Parasitic diseases of freshwater ornamental fishes commercialized in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Keywords:
ornamental fish, parasites, diseases, prevalence, infectionAbstract
The parasitic fauna of ornamental fish from Florianópolis, SC, Brazil was evaluated from June 2004 through June 2005. Xiphophorus maculatus (n=88), Xiphophorus helleri (n=27), Poecilia sphenops (n=20), Macropodus opercularis (n=20), Trichogaster tricopterus (n=9), Beta splendens (n=8), Puntius conchonius (n=7), Carassius auratus (n=6), Gymnocorymbus ternetzi (n=4) were analyzed. From a total of 189 examined fishes, 65 (34%) were parasitized: 15.3% with metacercariae of Ascocotyle (Digenea); 15.3% with Monogenoidea; 6.9% with Piscinoodinium pillulare (Dinoflagellida); 4.7% with Trichodina acuta (Ciliophora); 3.7% with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora); 2.6% with cestodes; 2.6% with Camallanus maculatus (Nematoda); 2.1% with Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea) and 0.5% with Chilodonella sp. (Ciliophora). The largest mean intensities of infection were 335 and 205, respectively to X. maculatus and X. helleri infected by metacercariae in the gills.
References
CARNEVIA, D. 1993 Enfermedades de los peces ornamentales. Buenos Aires: Editorial Agrovet S.A. 319p.
CONROY, D.A.; MORALES, J.; PERDOMO, C.; RUIZ, R.A.; SANTACANA, J.A. 1981 Preliminary observations on ornamental fish diseases in northern South America. Riv. It. Piscic. Ittiop.,Treviso, 16: 86-104.
DOVE, A.D.M. and ERNST, I. 1998 Concurrent invadersí four exotic species of Monogenea now established on exotic freshwater fishes in Australia. Int. J. Parasitol., Oxford, 28: 1755-1764.
EIRAS, J.C.; TAKEMOTO, R.M.; PAVANELLI, G.C. 2000 Métodos de estudo e técnicas laboratoriais em parasitologia de peixes. Maringá: EDUEM. 171p.
EVANS, B.B. and LESTER, R.J.G. 2001 Parasites of ornamental fish imported to Australia. Bull. Eur.Assoc. Fish Pathol., Asrhus, 21: 51-55.
FERRAZ, E. and THATCHER, V.E. 1990 Camallanus acaudatus sp. (Nematoda: Camallanidae) e uma descrição de macho de Camallanus tridentatus (Drasche, 1884), parasitas de peixes da Amazônia Brasileira. Amazoniana, Manaus, 11:135-145.
GARCIA, F.; FUJIMOTO, R.Y.; MARTINS, M.L.; MORAES, F.R. 2003 Parasitismo de Xiphophorus spp. por Urocleidoides sp. e sua relação com os parí¢metros hídricos. B. Inst.Pesca, São Paulo, 29: 123-131.
KIM, J.í H.; HAYWARD, C.J.; HEO, G.-J. 2002 Nematode worm infections (Camallanus cotti, Camallanidae) in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) imported to Korea. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 205:231-235.
KUO, T.F.; CHUNG, C.D.; HSU, T.L. 1994 A survey of parasitic diseases from infested aquarium fishes. Mem. Coll. Agric. Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taiwan, 34: 227-238.
LEVSEN, A.; MO, T.-A.; STERUD, E. 2003 The most common infections in ornamental fish imported to Norway: a possible threat against Norwegian fauna. Norsk Veterinaertidsskrift, Norway, 115: 639-649.
LOM, J. 1958 A contribution to the systematics and morphology of endoparasitic trichodinids from amphibians, with a proposal of uniform specific characteristics. J. Protozool., Lawrence, 5: 251-263.
MARTINS, M.L. 2004 Manejo sanitário na piscicultura. In: RANZANI-PAIVA, M.J.T.; TAKEMOTO, R.M.; LIZAMA, M.A.P. (Ed.). Sanidade de Organismos Aquáticos. São Paulo:Edit. Varela. p.323-332.
MARTINS, M.L.; ONAKA, E.M.; MORAES,F.R.; BOZZO, F.R.; PAIVA, A.M.F.C.; GONí"¡ALVES, A. 2002 Recent studies on parasitic infections of freshwater cultivated fish in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum,Maringá, 24: 981-985.
MARTINS, M.L. and YOSHITOSHI, E.R. 2003 A new nematode species Goezia leporini n. sp. (Anisakidae) from cultured freshwater fish Leporinus macrocephalus (Anostomidae) in Brazil. Braz. J. Biol., São Carlos, 63: 497-506.
MICHELL, C.; MESSIAEN, S.; BERNARDET, J.F. 2002 Muscle infections in imported neon tetra, Paracheirodon innesi Myers: limited occurrence of microscporidia and predominance of severe forms of columnaris disease caused by an Asian genomovar of Flavobacterium columnare. J. Fish Dis., Oxford, 25: 253-263.
MORAES, F.R. and MARTINS, M.L. 2004 Condições predisponentes e principais enfermidades de teleósteos em piscicultura intensiva. In: CYRINO, J.E.P.; URBINATI, E.C.; FRACALOSSI,D.M.; CASTAGNOLLI, N. (Ed.). Tópicos Especiais em Piscicultura de Água Doce Tropical Intensiva. São Paulo: Edit. Tecart. p.343-386.
MORAVEC, F. 1994 Parasitic nematodes of freshwater fishes of Europe. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Czech Republic. 473p.
MORAVEC, F.; WOLTER, J.; Kí–RTING, W. 1999 Some nematodes and acanthocephalans from exotic ornamental fishes imported into Germany. Folia Parasitol., Twarda, 46: 296-310.
MOUTON, A.; BASSON, L.; IMPSON, D. 2001 Health status of ornamental freshwater fishes imported to South Africa: a pilot study. Aq. Sci. Cons., Netherlands, 3: 327-333.
OGUT, H. and PALM, H.W. 2005 Seasonal dynamics of Trichodina spp. On whiting (Merlangius merlangus) in relation to organic pollution on the eastern Black Coast of Turkey. Parasitol. Res., Berlim, 96: 149-153.
ROHDE, K.; HAYWARD, C.; HEAP, M. 1995 Aspects of the ecology of metazoan ectoparasites of marine fishes. J. Parasitol., Kansas, 25: 945-970.
SCHOLZ, T. and SALGADO-MALDONADO, G. 2000 The introduction and dispersal of Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924) (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in Mexico: a review. Am. Midl. Nat., Indiana, 143: 185-200.
SCOTT, M. and NOKES, D.J. 1984 Temperaturedependent reproduction and survival of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis (Monogenea) on guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Parasitology, Cambridge, 89: 221-227.
STONE, J.E. and PENCE, D.B. 1978 Ecology of helminth parasitism in the bobcat from West Texas. J. Parasitol., Kansas, 64: 295-302.
TAMPIERI, M.P.; CAFFARA, M.; DIEGOLI, G.; GALUPPI, R.; MARCER, F.; MATTIOLI, R.; MINELLI, C.; RESTAN, R. 1999 Prima segnalazione in Italia di Centrocestus armatus e C. formosanus (Digenea, Heterophyidae) in pesci d’acqua dolce di importazione. Boll. Soc. It. Patol. Ittica, Italy, 27: 27-33.
TAVARES-DIAS, M.; MARTINS, M.L.; MORAES, F.R. 2001 Fauna parasitária de peixes oriundos de "pesque-pague†do município de Franca, São Paulo, Brasil. I. Protozoários. Revta bras. Zool.,Curitiba, 18 (Supl. 1): 67-79.
THILAKARATNE, I.D.S.I.P.; RAJAPAKSHA, G.; HEWAKOPARA, A.; RAJAPAKSE, R.P.V.J.; FAIZAL, A.C.M. 2003 Parasitic infections in freshwater ornamental fish in Sri Lanka. Dis. Aquat. Org., Oldendorf, 54: 157-162.
THONEY, D.A. and HARGIS Jr., W.J. 1991 Monogenea (Platyhelmintes) as hazards for fish in confinement. Ann. Rev. Fish Dis., Danvers,133-153.
TORRES, P.; TEUBER, S.; MIRANDA, J.C. 1990 Parasitismo en ecosistemas de agua dulce de Chile. 2. Nematodos parásitos de Percichthys trucha (Pisces: Serranidae) com la descripción de una nueva especie de Camallanus (Nematoda: Spiruroidea). Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environm.,Lisse, 25: 111-119.
VAN AS, J.G. and BASSON, L. 1989 A further contribution to the taxonomy of the Trichodinidae (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) and a review of the taxonomic status of some fish ectoparasitic trichodinids. Syst. Parasitol., Dordrecht, 14: 157-179.