Fitase em rações para juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)
Palavras-chave:
enzima, desempenho, ossos, peixeResumo
Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar os efeitos da utilização de fitase sobre o desempenho e retenção de minerais em juvenis de pacu. Foram utilizados 160 peixes (16,42 ± 2 g), que foram alimentados com rações contendo 0; 500; 1.000 e 2.000 unidades de fitase (UF)/kg e com aproximadamente 3.238 kcal de energia digestível, 30% de proteína bruta e 0,31% de fósforo disponível. Os peixes foram alimentados até saciedade aparente durante 60 dias. Não foi observado efeito dos níveis de fitase nas rações sobre as variáveis de sobrevivência, umidade, proteína bruta e gordura na carcaça. Foi observado aumento linear dos níveis de fitase nas dietas sobre o ganho de peso, cinzas da carcaça e dos ossos. Foi observado efeito quadrático dos níveis de fitase sobre a conversão alimentar, taxa de eficiência proteica e níveis de cálcio e fósforo nos ossos, em que os melhores valores foram estimados em 433,33; 425; 1875 e 1833 UF/kg dieta respectivamente. Concluiu-se que a suplementação ótima de fitase em rações para juvenis de pacu é de 433,33 UF/kg.
Referências
Andrews J.W.; Murai, T.; Campbell, eC. 1973 Effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus on growth, food conversion, bone ash and hematocrit levels of catfish. Journal of Nutrition, 103: 766-771.
Baeverfjord, G.; Asgard, T.; SHEARER, K.D.1998 Shearer. Development and detection of phosphorus deficiency in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr and post-smolts. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 1-11.
BAKER, D.H. 1986 Problems and pitfalls in animal experiments designed to establish dietary requirements for essential nutrients. Journal of Nutrition, 116: 2339, 1986.
BISWAS, A.K.; KAKU, H.; JI, S.G.; SEOKA, M.; TAKII,K. 2007 Use of meat and phytase for partial replacement of fish meal in the diet of red sea bream, Pagrus major. Aquaculture, 265: 253-260.
BOCK, C.L.; CANTELMO, O.A.; PEZZATO, L.E.; BARROS, M.M. 2007 Fitase em rações para tilápia-do-nilo. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia,36:1455-1461.
DENSTADLI, V.; STOREBAKKEN, T.; SVIHUS, B.;SKREDE, A. 2007 A comparison of online phytase pre-treatment of vegetable feed ingredients and phytase coating in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reared in cold water. Aquaculture (no
prelo).
EYA, J.C. e LOVELL, R.T. 1986 Available phosphorus requirements of food-size channel "catfish†(Ictalurus punctatus) fed practical diets in ponds. Aquaculture, 154: 283-291.
Forster, I.; Higgs, D.A.; Dosanjh, B.S. 1999 Potential for dietary phytase to improve the nutritive value of canola protein concentrate and decrease phosphorus output in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikiss) held in 11o C fresh water.Aquaculture, 179: 109-125.
Furuya, W.M.; Gonçalves, G.S.; Furuya, V.R.B.;Hayashi, C. 2001a Fitase na Alimentação
da tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus L.):Desempenho e Digestibilidade. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 30: 924-929.
Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.; Pezzato, A.C. 2001b Coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da energia e nutrientes de alguns ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) (Linhagem (Linhagem
Tailandesa). Acta Scientiarum, 23: 465-469.
Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Barros, M.M. 2004 Use of ideal protein concept for precision Use of ideal protein concept for precision formulation of amino acid levels in fish-meal-free diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, .35: 1110-1116.
Jackson, L.S.; Li, M.H.; Robinson, E.H. 1996 Use of microbial phytase in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus diets to improve utilization phytate phosphorus. Journal of the Word Aquaculture Society, 7:309-313.
Lanari, D.; D’agaro, E.; Turri, C. 1998 Use of nonlinear regression to evaluate the effects of phytase enzyme treatment of plant protein diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 161: 345-356.
LIEBERT, F.; PORTZ, L. 2005 Nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed plant based low phosphorus diets supplemented with graded levels of different sources of microbial phytase.Aquaculture, v.248, n.1-4, p.111-119.
Lovell, R.T. 1998 Nutrition and feeding of fish. NewYork: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 260p.
Masumoto, T.; Tamura, B.; Shimeno, S. 2001 Effects of phytase on bioavailability of phosphous in soybean meal-based diets for japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fisheries Science, 67: 1075-1080.
MCCUAIG, L.W.; DAVIS, M.I.; MOTZOK, I. 1972 Intestinal alkaline phosphatase and phytase of chicks: effect of dietary magnesium, calcium,phosphorus and thyroactive casein. Poultry Science, 51: 526-530.
NRC - 1993 National Research Council - Nutritional Requirements of fishes. Washington: Academic Press. 114p.
Oliva-Teles, A.; Pereira, J.P.; GOUVEIA, A. 1998 Utilisation of diets supplemented with microbial phytase by seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Aquatic Living Resource, 11: 255-259.
Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.;Furuya, V.R.B.; Pezzato, A.C. 2002
Digestibilidade aparente de ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 31: 1595-1604.
Popma, T.J. and Green, B.W. 1990 Sex reversal of tilapia in earthen ponds. Aquaculture production manual. Alabama: Auburn University, Alabama Research and Development. Series 35, 15p.
Power Hughes, K.P.; Soares, J.H. 1998 Efficacy of phytase on phosphorus utilization in pratical diets fed to striped bass Morone saxatilis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 133-140.
Rodehutscord, M. and Pfeffer, E. 1995 Effects of supplemental microbial phytase on
phosphorus digestibility and utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Water Science and Technology, 31: 143-147.
RONSHOLDT, B. 1995 Effect of fish size, age and feed composition on body composition and phosphorus content of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Water Science and Technology, 31: 137-141.
ROY, P.K. and LALL, S.P. 2003 Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.). Aquaculture, 221: 451-468.
Sajjadi M. and Carter, C.G. 2004 Dietary phytase supplementation and the utilisation of phosphorus by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed a canolameal-based diet. Aquaculture, 240: 417-431.
SAKAMOTO, S.; YONE, Y. 1978 Effect of dietary phosphorus level on chemical composition of red sea bream. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific
Fisheries. 44: 227-229.
SHEARER, K.D. 1995 The use of factorial modeling to determine the dietary requirements for essential elements in fishes. Aquaculture, 133: 57-72.
Silva, D.J. 1990 Análise de alimentos (métodos químicos e biológicos). 2. ed., Imprensa Universitária: Viçosa,166p.
Spinelli J., Houle, C.R.; Wekell, J.C. 1983 The 1983 The effect of phytates on the growth of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed purified diets containing varying quantities of calcium and magnesium. Aquaculture, 30: 71-83.
Storebakken, T., Shearer, K.D.; Roem, A.J.1998 Availability of protein, phosphorus and other elements in fish meal, soy protein concentrate and phytase treated soy protein based diets to Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture, 161: 365-379.
Sugiura, S.H.; Gabaudan, J.; Dong, M.; Hardy, R.W. 2001 Dietary microbial phytase
supplementation and the utilization of phosphorus, trace minerals and protein by rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] fed soybean meal-based diets. Aquaculture, 32: 583-592.
SAEG - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIí"¡OSA - UFV.1982 Centro de Processamento de Dados - UFV/CPD. SAEG - Sistema de análises estatísticas e genéticas.Viçosa: UFV, 52p.
Vielma, J., Lall, S.P.; Koskela, J. 1998 Effects of dietary phytase and cholecalciferol on phosphorus bioavailability in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 63: 309-323.
YANG, S.; LIN, T.; LIU, F. 2006 Influence of dietary phosphorus levels on growth, metabolic response and body composition of juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus). Aquaculture, v. 253, p. 592-601, 2006.
Yoo, G.; Wang, X.; Choi, S.; Han, K.; Kang, J.; Bai,S. C. 2005 Dietary microbial phytase increased the phosphorus digestibility in juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed diets containing soybean meal. Aquaculture, 243: 315-322.
ZHANG, C.; MAI, K; Ai, Q. ZHANG, W.; DUAN, Q.;TAN, B.; MA, H.; XU, W.; LIUFU, Z.; WANG,X. 2006 Dietary phosphorus requeriment of juvenile Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Aquaculture, 255: 201-209.
Baeverfjord, G.; Asgard, T.; SHEARER, K.D.1998 Shearer. Development and detection of phosphorus deficiency in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr and post-smolts. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 1-11.
BAKER, D.H. 1986 Problems and pitfalls in animal experiments designed to establish dietary requirements for essential nutrients. Journal of Nutrition, 116: 2339, 1986.
BISWAS, A.K.; KAKU, H.; JI, S.G.; SEOKA, M.; TAKII,K. 2007 Use of meat and phytase for partial replacement of fish meal in the diet of red sea bream, Pagrus major. Aquaculture, 265: 253-260.
BOCK, C.L.; CANTELMO, O.A.; PEZZATO, L.E.; BARROS, M.M. 2007 Fitase em rações para tilápia-do-nilo. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia,36:1455-1461.
DENSTADLI, V.; STOREBAKKEN, T.; SVIHUS, B.;SKREDE, A. 2007 A comparison of online phytase pre-treatment of vegetable feed ingredients and phytase coating in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reared in cold water. Aquaculture (no
prelo).
EYA, J.C. e LOVELL, R.T. 1986 Available phosphorus requirements of food-size channel "catfish†(Ictalurus punctatus) fed practical diets in ponds. Aquaculture, 154: 283-291.
Forster, I.; Higgs, D.A.; Dosanjh, B.S. 1999 Potential for dietary phytase to improve the nutritive value of canola protein concentrate and decrease phosphorus output in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikiss) held in 11o C fresh water.Aquaculture, 179: 109-125.
Furuya, W.M.; Gonçalves, G.S.; Furuya, V.R.B.;Hayashi, C. 2001a Fitase na Alimentação
da tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus L.):Desempenho e Digestibilidade. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 30: 924-929.
Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.; Pezzato, A.C. 2001b Coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da energia e nutrientes de alguns ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) (Linhagem (Linhagem
Tailandesa). Acta Scientiarum, 23: 465-469.
Furuya, W.M.; Pezzato, L.E.; Barros, M.M. 2004 Use of ideal protein concept for precision Use of ideal protein concept for precision formulation of amino acid levels in fish-meal-free diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, .35: 1110-1116.
Jackson, L.S.; Li, M.H.; Robinson, E.H. 1996 Use of microbial phytase in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus diets to improve utilization phytate phosphorus. Journal of the Word Aquaculture Society, 7:309-313.
Lanari, D.; D’agaro, E.; Turri, C. 1998 Use of nonlinear regression to evaluate the effects of phytase enzyme treatment of plant protein diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 161: 345-356.
LIEBERT, F.; PORTZ, L. 2005 Nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed plant based low phosphorus diets supplemented with graded levels of different sources of microbial phytase.Aquaculture, v.248, n.1-4, p.111-119.
Lovell, R.T. 1998 Nutrition and feeding of fish. NewYork: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 260p.
Masumoto, T.; Tamura, B.; Shimeno, S. 2001 Effects of phytase on bioavailability of phosphous in soybean meal-based diets for japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fisheries Science, 67: 1075-1080.
MCCUAIG, L.W.; DAVIS, M.I.; MOTZOK, I. 1972 Intestinal alkaline phosphatase and phytase of chicks: effect of dietary magnesium, calcium,phosphorus and thyroactive casein. Poultry Science, 51: 526-530.
NRC - 1993 National Research Council - Nutritional Requirements of fishes. Washington: Academic Press. 114p.
Oliva-Teles, A.; Pereira, J.P.; GOUVEIA, A. 1998 Utilisation of diets supplemented with microbial phytase by seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Aquatic Living Resource, 11: 255-259.
Pezzato, L.E.; Miranda, E.C.; Barros, M.M.;Furuya, V.R.B.; Pezzato, A.C. 2002
Digestibilidade aparente de ingredientes pela tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 31: 1595-1604.
Popma, T.J. and Green, B.W. 1990 Sex reversal of tilapia in earthen ponds. Aquaculture production manual. Alabama: Auburn University, Alabama Research and Development. Series 35, 15p.
Power Hughes, K.P.; Soares, J.H. 1998 Efficacy of phytase on phosphorus utilization in pratical diets fed to striped bass Morone saxatilis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 4: 133-140.
Rodehutscord, M. and Pfeffer, E. 1995 Effects of supplemental microbial phytase on
phosphorus digestibility and utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Water Science and Technology, 31: 143-147.
RONSHOLDT, B. 1995 Effect of fish size, age and feed composition on body composition and phosphorus content of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Water Science and Technology, 31: 137-141.
ROY, P.K. and LALL, S.P. 2003 Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.). Aquaculture, 221: 451-468.
Sajjadi M. and Carter, C.G. 2004 Dietary phytase supplementation and the utilisation of phosphorus by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed a canolameal-based diet. Aquaculture, 240: 417-431.
SAKAMOTO, S.; YONE, Y. 1978 Effect of dietary phosphorus level on chemical composition of red sea bream. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific
Fisheries. 44: 227-229.
SHEARER, K.D. 1995 The use of factorial modeling to determine the dietary requirements for essential elements in fishes. Aquaculture, 133: 57-72.
Silva, D.J. 1990 Análise de alimentos (métodos químicos e biológicos). 2. ed., Imprensa Universitária: Viçosa,166p.
Spinelli J., Houle, C.R.; Wekell, J.C. 1983 The 1983 The effect of phytates on the growth of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed purified diets containing varying quantities of calcium and magnesium. Aquaculture, 30: 71-83.
Storebakken, T., Shearer, K.D.; Roem, A.J.1998 Availability of protein, phosphorus and other elements in fish meal, soy protein concentrate and phytase treated soy protein based diets to Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture, 161: 365-379.
Sugiura, S.H.; Gabaudan, J.; Dong, M.; Hardy, R.W. 2001 Dietary microbial phytase
supplementation and the utilization of phosphorus, trace minerals and protein by rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] fed soybean meal-based diets. Aquaculture, 32: 583-592.
SAEG - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIí"¡OSA - UFV.1982 Centro de Processamento de Dados - UFV/CPD. SAEG - Sistema de análises estatísticas e genéticas.Viçosa: UFV, 52p.
Vielma, J., Lall, S.P.; Koskela, J. 1998 Effects of dietary phytase and cholecalciferol on phosphorus bioavailability in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 63: 309-323.
YANG, S.; LIN, T.; LIU, F. 2006 Influence of dietary phosphorus levels on growth, metabolic response and body composition of juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus). Aquaculture, v. 253, p. 592-601, 2006.
Yoo, G.; Wang, X.; Choi, S.; Han, K.; Kang, J.; Bai,S. C. 2005 Dietary microbial phytase increased the phosphorus digestibility in juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed diets containing soybean meal. Aquaculture, 243: 315-322.
ZHANG, C.; MAI, K; Ai, Q. ZHANG, W.; DUAN, Q.;TAN, B.; MA, H.; XU, W.; LIUFU, Z.; WANG,X. 2006 Dietary phosphorus requeriment of juvenile Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Aquaculture, 255: 201-209.
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2018-11-04
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