Toxicidade aguda e risco ambiental dos antibióticos oxitetraciclina e florfenicol para o pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Autores

  • Silvia Patrícia CARRASCHI UNESP Aquaculture Centre (Centro de Aquicultura da UNESP - CAUNESP) http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-8901
  • Natália Sayuri SHIOGIRI Natural Resource Ecology Graduate student at University Federal of São Carlos (UFSCar)
  • Francine Perri VENTURINI Genetics and Evolution Graduate student at University Federal of São Carlos (UFSCar) http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-5003
  • Claudinei da CRUZ Weed Environmental Research and Studies (Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais em Matologia -  NEPEAM) of the College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences at Unesp http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4064-0718
  • Ana Cristina Fausto GÍRIO Weed Environmental Research and Studies (Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais em Matologia -  NEPEAM) of the College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences at Unesp
  • Joaquim Gonçalves MACHADO NETO Weed Environmental Research and Studies (Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais em Matologia -  NEPEAM) of the College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences at Unesp

Palavras-chave:

xenobióticos, toxicidade, peixe neotropical

Resumo

A oxitetraciclina (OTC) e o florfenicol (FLO) são os antibióticos mais utilizados para o controle de bacterioses de peixes. Os objetivos foram estimar a concentração letal 50% inicial (CL(I)50;48h) do OTC (Terramicina®) e do FLO (Aquaflor®) para o pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus); classificar a OTC e o FLO pela toxicidade aguda e pelo risco de intoxicação ambiental; e avaliar o efeito da diluição da OTC e do FLO nas variáveis de qualidade de água. Os peixes foram aclimatados por dez dias em sala de bioensaio a 27 ± 2°C. Posteriormente, nove animais (três por repetição) foram expostos a 7,0; 7,5; 8,0 ou 8,5 mg L-1 de OTC ou a 600,0; 700,0; 800,0; 900,0 e 1000,0 mg L-1 de FLO e um tratamento controle. As variáveis de qualidade de água registradas diariamente foram pH, temperatura, condutividade elétrica e oxigênio dissolvido. A OTC e o FLO foram classificados de acordo com a toxicidade aguda e de acordo com o risco ambiental. A CL(I)50;48h estimada de OTC para o pacu foi 7,6 mg L-1 e do FLO, >1.000 mg L-1. A OTC reduziu a concentração do oxigênio dissolvido e foi considerada moderadamente tóxica, causando elevado risco de intoxicação ambiental para o pacu. O FLO não foi tóxico, sem risco de intoxicação ambiental para o pacu e não altera as variáveis de qualidade da água.

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2018-07-12

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