Dietary phytase in juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets
Keywords:
enzyme, performance, bone, fishAbstract
This work was undertaken out to evaluate the effects of dietary phytase on pacu juvenile performance and mineral retention. One-hundred and sixty fish (16.42 ± 2 g) were fed diets containing 0; 500; 1,000 and 2,000 phytase units (PU)/kg of diet containing approximately 3,238 kcal of digestible energy, 30% of crude protein and 0.31% of available phosphorus. One-hundred and sixty fish were fed to apparent satiation for 60 days. No effects of the dietary phytase on survival, carcass humidity, crude protein and fat were observed. Increasing dietary phytase levels linearly increased weigh gain, carcass ash and bone ash, and a quadratic effect on feed conversion ratio, which the best values, were obtained using 433.33, 425, 1875 and 1833 PU/kg of diet respectively. It was concluded that the optimum phytase supplemental level in the diet of juvenile pacu is 433.33 PU/kg of diet.
References
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Baeverfjord, G.; Asgard, T.; SHEARER, K.D.1998 Shearer. Development and detection of phosphorus deficiency in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr and post-smolts. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 1-11.
BAKER, D.H. 1986 Problems and pitfalls in animal experiments designed to establish dietary requirements for essential nutrients. Journal of Nutrition, 116: 2339, 1986.
BISWAS, A.K.; KAKU, H.; JI, S.G.; SEOKA, M.; TAKII,K. 2007 Use of meat and phytase for partial replacement of fish meal in the diet of red sea bream, Pagrus major. Aquaculture, 265: 253-260.
BOCK, C.L.; CANTELMO, O.A.; PEZZATO, L.E.; BARROS, M.M. 2007 Fitase em rações para tilápia-do-nilo. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia,36:1455-1461.
DENSTADLI, V.; STOREBAKKEN, T.; SVIHUS, B.;SKREDE, A. 2007 A comparison of online phytase pre-treatment of vegetable feed ingredients and phytase coating in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reared in cold water. Aquaculture (no
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EYA, J.C. e LOVELL, R.T. 1986 Available phosphorus requirements of food-size channel "catfish†(Ictalurus punctatus) fed practical diets in ponds. Aquaculture, 154: 283-291.
Forster, I.; Higgs, D.A.; Dosanjh, B.S. 1999 Potential for dietary phytase to improve the nutritive value of canola protein concentrate and decrease phosphorus output in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikiss) held in 11o C fresh water.Aquaculture, 179: 109-125.
Furuya, W.M.; Gonçalves, G.S.; Furuya, V.R.B.;Hayashi, C. 2001a Fitase na Alimentação
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Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.; Pezzato, A.C. 2001b Coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da energia e nutrientes de alguns ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) (Linhagem (Linhagem
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Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Barros, M.M. 2004 Use of ideal protein concept for precision Use of ideal protein concept for precision formulation of amino acid levels in fish-meal-free diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, .35: 1110-1116.
Jackson, L.S.; Li, M.H.; Robinson, E.H. 1996 Use of microbial phytase in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus diets to improve utilization phytate phosphorus. Journal of the Word Aquaculture Society, 7:309-313.
Lanari, D.; D’agaro, E.; Turri, C. 1998 Use of nonlinear regression to evaluate the effects of phytase enzyme treatment of plant protein diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 161: 345-356.
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Masumoto, T.; Tamura, B.; Shimeno, S. 2001 Effects of phytase on bioavailability of phosphous in soybean meal-based diets for japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fisheries Science, 67: 1075-1080.
MCCUAIG, L.W.; DAVIS, M.I.; MOTZOK, I. 1972 Intestinal alkaline phosphatase and phytase of chicks: effect of dietary magnesium, calcium,phosphorus and thyroactive casein. Poultry Science, 51: 526-530.
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Oliva-Teles, A.; Pereira, J.P.; GOUVEIA, A. 1998 Utilisation of diets supplemented with microbial phytase by seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Aquatic Living Resource, 11: 255-259.
Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.;Furuya, V.R.B.; Pezzato, A.C. 2002
Digestibilidade aparente de ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 31: 1595-1604.
Popma, T.J. and Green, B.W. 1990 Sex reversal of tilapia in earthen ponds. Aquaculture production manual. Alabama: Auburn University, Alabama Research and Development. Series 35, 15p.
Power Hughes, K.P.; Soares, J.H. 1998 Efficacy of phytase on phosphorus utilization in pratical diets fed to striped bass Morone saxatilis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 133-140.
Rodehutscord, M. and Pfeffer, E. 1995 Effects of supplemental microbial phytase on
phosphorus digestibility and utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Water Science and Technology, 31: 143-147.
RONSHOLDT, B. 1995 Effect of fish size, age and feed composition on body composition and phosphorus content of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Water Science and Technology, 31: 137-141.
ROY, P.K. and LALL, S.P. 2003 Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.). Aquaculture, 221: 451-468.
Sajjadi M. and Carter, C.G. 2004 Dietary phytase supplementation and the utilisation of phosphorus by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed a canolameal-based diet. Aquaculture, 240: 417-431.
SAKAMOTO, S.; YONE, Y. 1978 Effect of dietary phosphorus level on chemical composition of red sea bream. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific
Fisheries. 44: 227-229.
SHEARER, K.D. 1995 The use of factorial modeling to determine the dietary requirements for essential elements in fishes. Aquaculture, 133: 57-72.
Silva, D.J. 1990 Análise de alimentos (métodos químicos e biológicos). 2. ed., Imprensa Universitária: Viçosa,166p.
Spinelli J., Houle, C.R.; Wekell, J.C. 1983 The 1983 The effect of phytates on the growth of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed purified diets containing varying quantities of calcium and magnesium. Aquaculture, 30: 71-83.
Storebakken, T., Shearer, K.D.; Roem, A.J.1998 Availability of protein, phosphorus and other elements in fish meal, soy protein concentrate and phytase treated soy protein based diets to Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture, 161: 365-379.
Sugiura, S.H.; Gabaudan, J.; Dong, M.; Hardy, R.W. 2001 Dietary microbial phytase
supplementation and the utilization of phosphorus, trace minerals and protein by rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] fed soybean meal-based diets. Aquaculture, 32: 583-592.
SAEG - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIí"¡OSA - UFV.1982 Centro de Processamento de Dados - UFV/CPD. SAEG - Sistema de análises estatísticas e genéticas.Viçosa: UFV, 52p.
Vielma, J., Lall, S.P.; Koskela, J. 1998 Effects of dietary phytase and cholecalciferol on phosphorus bioavailability in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 63: 309-323.
YANG, S.; LIN, T.; LIU, F. 2006 Influence of dietary phosphorus levels on growth, metabolic response and body composition of juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus). Aquaculture, v. 253, p. 592-601, 2006.
Yoo, G.; Wang, X.; Choi, S.; Han, K.; Kang, J.; Bai,S. C. 2005 Dietary microbial phytase increased the phosphorus digestibility in juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed diets containing soybean meal. Aquaculture, 243: 315-322.
ZHANG, C.; MAI, K; Ai, Q. ZHANG, W.; DUAN, Q.;TAN, B.; MA, H.; XU, W.; LIUFU, Z.; WANG,X. 2006 Dietary phosphorus requeriment of juvenile Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Aquaculture, 255: 201-209.
Baeverfjord, G.; Asgard, T.; SHEARER, K.D.1998 Shearer. Development and detection of phosphorus deficiency in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr and post-smolts. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 1-11.
BAKER, D.H. 1986 Problems and pitfalls in animal experiments designed to establish dietary requirements for essential nutrients. Journal of Nutrition, 116: 2339, 1986.
BISWAS, A.K.; KAKU, H.; JI, S.G.; SEOKA, M.; TAKII,K. 2007 Use of meat and phytase for partial replacement of fish meal in the diet of red sea bream, Pagrus major. Aquaculture, 265: 253-260.
BOCK, C.L.; CANTELMO, O.A.; PEZZATO, L.E.; BARROS, M.M. 2007 Fitase em rações para tilápia-do-nilo. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia,36:1455-1461.
DENSTADLI, V.; STOREBAKKEN, T.; SVIHUS, B.;SKREDE, A. 2007 A comparison of online phytase pre-treatment of vegetable feed ingredients and phytase coating in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reared in cold water. Aquaculture (no
prelo).
EYA, J.C. e LOVELL, R.T. 1986 Available phosphorus requirements of food-size channel "catfish†(Ictalurus punctatus) fed practical diets in ponds. Aquaculture, 154: 283-291.
Forster, I.; Higgs, D.A.; Dosanjh, B.S. 1999 Potential for dietary phytase to improve the nutritive value of canola protein concentrate and decrease phosphorus output in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikiss) held in 11o C fresh water.Aquaculture, 179: 109-125.
Furuya, W.M.; Gonçalves, G.S.; Furuya, V.R.B.;Hayashi, C. 2001a Fitase na Alimentação
da tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus L.):Desempenho e Digestibilidade. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 30: 924-929.
Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.; Pezzato, A.C. 2001b Coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da energia e nutrientes de alguns ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) (Linhagem (Linhagem
Tailandesa). Acta Scientiarum, 23: 465-469.
Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Barros, M.M. 2004 Use of ideal protein concept for precision Use of ideal protein concept for precision formulation of amino acid levels in fish-meal-free diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, .35: 1110-1116.
Jackson, L.S.; Li, M.H.; Robinson, E.H. 1996 Use of microbial phytase in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus diets to improve utilization phytate phosphorus. Journal of the Word Aquaculture Society, 7:309-313.
Lanari, D.; D’agaro, E.; Turri, C. 1998 Use of nonlinear regression to evaluate the effects of phytase enzyme treatment of plant protein diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 161: 345-356.
LIEBERT, F.; PORTZ, L. 2005 Nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed plant based low phosphorus diets supplemented with graded levels of different sources of microbial phytase.Aquaculture, v.248, n.1-4, p.111-119.
Lovell, R.T. 1998 Nutrition and feeding of fish. NewYork: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 260p.
Masumoto, T.; Tamura, B.; Shimeno, S. 2001 Effects of phytase on bioavailability of phosphous in soybean meal-based diets for japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fisheries Science, 67: 1075-1080.
MCCUAIG, L.W.; DAVIS, M.I.; MOTZOK, I. 1972 Intestinal alkaline phosphatase and phytase of chicks: effect of dietary magnesium, calcium,phosphorus and thyroactive casein. Poultry Science, 51: 526-530.
NRC - 1993 National Research Council - Nutritional Requirements of fishes. Washington: Academic Press. 114p.
Oliva-Teles, A.; Pereira, J.P.; GOUVEIA, A. 1998 Utilisation of diets supplemented with microbial phytase by seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Aquatic Living Resource, 11: 255-259.
Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.;Furuya, V.R.B.; Pezzato, A.C. 2002
Digestibilidade aparente de ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 31: 1595-1604.
Popma, T.J. and Green, B.W. 1990 Sex reversal of tilapia in earthen ponds. Aquaculture production manual. Alabama: Auburn University, Alabama Research and Development. Series 35, 15p.
Power Hughes, K.P.; Soares, J.H. 1998 Efficacy of phytase on phosphorus utilization in pratical diets fed to striped bass Morone saxatilis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 133-140.
Rodehutscord, M. and Pfeffer, E. 1995 Effects of supplemental microbial phytase on
phosphorus digestibility and utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Water Science and Technology, 31: 143-147.
RONSHOLDT, B. 1995 Effect of fish size, age and feed composition on body composition and phosphorus content of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Water Science and Technology, 31: 137-141.
ROY, P.K. and LALL, S.P. 2003 Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.). Aquaculture, 221: 451-468.
Sajjadi M. and Carter, C.G. 2004 Dietary phytase supplementation and the utilisation of phosphorus by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed a canolameal-based diet. Aquaculture, 240: 417-431.
SAKAMOTO, S.; YONE, Y. 1978 Effect of dietary phosphorus level on chemical composition of red sea bream. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific
Fisheries. 44: 227-229.
SHEARER, K.D. 1995 The use of factorial modeling to determine the dietary requirements for essential elements in fishes. Aquaculture, 133: 57-72.
Silva, D.J. 1990 Análise de alimentos (métodos químicos e biológicos). 2. ed., Imprensa Universitária: Viçosa,166p.
Spinelli J., Houle, C.R.; Wekell, J.C. 1983 The 1983 The effect of phytates on the growth of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed purified diets containing varying quantities of calcium and magnesium. Aquaculture, 30: 71-83.
Storebakken, T., Shearer, K.D.; Roem, A.J.1998 Availability of protein, phosphorus and other elements in fish meal, soy protein concentrate and phytase treated soy protein based diets to Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture, 161: 365-379.
Sugiura, S.H.; Gabaudan, J.; Dong, M.; Hardy, R.W. 2001 Dietary microbial phytase
supplementation and the utilization of phosphorus, trace minerals and protein by rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] fed soybean meal-based diets. Aquaculture, 32: 583-592.
SAEG - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIí"¡OSA - UFV.1982 Centro de Processamento de Dados - UFV/CPD. SAEG - Sistema de análises estatísticas e genéticas.Viçosa: UFV, 52p.
Vielma, J., Lall, S.P.; Koskela, J. 1998 Effects of dietary phytase and cholecalciferol on phosphorus bioavailability in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 63: 309-323.
YANG, S.; LIN, T.; LIU, F. 2006 Influence of dietary phosphorus levels on growth, metabolic response and body composition of juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus). Aquaculture, v. 253, p. 592-601, 2006.
Yoo, G.; Wang, X.; Choi, S.; Han, K.; Kang, J.; Bai,S. C. 2005 Dietary microbial phytase increased the phosphorus digestibility in juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed diets containing soybean meal. Aquaculture, 243: 315-322.
ZHANG, C.; MAI, K; Ai, Q. ZHANG, W.; DUAN, Q.;TAN, B.; MA, H.; XU, W.; LIUFU, Z.; WANG,X. 2006 Dietary phosphorus requeriment of juvenile Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Aquaculture, 255: 201-209.
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2018-11-04
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