Efeito do cádmio e zinco na excreção de amônia e consumo de oxigênio do camarão sete-barbas, de acordo com a temperatura
Palavras-chave:
poluição marinha, metal pesado, toxicidade, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, CL50Resumo
Os camarões são importantes recursos marinhos explorados pela pesca e aquicultura. No Brasil, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri é uma importante espécie comercialmente explorada e um animal ideal para estudar o impacto causado por efeitos de metais pesados que frequentemente são detectados em áreas costeiras. O principal objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a toxicidade aguda do Cd e Zn para o X. kroyeri e investigar seus efeitos no consumo de oxigênio e na excreção de amônia em diferentes temperaturas, uma vez que tais parí¢metros ainda não foram determinados para a referida espécie. Primeiramente, foram determinadas a toxicidade aguda (LC50) do Cd e Zn, para X. kroyeri por um período de 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas em três temperaturas (25°C, 20°C, 15°C). Os resultados revelaram que para camarões expostos ao Cd e Zn houve uma inibição do consumo de oxigênio, de 52,50% e 52,63% respectivamente, para a mais baixa temperatura (15°C). Entretanto, para a excreção de amônia houve aumento de 85,00% e 89,47% para a mais alta concentração e temperatura utilizadas em relação ao controle. Conclui-se, portanto, que as toxicidades de Cd e Zn foram mais altas nas temperaturas e concentrações mais elevadas.
Referências
ADAMS, S.M. 1990 Status and use of biological indicators for evaluating the effects of stress on fish. American Fisheries Society Symposium, 8: 1í 8.
AMAND, L.ST.; GAGNON, R.; PACKARD, T.T.; SAVENKOFF. C. 1999 Effects of inorganic
mercury on the respiration and the swimming activity of shrimp larvae, Pandalus borealis.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part C,122: 33-43.
BARBIERI, E. 2009a Effects of zinc and cadmium on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis, PérezFarfante, 1967, Crustacea). Ecotoxicology, 18: 312-318.
BARBIERI, E. 2009b Effect of 2,4-D herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of juveniles of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae).Ecotoxicology, 18: 55-60.
BARBIERI, E. and DOI, S.A. 2011 The effects of different temperature and salinity levels on the acute toxicity of zinc in the Pink Shrimp. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 44(4):251-263.
BARBIERI, E. and PAES, E.T. 2011 The use of oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion to evaluate the toxicity of cadmium on Farfantepenaeus paulensis with respect to salinity.Chemosphere, 84: 9-16.
BARBIERI, E.; GARCIA, C.A.B.; BISPO, R.L.; ARAGÃO, K.A.S.; ALVES, J.P.H. 2004 Utilização do camarão sete-barbas (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) na determinação da toxicidade da água de produção de petróleo caracterizada no Estado de Sergipe. O Mundo Saúde, 28(4): 421-430.
BATTY, R.S.; BLAXTER, J.H.S.; FRETWELL, K. 1993 Effect of temperature on the escape responses of larval herring, Clupea harengus. Marine Biology,115: 523í 528.
CARVALHO, C.E.V.; FARIA, M.V.V.;CAVALCANTE, P.O.; GOMES, M.P.; REZENDE, C.E. 2000 Distribuição de Metais Pesados em Peixes Costeiros Bentônicos da Região de Macaé, R.J., Brasil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Restauration, 3(2): 12-16.
CARVALHO, C.E.V.; CAVALCANTE, M.P.O.;GOMES, M.P.; FARIA, V.V.; REZENDE, C.E.
2001 Distribuição de Metais Pesados em Mexilhões (Perna perna, L.) da Ilha de Santana,Macaé, SE, Brasil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Restauration, 4(1): 1-5.
CHEN, J.P. and CHIN, T.S. 1988 Acute toxicity of nitrite to tiger prawn, Panaeus monodon, larvae. Aquaculture, 83(1): 253í 262.
CETESB. Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental. 2001 Sistema Estuarino de Santos e São Vicente. PROCOP. Programa de Controle de Poluição Programa de Assistência Técnica. 142p.
CHEUNG, C.C.C. and LAM, P.K.S. 1998 Effect of cadmium on the juveniles of a tropical
freshwater sanil, Physa acuta (Draparnaud, 1805).Water Science and Technology, 38(7): 263-270.
CHIN, T.S. and CHEN, J.C. 1987 Acute toxicity of ammonia to larvae of the tiger prawn Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture, 66(1): 247í 253.
CHINNI, S.; KHAN, R.N.; YALLAPRAGADA, P.R. 2000 Oxygen consumption, ammonia-N
excretion, and metal accumulation in Penaeus indicus postlarvae exposed to lead. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 64:144í 151.
CHINNI, S.; KHAN, R.N.; YALLAPRAGADA, P.R. 2002 Acute toxicity of lead on tolerance, oxygen consumption, ammonia- N excretion, and metal accumulation in Penaeus indicus postlarvae.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 51: 79í 84.
CHRISTIANSEN, P.D.; BROZEK, K.; HANSEN, B.W.1998 Energetic and behavioral responses by the common goby, Pomatoschistus microps (Kroyer),exposed to linear Alkybenzene sulfonate (LAS).Environtal and Toxicology Chemistry, 17(10):2051-2057.
DAMATO, M. and BARBIERI, E. 2003 Emprego de uma espécie indicadora sul-americana na determinação da toxicidade aguda para Cobre, Zinco, Níquel e Alumínio. O Mundo da Saúde,27(4): 551-558.
DAMATO, M. and BARBIERI, E. 2011 Determinação da toxicidade aguda de cloreto de amõnia para uma espécie de peixe (Hyphessobrycon callistus) indicadora regional. O Mundo da Saúde, 35(4):551-558.
DECOURSEY P.J. and VERNBERG, W.B. 1972 Effect of mercury on survival,metabolism, and behaviour of larval Uca pugilator (Brachyura). Oikos, 23: 241-247.
DOI S.A.; COLLAí"¡O F.L.; STURARO L.G.R.; BARBIERI E. 2012 Efeito do chumbo em níveis de oxigênio e amônia no camarão rosa (Farfantepeneaus paulensis) em relação á salinidade. O Mundo da Saúde, 36(4): 594í 601.
EYSINK, G.G J.; PÁDUA, H.B.; BERTOLETTI, S.A.E.; PEREIRA, D.N. 1988a Metais pesados no vale do Ribeira e em Iguape - Ilha Comprida. Ambiente,2: 6-13.
EYSINK, G.G.J.; PÁDUA, H.B.; MARTINS, M.C. 1988b Presença de Mercúrio no Ambiente. Ambiente, 2: 43-50.
FILONOV, A.E. 2000 Spatial structure of the temperature and salinity fields in the presence of internal waves on the continental shelf of the states of Jalisco and Colina (Mexico). Ciencia Marina, 26(1): 1-21.
HAMILTON, M.A.; RUSSO, R.C.; THURSTON, R.V.1977 Trimmed Spearmaní Karber method for estimating median lethal concentrations in toxicity bioassays. Environmental Science and Technology, 11(7): 714í 719.
HANSEN, B.; FOTEL, R.L.; JESEN, N.J.; WITTRUP, L. 1997 Physiological effects of the detergent linear alkylbenzene sulphonate on blue mussel larvae (Mytilus edulis) in laboratory and mesocosm experiments. Marine Biology, 128: 627-637.
KOIZUMI, T.; YOKOTA, T.; SHIRAKURA, H.; TATSUMOTO, H.; SUSUKI, K.T. 1994. Potential mechanism of cadmium induced cytotoxicity in rat hepatocytes: inhibitory action of cadmium on mitochondrial respiratory activity. Aquatic Toxicology, 9(2): 115í 125.
LEMAIRE, P.; STURVE, J.; FORLIN, L.; LIVINGSTONE, D.R. 1996 Studies on aromatic
hydrocarbon quinone metabolism and DTdiaphorase function in liver of fish species.
Marine Environmental Research, 2(1-4): 317-321.
MANCE, G. 1987 Pollution Threats of heavy Metals in Aquatic Environments. Elsevier Appied Science Publishers Ltd., London, UK. 230p.
MARTIN, M.; OSBORN, K.E.; BILLIG, P.; GLICKSTEIN, N. 1981 Toxicities of ten metals to Crassostrea gigas and Mytillus edulis, embryos, and Cancer magister larvae. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 12(2): 305í 308.
MARTINEZ, D.S.T.; ALVES, O.L.; BARBIERI, E. 2013 Carbon nanotubes enhanced the lead toxicity on the freshwater fish. Journal of Physics:Conference series 429 012043.
MAYZAUD, P. and CONOVER, R.J. 1988 O:N atomic ratio as a tool to describe zooplankton metabolism. Marine Ecology Progress Serie, 45:289í 302.
MCFARLAND, W.N. and LEE, B.D. 1963 Osmotic and ionic concentration of shrimp of the Texas coast. Bulletin of Marine Science, 13: 391-416.
MCMAHON, B.R. 2001 Respiratory and circulatory compensation to hypoxia in crustaceans.Respiratory Physiology, 128: 349-364.
ONG CHE, R.G. and CHEUNG, S.G. 1998 Heavy metals in Metapenaeus ensis, Eriocheir sinensis and sediment from the Mai Po marshes, Hong Kong. The Science of the Total Environment, 214(1):87-97.
PEQUEUX, A.; BIANCHINI, A.; GILLES, R. 1996 Mercury and osmoregulation in the crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C - Toxicology & Pharmacology, 113(2):149-155.
RAO, E.G. and KHAN, M.A.Q. 2000 Zebra mussels:Enhancement of copper toxicity by high temperature and its relationship with respiration and metabolism. Water Environment Research,72(2): 175-178.
ROSAS, C.; MARTINEZ, E.; GAXIOLA, G.; BRITO, R.; SANCHEZ, A.; SOTO, L.A. 1999 The effect of dissolved oxygen and salinity on oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and osmotic pressure of Penaeus setiferus juveniles. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 234: 41í 57.
SCHRECK, C.B. 1990 Physiological, behavioral and performance indicators of stress. American Fisheries Society Symposium, 8: 29í 37.
SPICER, J.I. and WEBER, R.E. 1991 Respiratory impairment in crustaceans and mollusks due to exposure to heavy metals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 100(3): 339í 342.
SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, K.E.D. 1997 Animal physiology.Adaptation and Environment. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. 607 pp.
SOEGIANTO, A.; CHARMANTIER-DAURES, M.;TRILLES, J.P.; CHARMANTIER, G. 1999a
Impact of cadmium on the structure of gills and epipodites of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus. Aquatic Living Resource, 12(1): 57-70.
SOEGIANTO, A.; CHARMANTIER-DAURES, M.; TRILLES, J.P.; CHARMANTIER, G. 1999b
Impact of copper on the structure of gills and epipodites of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 19(2): 209í 223.
SOLORZANO, L. 1969 Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenolhypochlorite method. Limnology and Oceanography, 14: 799-801.
SUNDA, W.G.; ENGEL, D.W.; THUOTTE, R.M. 1978 Effects of chemical speciation on toxicity of cadmium to grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugui:importance of free cadmium ion. Environmetal Science Technology, 12(4): 409-413.
VANEGAS, C.; ESPINA, S.; BOTTELO, A.S.;VILLANUEVA, S. 1997 Acute toxicity and
synergism of cadmium and zinc in white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus, juveniles. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,58(2): 87í 92.
WONG, C.K.; CHU, K.H.; TANG, K.W.; TAM, T.W.;WONG, L.J. 1993 Effects of chromium, copper and nickel on survival and feeding behavior of Metapenaeus ensis larvae and postlarvae (Decapoda: Penaeidae). Marime Environmental Researche, 36(1): 63í 78.
WU, J.P. and CHEN, H.C. 2004 Effects of cadmium and zinc on oxygen consumption, ammonium excretion, and osmoregulation of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Chemosphere, 57: 1591-1598.
AMAND, L.ST.; GAGNON, R.; PACKARD, T.T.; SAVENKOFF. C. 1999 Effects of inorganic
mercury on the respiration and the swimming activity of shrimp larvae, Pandalus borealis.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part C,122: 33-43.
BARBIERI, E. 2009a Effects of zinc and cadmium on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis, PérezFarfante, 1967, Crustacea). Ecotoxicology, 18: 312-318.
BARBIERI, E. 2009b Effect of 2,4-D herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of juveniles of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae).Ecotoxicology, 18: 55-60.
BARBIERI, E. and DOI, S.A. 2011 The effects of different temperature and salinity levels on the acute toxicity of zinc in the Pink Shrimp. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 44(4):251-263.
BARBIERI, E. and PAES, E.T. 2011 The use of oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion to evaluate the toxicity of cadmium on Farfantepenaeus paulensis with respect to salinity.Chemosphere, 84: 9-16.
BARBIERI, E.; GARCIA, C.A.B.; BISPO, R.L.; ARAGÃO, K.A.S.; ALVES, J.P.H. 2004 Utilização do camarão sete-barbas (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) na determinação da toxicidade da água de produção de petróleo caracterizada no Estado de Sergipe. O Mundo Saúde, 28(4): 421-430.
BATTY, R.S.; BLAXTER, J.H.S.; FRETWELL, K. 1993 Effect of temperature on the escape responses of larval herring, Clupea harengus. Marine Biology,115: 523í 528.
CARVALHO, C.E.V.; FARIA, M.V.V.;CAVALCANTE, P.O.; GOMES, M.P.; REZENDE, C.E. 2000 Distribuição de Metais Pesados em Peixes Costeiros Bentônicos da Região de Macaé, R.J., Brasil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Restauration, 3(2): 12-16.
CARVALHO, C.E.V.; CAVALCANTE, M.P.O.;GOMES, M.P.; FARIA, V.V.; REZENDE, C.E.
2001 Distribuição de Metais Pesados em Mexilhões (Perna perna, L.) da Ilha de Santana,Macaé, SE, Brasil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Restauration, 4(1): 1-5.
CHEN, J.P. and CHIN, T.S. 1988 Acute toxicity of nitrite to tiger prawn, Panaeus monodon, larvae. Aquaculture, 83(1): 253í 262.
CETESB. Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental. 2001 Sistema Estuarino de Santos e São Vicente. PROCOP. Programa de Controle de Poluição Programa de Assistência Técnica. 142p.
CHEUNG, C.C.C. and LAM, P.K.S. 1998 Effect of cadmium on the juveniles of a tropical
freshwater sanil, Physa acuta (Draparnaud, 1805).Water Science and Technology, 38(7): 263-270.
CHIN, T.S. and CHEN, J.C. 1987 Acute toxicity of ammonia to larvae of the tiger prawn Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture, 66(1): 247í 253.
CHINNI, S.; KHAN, R.N.; YALLAPRAGADA, P.R. 2000 Oxygen consumption, ammonia-N
excretion, and metal accumulation in Penaeus indicus postlarvae exposed to lead. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 64:144í 151.
CHINNI, S.; KHAN, R.N.; YALLAPRAGADA, P.R. 2002 Acute toxicity of lead on tolerance, oxygen consumption, ammonia- N excretion, and metal accumulation in Penaeus indicus postlarvae.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 51: 79í 84.
CHRISTIANSEN, P.D.; BROZEK, K.; HANSEN, B.W.1998 Energetic and behavioral responses by the common goby, Pomatoschistus microps (Kroyer),exposed to linear Alkybenzene sulfonate (LAS).Environtal and Toxicology Chemistry, 17(10):2051-2057.
DAMATO, M. and BARBIERI, E. 2003 Emprego de uma espécie indicadora sul-americana na determinação da toxicidade aguda para Cobre, Zinco, Níquel e Alumínio. O Mundo da Saúde,27(4): 551-558.
DAMATO, M. and BARBIERI, E. 2011 Determinação da toxicidade aguda de cloreto de amõnia para uma espécie de peixe (Hyphessobrycon callistus) indicadora regional. O Mundo da Saúde, 35(4):551-558.
DECOURSEY P.J. and VERNBERG, W.B. 1972 Effect of mercury on survival,metabolism, and behaviour of larval Uca pugilator (Brachyura). Oikos, 23: 241-247.
DOI S.A.; COLLAí"¡O F.L.; STURARO L.G.R.; BARBIERI E. 2012 Efeito do chumbo em níveis de oxigênio e amônia no camarão rosa (Farfantepeneaus paulensis) em relação á salinidade. O Mundo da Saúde, 36(4): 594í 601.
EYSINK, G.G J.; PÁDUA, H.B.; BERTOLETTI, S.A.E.; PEREIRA, D.N. 1988a Metais pesados no vale do Ribeira e em Iguape - Ilha Comprida. Ambiente,2: 6-13.
EYSINK, G.G.J.; PÁDUA, H.B.; MARTINS, M.C. 1988b Presença de Mercúrio no Ambiente. Ambiente, 2: 43-50.
FILONOV, A.E. 2000 Spatial structure of the temperature and salinity fields in the presence of internal waves on the continental shelf of the states of Jalisco and Colina (Mexico). Ciencia Marina, 26(1): 1-21.
HAMILTON, M.A.; RUSSO, R.C.; THURSTON, R.V.1977 Trimmed Spearmaní Karber method for estimating median lethal concentrations in toxicity bioassays. Environmental Science and Technology, 11(7): 714í 719.
HANSEN, B.; FOTEL, R.L.; JESEN, N.J.; WITTRUP, L. 1997 Physiological effects of the detergent linear alkylbenzene sulphonate on blue mussel larvae (Mytilus edulis) in laboratory and mesocosm experiments. Marine Biology, 128: 627-637.
KOIZUMI, T.; YOKOTA, T.; SHIRAKURA, H.; TATSUMOTO, H.; SUSUKI, K.T. 1994. Potential mechanism of cadmium induced cytotoxicity in rat hepatocytes: inhibitory action of cadmium on mitochondrial respiratory activity. Aquatic Toxicology, 9(2): 115í 125.
LEMAIRE, P.; STURVE, J.; FORLIN, L.; LIVINGSTONE, D.R. 1996 Studies on aromatic
hydrocarbon quinone metabolism and DTdiaphorase function in liver of fish species.
Marine Environmental Research, 2(1-4): 317-321.
MANCE, G. 1987 Pollution Threats of heavy Metals in Aquatic Environments. Elsevier Appied Science Publishers Ltd., London, UK. 230p.
MARTIN, M.; OSBORN, K.E.; BILLIG, P.; GLICKSTEIN, N. 1981 Toxicities of ten metals to Crassostrea gigas and Mytillus edulis, embryos, and Cancer magister larvae. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 12(2): 305í 308.
MARTINEZ, D.S.T.; ALVES, O.L.; BARBIERI, E. 2013 Carbon nanotubes enhanced the lead toxicity on the freshwater fish. Journal of Physics:Conference series 429 012043.
MAYZAUD, P. and CONOVER, R.J. 1988 O:N atomic ratio as a tool to describe zooplankton metabolism. Marine Ecology Progress Serie, 45:289í 302.
MCFARLAND, W.N. and LEE, B.D. 1963 Osmotic and ionic concentration of shrimp of the Texas coast. Bulletin of Marine Science, 13: 391-416.
MCMAHON, B.R. 2001 Respiratory and circulatory compensation to hypoxia in crustaceans.Respiratory Physiology, 128: 349-364.
ONG CHE, R.G. and CHEUNG, S.G. 1998 Heavy metals in Metapenaeus ensis, Eriocheir sinensis and sediment from the Mai Po marshes, Hong Kong. The Science of the Total Environment, 214(1):87-97.
PEQUEUX, A.; BIANCHINI, A.; GILLES, R. 1996 Mercury and osmoregulation in the crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C - Toxicology & Pharmacology, 113(2):149-155.
RAO, E.G. and KHAN, M.A.Q. 2000 Zebra mussels:Enhancement of copper toxicity by high temperature and its relationship with respiration and metabolism. Water Environment Research,72(2): 175-178.
ROSAS, C.; MARTINEZ, E.; GAXIOLA, G.; BRITO, R.; SANCHEZ, A.; SOTO, L.A. 1999 The effect of dissolved oxygen and salinity on oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and osmotic pressure of Penaeus setiferus juveniles. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 234: 41í 57.
SCHRECK, C.B. 1990 Physiological, behavioral and performance indicators of stress. American Fisheries Society Symposium, 8: 29í 37.
SPICER, J.I. and WEBER, R.E. 1991 Respiratory impairment in crustaceans and mollusks due to exposure to heavy metals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 100(3): 339í 342.
SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, K.E.D. 1997 Animal physiology.Adaptation and Environment. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. 607 pp.
SOEGIANTO, A.; CHARMANTIER-DAURES, M.;TRILLES, J.P.; CHARMANTIER, G. 1999a
Impact of cadmium on the structure of gills and epipodites of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus. Aquatic Living Resource, 12(1): 57-70.
SOEGIANTO, A.; CHARMANTIER-DAURES, M.; TRILLES, J.P.; CHARMANTIER, G. 1999b
Impact of copper on the structure of gills and epipodites of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 19(2): 209í 223.
SOLORZANO, L. 1969 Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenolhypochlorite method. Limnology and Oceanography, 14: 799-801.
SUNDA, W.G.; ENGEL, D.W.; THUOTTE, R.M. 1978 Effects of chemical speciation on toxicity of cadmium to grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugui:importance of free cadmium ion. Environmetal Science Technology, 12(4): 409-413.
VANEGAS, C.; ESPINA, S.; BOTTELO, A.S.;VILLANUEVA, S. 1997 Acute toxicity and
synergism of cadmium and zinc in white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus, juveniles. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,58(2): 87í 92.
WONG, C.K.; CHU, K.H.; TANG, K.W.; TAM, T.W.;WONG, L.J. 1993 Effects of chromium, copper and nickel on survival and feeding behavior of Metapenaeus ensis larvae and postlarvae (Decapoda: Penaeidae). Marime Environmental Researche, 36(1): 63í 78.
WU, J.P. and CHEN, H.C. 2004 Effects of cadmium and zinc on oxygen consumption, ammonium excretion, and osmoregulation of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Chemosphere, 57: 1591-1598.
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2018-11-12
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