USO DE ENZIMAS EXÓGENAS EM DIETAS PARA JUVENIS DE PAMPO Trachinotus marginatus: CRESCIMENTO E MORFOFIOLOGIA DO FÍGADO E INTESTINO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2018.44.4.326Palavras-chave:
carboidrases, crescimento, fitase, proteaseResumo
Este estudo investigou o uso de enzimas exógenas em dietas para juvenis de pampo prateado Trachinotus marginatus. Foram preparadas seis dietas (43% de proteína, 8% de lipídio), contendo 0 (TC), 25 (T25), 50 (T50), 100 (T100), 250 (T250) e 500 (T500) mg kg-1 do complexo enzimático Rovabio ® Max AP. Avaliou-se os efeitos sobre o crescimento, composição de carcaça, níveis de glicogênio e triglicerídeo no fígado e possíveis alterações na morfologia do intestino e fígado. Os resultados mostraram diferença significativa (p < 0,05) no desempenho de crescimento dos peixes dos tratamentos T100, T250 e T500, com grande concentração de triglicerídeos e alteração na morfologia do fígado nos peixes dos tratamentos T250 e T500. A concentração de cálcio nos ossos também teve um aumento significativo (p < 0,05) nos peixes dos tratamentos T50, T100 e T250 em relação ao controle. Entretanto, não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) na composição de carcaça, morfologia do intestino e concentração de glicogênio no fígado.Esses resultados indicam que o uso de 100 mg kg-1 de enzimas na dieta mostrou ser o melhor nível de inclusão para juvenis de pampo prateado, favorecendo o crescimento e a concentração de cálcio nos ossos. Sem efeitos significativos sobre os níveis de triglicerídeos no fígado
Referências
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COSTA, L.F.; MIRANDA-FILHO, K.C.; SEVERO, M.P.; SAMPAIO, L.A. 2008 Tolerance of juvenile pompano Trachinotus marginatus to acute ammonia and nitrite exposure at different salinity levels. Aquaculture, 285(1-4): 270-272.
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KAMALAM, B.S.; MEDALE, F.; PANSERAT, S. 2017 Utilization of dietary carbohydrates in farmed fishes: New insights on influencing factors, biological limitations and future strategies. Aquaculture, 467(1): 3-27.
KROGDAHL, A.; BAKKE-MCKELLEP, A.M.; BAEVERFJORD, G. 2003 Effects of graded levels of standard soybean meal on intestinal structure, mucosal enzyme activities, and pancreatic response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Aquaculture Nutrition, 9(6): 361-371.
LAIZ-CARRIÓN, R.; VIANA, I.R.; CEJAS, J.R.; RUIZ-JARABO, I.; JEREZ, S.; MARTOS, J.A.; EDUARDO, A.B.; MANCERA, J.M.
2012 Influence of food deprivation and high stocking density on energetic metabolism and stress response in red porgy, Pagrus pagrusL. Aquaculture International, 20(3): 585-599.
LIN, S.; MAI, K.; TAN, B. Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation in diets or growth and feed utilization in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus. Aquaculture Research, v. 38, n. 15, p. 1645-1653, 2007.
MARTÍNEZ-LLORENS, S.; BAEZA-ARIí"˜O, R.; NOGALES-MÉRIDA, S.; JOVER-CERDÁ, M.; TOMÁS-VIDAL, A. 2012 Carob seed germ meal as a partial substitute in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) diets: Amino acid retention, digestibility, gut and liver histology.
ADEOLA, O.; COWIESON, A.J. 2011 Board-invited review: opportunities and challenges in using exogenous enzymes to improve nonruminant animal production. Journal of Animal Science, 89(10): 3189-3218.
ADEOYE, A.A.; JARAMILLO-TORRES, A.; FOX, S.W.; MERRIFIELD, D.L.; DAVIES, S.J. 2016 Supplementation of formulated diets for tilapia (Oreochromis nioloticus) with selected exogenous enzymes: overall performance and effects on intestinal histology and microbiota. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 215(1): 133-143
AI, Q.; MAI, K.; ZHANG, W.; XU, W.; TAN, B.; ZHANG, C.; LI, H. 2007 Effects of exogenous enzymes (phytase, non-starch polysaccharide enzyme) in diets on growth, feed utilization, nitrogen and phosphorus excretion of Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 147(2): 502-508.
ALI ZAMINI, A.; KANANI, H.G.; AZAM ESMAEILI, A.; RAMEZANI, S.; ZORIEZAHRA, S.J. 2014 Effects of two dietary exogenous multi-enzyme supplementation, Natuzyme® and beta-mannanase (Hemicell®), on growth and blood parameters of Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) Comparative Clinical Pathology, 23(1): 187-192
AOAC í Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1999 Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 16th of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 16th ed. Washington: AOAC
AOAC í Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 2010 Official methods of analysis of Association of Official Analytical Chemists: method 965.17. 18th ed. Gaithersburg: AOAC International.
CAO, L.; WANG, W.; YANG, C.; YANG, Y. ; DIANA, J.; YAKUPITIYAGE, A.; LUO, Z.; LI, D. 2007 Application of microbial phytase in fish feed: review. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 40(4): 497-507.
CAPRITA, R.; CAPRITA, A.; JULEAN, C. 2010 Biochemical aspects of non-starch polysaccharides. Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 43(1): 368-374.
CARR, R.S.; NEFF, J.M. 1984 Quantitative semi-automated enzymatic assay for tissue glycogen. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 77(3): 447-449. PMid:6425007
CASTILLO, S.; GATLIN III, D.M. 2015 Dietary supplementation of exogenous carbohydrase enzymes in fish nutrition: a review. Aquaculture, 435(1): 286-292.
CHOCT, M. 2015 Feed non-starch polysaccharides for monogastric animals: classification and function. Animal Production Science, 55(12): 1360-1366.
COSTA, L.F.; MIRANDA-FILHO, K.C.; SEVERO, M.P.; SAMPAIO, L.A. 2008 Tolerance of juvenile pompano Trachinotus marginatus to acute ammonia and nitrite exposure at different salinity levels. Aquaculture, 285(1-4): 270-272.
DALSGAARD, J.; VERLHAC, V.; HJERMITSLEV, N.H.; EKMANN, K.S.; FISCHER, M.; KLAUSEN, M.; PEDERSEN, P.B. 2012 Effects of exogenous enzymes on apparent nutrient digestibility in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed diets with high inclusion of plant-based protein. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 171(2-4): 181-191.
DREW, M.D.; BORGESON, T.L.; THIESSEN, D.L. 2007 A review of processing of feed ingredients to enhance diet digestibility in finfish. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 138(2): 118-136.
FRACALOSSI, D.M.; CYRINO, J.E.P. (Ed.). 2013 Nutriaqua: nutrição e alimentação de espécies de interesse para a aquicultura brasileira. Florianópolis: Sociedade Brasileira Florianópolis: Sociedade Brasileira de Aquicultura e Biologia Aquática. 375p
GHOMI, M.R.; SHAHRIARI, R.; LANGROUDI, H.F.; NIKOO, M.; VON ELERT, E. 2012 Effects of exogenous dietary enzyme on growth, body composition, and fatty acid profiles of cultured great sturgeon Huso huso fingerlings. Aquaculture International, 20(2): 249-254
JIANG, T.-T.; FENG, L.; LIU, Y.; JIANG, W.-D.; JIANG, J.; LI, S.-H.; TANG, L.; KUANG, S.-Y.; ZHOU, X.-Q. 2014 Effects of exogenous xylanase supplementation in plant protein-enriched diets on growth performance, intestinal enzyme activities and microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Aquaculture Nutrition, 20(6):
632-645.
JORY, D.E.; IVERSEN, E.S.; LEWIS, R.H. 1985 Culture of fishes of the genus Trachinotus (Carangidae) in the western Atlantic: prospects and problems. Journal of the World Mariculture Society, 16(1-4): 87-94.
KAMALAM, B.S.; MEDALE, F.; PANSERAT, S. 2017 Utilization of dietary carbohydrates in farmed fishes: New insights on influencing factors, biological limitations and future strategies. Aquaculture, 467(1): 3-27.
KROGDAHL, A.; BAKKE-MCKELLEP, A.M.; BAEVERFJORD, G. 2003 Effects of graded levels of standard soybean meal on intestinal structure, mucosal enzyme activities, and pancreatic response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Aquaculture Nutrition, 9(6): 361-371.
LAIZ-CARRIÓN, R.; VIANA, I.R.; CEJAS, J.R.; RUIZ-JARABO, I.; JEREZ, S.; MARTOS, J.A.; EDUARDO, A.B.; MANCERA, J.M.
2012 Influence of food deprivation and high stocking density on energetic metabolism and stress response in red porgy, Pagrus pagrusL. Aquaculture International, 20(3): 585-599.
LIN, S.; MAI, K.; TAN, B. Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation in diets or growth and feed utilization in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus. Aquaculture Research, v. 38, n. 15, p. 1645-1653, 2007.
MARTÍNEZ-LLORENS, S.; BAEZA-ARIí"˜O, R.; NOGALES-MÉRIDA, S.; JOVER-CERDÁ, M.; TOMÁS-VIDAL, A. 2012 Carob seed germ meal as a partial substitute in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) diets: Amino acid retention, digestibility, gut and liver histology.
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2018-12-25
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