcKINNON, A.D.; TROTT, L.A.; CAPPO, M.;MILLER, D.K.; DUGGAN, S.; SPEARE, P.;
DAVIDSON, A. 2002 The trophic fate of shrimp farm effluent in mangrove creeks of north Queensland, Australia. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, London, 55: 655-671
MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C. e VALENTI, W.C.2004 Morphotypes in males Amazon River Prawns, Macrobrachium amazonicum. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 236: 297-307.
MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C.; KIMPARA, J.M.; VALENTI, W.C. 2006 Effects of the Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum culture intensification on ponds hydrology. Acta limnologica brasiliensia, São Carlos, 18: 311-319.
MORIARTY, D.J.W. 1997 The role of microorganism in aquaculture ponds. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,151: 333-349.
PÁEZ-OSUNA, F.; GUERRERO-GALVÁN, S.R.;RUIZ-FERNÁNDEZ, A.C.; ESPINOZA-
ÂNGULO, R. 1997 Fluxes and mass balances of nutrients in a semi-intesive shrimp farm in North-West México. Marine Pollution Bulletim,Oxford, 34: 290-297.
PÁEZ-OSUNA, F.; GUERRERO-GALVÁN, S.R.;RUIZ-FERNÁNDEZ, A.C. 1998 Discharge of
nutrients from shrimp farming to coastal Waters of the Gulf of California. Marine Pollution Bulletim, Oxford, 38: 585-592.
PÁEZ-OSUNA, F. 2001 The environmental impact of shrimp aquaculture: causes, effects and mitigating alternatives. Environmental Management, New York, 28: 131-140.
PISTORI, R.E.T.; HENRY-SILVA, G.G.; BIUDES,J.F.V.; CAMARGO, A.F.M. 2010 Influence of aquaculture effluents on the growth of Salvinia molesta. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, São Carlos,22: 179-186.
ROBERTSON, A.I. e PHILLIPS, M.J. 1995 Mangroves as filters of shrimp pond effluent: predictions and biogeochemical research needs.Hydrobiologia, The Hague, 295: 311í 321.
SIDDIQUI, A.H. e AL-HARBI. 1999 Nutrient budgets in tanks with different stocking densities of hybrid tilapia. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 170:245-252.
SOUSA, O.V.; MACRAE, A.; MENEZES, F.G.R.; GOMES, N.C.M.; VIEIRA, R.H.S.F.;
MENDONí"¡A-HAGLER, L.C.S. 2006 The impact of shrimp farming effluent on bacterial
communities in mangrove waters, Ceará, Brazil,Marine Pollution Bulletin, Oxford, 52: 1725-1734.
SUGIURA, S.H.; MARCHANT, D.D.; KESLEY, K.; WIGGINS, W.; FERRARIS, R.P. 2006 Effluent profile of commercially used low-phosphorus fish feeds. Environmental Pollution, Barking, 140:95-101.
THAKUR, D.P. e LIN, K.C. 2003 Water quality and nutrient budget in closed shrimp (Penaeus monodon) culture systems. Aquacultural Enginneering, Essex, 27: 159-176.
TIMMONS, M.B.; EBELING, J.M.; WEATHON, F.W.;SUMMERFELT, S.T.; VINCI, B.J. 2002
Recirculating aquaculture system. 2nd ed. Cayuga Aqua Ventures, Ithaca. 769p.
TROTT, L.A. e ALONG, D.M. 2000 The impact of shrimp pond effluent on water quality and phytoplankton biomass in tropical mangrove estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletim, Oxford, 40:947-951.
VALENTI, W.C. e TIDWELL, J.H. 2006 Economics and management of freshwater prawn culture in western hemisphere. In: LEUNG, P.S. e ENGLE,C. (Eds.). Shrimp Culture: Economics, Market, and Trade. Blackwell Science, Oxford. 443p.
BACCARIN, A.E. e CAMARGO, A.F.M. 2005 Characterization and evaluation of the impact of feed management on the effluents of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture. Archives of Biology and Technology, Curitiba, 48: 81-90.
BIANCHINI JUNIOR, I. 2003 Modelos de crescimento e decomposição de macrófitas aquáticas. In: THOMAZ, S.M. e BINI, L.M. (Eds.). Ecologia e manejo de macrófitas aquáticas. EDUEM,Maringá. 341p.
BIAO, X.; ZHUHONG, D.; XIAORONG, W. 2004 Impact of the intensive shrimp farming on the water quality of the adjacent coastal creeks from Eastern China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Oxford,48: 543-553.
BOYD, C.E. 2003 Guidelines for aquaculture effluent management at the farm-level. Aquaculture, Amesterdam, 226: 101-112.
BOYD, C.E. e QUEIROZ, J.F. 2004 Manejo das condições do sedimento do fundo e da
qualidade da água e dos efluentes de viveiros.In: CYRINO, J.E.P.; URBINATI, E.C.,
FRACALOSSI, D.M.; CASTAGNOLLI, N.(Orgs.). Tópicos especiais em piscicultura de águadoce tropical intensiva. TecArt, São Paulo. 533 p.
BOYD, C.E.; TUCKER C.S.; McNEVIN, A.; BOSTICK, K.; CLAY J. 2007 Indicators of resource use efficiency and environmental performance in fish and crustacean aquaculture. Reviews in Fisheries Science, Philadelphia, 15: 327-360.
BOYD, C.E. e ZIMMERMANN, S. 2010 Grow-out system í water quality and soil management. In:NEW, M.B.; VALENTI, W.C.; TIDWELL, J.H.;D’ABRAMO, L.R.; KUTTY, M.N. (Eds.)Freshwater Prawns: Biology and Farming. WileyBlackwell, Oxford, p.239-255.
BRIGGS, M.R.P. e FUNGE-SMITH, S.J. 1994 A nutrient budget of some intensive marine shrimp ponds in Thailand. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Oxford, 25: 789-811.
BURFORD, M.A. e GLIBERT, P.M. 1999 Short-term nitrogen uptake and regeneration in early and late growth phase shrimp ponds. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 30: 215-227.
CHEN J.C. e KOU, C.T. 1996 Nitrogenous excretion in Macrobrachium rosenbergii at
different pH levels. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,144(1-3): 155-164.
CONAMA. Resolução N° 357 de 17 de março de 2005. Dispõe sobre a classificação dos corpos de água e diretrizes ambientais para o seu enquadramento bem como estabelece as condições e padrões de lançamento de efluentes,e dá outras províncias. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, Poder Executivo, Brasília DF, 18 Mar. 2005. Seção Resoluções, p.19.
CRAB, R.; AVINEMELECH, Y.; DEFOIRDT, T.;BOSSEIER, P.; VERSTRAETE, W. 2007 Nitrogen removal techniques in aquaculture for a sustainable production. Aquaculture,Amesterdam, 270: 1-14.
DANIELS, W.H.; CAVALLI, R.O.; SMULLEN, R.P. 2000 Broodstock Management. In: NEW, M.B. e VALENTI, W.C. (Eds.) Freshwater prawn culture:The farmimg of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.Blackwell Science, Oxford. 443p.
ESTEVES, F.A. 1998 Fundamentos de Limnologia. 2a ed.Interciência, Rio de Janeiro. 602p.
FAO 2010 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FIGIS í Fisheries Statistics í Aquaculture. Disponível em:http://www.fao.org> Acesso em: 22 jun. 2011.
GOLTERMAN, H.L.; CLYNO, R.S.; OHSNTAD,M.A.M. 1978 Methods for physical and chemical analysis of fresh water. 2nd ed. Blackwell, Oxford.315p.
HENRY-SILVA, G.G. e CAMARGO, A.F.M. 2008 Tratamento de efluentes de carcinicultura por macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, 37: 181-188.
HENRY-SILVA, G.G; CAMARGO, A.F.M; PONTES,C.S.; MIYASE, L.K. 2010 Características
limnológicas da coluna d’água e dos efluentes de viveiros de criação de Camarões da Amazônia. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, 39(10):2099í 2017.
ISLAM, S.; SARKER, J.; YAMAMOTO, T.; WAHAB, A.; TANAKA, M. 2004 Water and sediment quality, partial mass budget and effluent N loading in coastal brackishwater shrimp farms in Bangladesh. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Oxford, 48:
471-485.
JACKSON, C.; PRESTON, N.; THOMPSON, P.J.;BURFORD, M. 2003 Nitrogen budget and
effluent nitrogen components at an intensive shrimp farm. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 218:397-411.
KAUTSKY, N.; RONNBACK, P.; TEDENGREN, M.;TROELL, M. 2000 Ecosystem perspective on management of disease in shrimp pond farming.Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 191: 145-161.
KOROLEFF, F. 1976 Determination of nutrients. In:GRASSHOFF, K. (Ed.). Methods of seawater analysis. Verlag. Chemie Weinhein, New York,p.117-181.
KIMPARA, J.M.; ROSA, F.R.T.; PRETO, B.L.;VALENTI, W.C. 2011 Limnology of
Macrobrachium amazonicum grow-out ponds subjected to high inflow of nutrient-rich water and different stocking and harvest management. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, 42: 1-9.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02717.x
MACKERETH, F.I.F.; HERON, J.; TALLING, J.F.1978 Water analysis: some revised methods for limnologist. Freshwater Biological Association,Ambleside. 121p.
MAcKINNON, A.D.; TROTT, L.A.; CAPPO, M.;MILLER, D.K.; DUGGAN, S.; SPEARE, P.;
DAVIDSON, A. 2002 The trophic fate of shrimp farm effluent in mangrove creeks of north Queensland, Australia. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, London, 55: 655-671
MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C. e VALENTI, W.C.2004 Morphotypes in males Amazon River Prawns, Macrobrachium amazonicum. Aquaculture,Amsterdam, 236: 297-307.
MORAES-RIODADES, P.M.C.; KIMPARA, J.M.; VALENTI, W.C. 2006 Effects of the Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum culture intensification on ponds hydrology. Acta limnologica brasiliensia, São Carlos, 18: 311-319.
MORIARTY, D.J.W. 1997 The role of microorganism in aquaculture ponds. Aquaculture, Amsterdam,151: 333-349.
PÁEZ-OSUNA, F.; GUERRERO-GALVÁN, S.R.;RUIZ-FERNÁNDEZ, A.C.; ESPINOZA-
ÂNGULO, R. 1997 Fluxes and mass balances of nutrients in a semi-intesive shrimp farm in North-West México. Marine Pollution Bulletim,Oxford, 34: 290-297.
PÁEZ-OSUNA, F.; GUERRERO-GALVÁN, S.R.;RUIZ-FERNÁNDEZ, A.C. 1998 Discharge of
nutrients from shrimp farming to coastal Waters of the Gulf of California. Marine Pollution Bulletim, Oxford, 38: 585-592.
PÁEZ-OSUNA, F. 2001 The environmental impact of shrimp aquaculture: causes, effects and mitigating alternatives. Environmental Management, New York, 28: 131-140.
PISTORI, R.E.T.; HENRY-SILVA, G.G.; BIUDES,J.F.V.; CAMARGO, A.F.M. 2010 Influence of aquaculture effluents on the growth of Salvinia molesta. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, São Carlos,22: 179-186.
ROBERTSON, A.I. e PHILLIPS, M.J. 1995 Mangroves as filters of shrimp pond effluent: predictions and biogeochemical research needs.Hydrobiologia, The Hague, 295: 311í 321.
SIDDIQUI, A.H. e AL-HARBI. 1999 Nutrient budgets in tanks with different stocking densities of hybrid tilapia. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 170:245-252.
SOUSA, O.V.; MACRAE, A.; MENEZES, F.G.R.; GOMES, N.C.M.; VIEIRA, R.H.S.F.;
MENDONí"¡A-HAGLER, L.C.S. 2006 The impact of shrimp farming effluent on bacterial
communities in mangrove waters, Ceará, Brazil,Marine Pollution Bulletin, Oxford, 52: 1725-1734.
SUGIURA, S.H.; MARCHANT, D.D.; KESLEY, K.; WIGGINS, W.; FERRARIS, R.P. 2006 Effluent profile of commercially used low-phosphorus fish feeds. Environmental Pollution, Barking, 140:95-101.
THAKUR, D.P. e LIN, K.C. 2003 Water quality and nutrient budget in closed shrimp (Penaeus monodon) culture systems. Aquacultural Enginneering, Essex, 27: 159-176.
TIMMONS, M.B.; EBELING, J.M.; WEATHON, F.W.;SUMMERFELT, S.T.; VINCI, B.J. 2002
Recirculating aquaculture system. 2nd ed. Cayuga Aqua Ventures, Ithaca. 769p.
TROTT, L.A. e ALONG, D.M. 2000 The impact of shrimp pond effluent on water quality and phytoplankton biomass in tropical mangrove estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletim, Oxford, 40:947-951.
VALENTI, W.C. e TIDWELL, J.H. 2006 Economics and management of freshwater prawn culture in western hemisphere. In: LEUNG, P.S. e ENGLE,C. (Eds.). Shrimp Culture: Economics, Market, and Trade. Blackwell Science, Oxford. 443p.
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2018-07-12
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